# From Prompt to Production Source: https://jigsawstack.com/docs/additional-resources/ai-dev-tools ### What is JigsawStack? 🧩 **Purpose-built AI models for your tech stack.** JigsawStack provides custom small models trained for specialized use cases. Whether you’re building with speech, text, vision, or workflow automation, JigsawStack gives you the APIs to move fast and stay in control. ## Build a JigsawStack-Powered App This guide will walk you through integrating JigsawStack with your favorite AI tools. ### Initial requirements * Setup a JigsawStack account * Create your [JigsawStack API key](https://jigsawstack.com/dashboard/) ### Supported Tools Overview * **v0.dev** – UI prototyping with ShadCN-style components and Figma integration * **Lovable.dev** – AI-assisted full-stack app builder with database and email support * **Bolt.new** – Transforms Figma designs into working frontends rapidly * **Windsurf** – AI-enhanced IDE for intuitive dev workflows * **Cursor** – VS Code-based AI code editor with advanced multi-file editing ## Using the OpenAPI 3.0 Spec for Development To improve accuracy and reduce hallucinations when generating code or API integrations in tools like Lovable.dev, v0.dev, Bolt.new, Cursor, or Windsurf, upload or reference the [JigsawStack OpenAPI 3.0 spec](https://github.com/JigsawStack/OpenAPI-spec/blob/main/jigsawstack-openai-spec.json) directly in your editor. This provides the AI with a structured source of truth for endpoints, parameters, and request/response formats. Enabling smarter autocompletions, fewer integration errors, and more predictable results. This allows the AI assistant to: * Autocomplete accurate endpoint paths and request formats * Avoid guessing parameter names or response structures * Align with required field validation and security headers > Tip: Many AI IDEs support uploading OpenAPI files or linking to hosted API specs. Use this to enhance autocomplete and schema-aware generation. ## Step-by-Step Integration Guide ### 1. Define Your Application Before starting, define the core features: * Do you need transcription, translation, OCR, or sentiment analysis? * Will you generate UIs or workflows from text? * Do you need user uploads or file storage? ### 2. Choose Your Low-Code Tool | Tool | Best For | | ----------- | -------------------------- | | v0.dev | UI-first apps & prototypes | | Lovable.dev | Full-stack web apps | | Bolt.new | Quick frontend dev | | Windsurf | Beginner-friendly code | | Cursor | Power-user code editing | ### 3. Set Up Your Backend Make API requests to `https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1` with your `x-api-key` header. Here's an example for **vOCR**: ```javascript import { JigsawStack } from "jigsawstack"; const jigsaw = JigsawStack({ apiKey: "your-api-key" }); const response = await jigsaw.vision.vocr({ "prompt": [ "total_price", "tax" ], "url": "https://media.snopes.com/2021/08/239918331_10228097135359041_3825446756894757753_n.jpg" }) ``` ### 4. Build the Frontend Use your chosen low-code tool to: * Design UI components * Configure user flows and backend calls * Code advanced logic or custom workflows ### 5. Connect to JigsawStack * Use HTTP `POST` calls with your API key * You can also wrap calls in custom SDK logic if your low-code tool supports serverless functions or API integrations ### 6. Test and Deploy * Test endpoints using mock data or production URLs * Deploy to platforms like Vercel, Netlify, Railway, or Render * Tools like Luvable, Bolt and v0 have streamlined the deployment process ## Tool Comparison | Tool | Strengths | Limitations | | ----------- | ----------------------------------------- | --------------------------------- | | v0.dev | Beautiful UI generation, fast prototyping | Only supports React | | Lovable.dev | End-to-end stack, intuitive AI builder | Less control for custom logic | | Bolt.new | Fastest Figma-to-code translation | Struggles with complex projects | | Windsurf | Beginner-friendly coding with AI | Less powerful than full IDEs | | Cursor | Multi-file, AI-rich context | Higher barrier for new developers | Ready to build? Pick your tool, plug into JigsawStack, and go from prototype to product fast. # JigsawStack Badge Source: https://jigsawstack.com/docs/additional-resources/jigsawstack-badge In return for the free plan, all we ask is that you put our `Powered by JigsawStack` badge in the footer of your website. Powered by JigsawStack. The One API for your next big thing. ## Installation To integrate it into your website, paste the below code snippet into the HTML of your footer. ```html Powered by JigsawStack. The One API for your next big thing. ``` You are free to pick a size that works with your design, however, the badge must not go below a minimum width of `150px`. # Supported Languages Source: https://jigsawstack.com/docs/additional-resources/languages Complete list of languages supported across JigsawStack APIs ## Overview Our APIs currently support **162 languages** from around the world, including right-to-left (RTL) languages. Each language is identified by a unique ISO 639-1 two-letter code. ## Using Language Codes in API Requests When making requests to JigsawStack APIs that support language specification, use the two-letter language code in your request parameters: ```javascript Example // Translating Engligh to Spanish const result = await jigsawstack.translate({ current_language: "en", // language code for English target_language: "es", // language code for Spanish text: "Hello, world!", }); ``` ## Language Table Reference | code | name | native | rtl | | ---- | ------------------ | ------------------------------- | --- | | af | Afrikaans | Afrikaans | | | am | Amharic | አማርኛ | | | ar | Arabic | العربية | ✓ | | as | Assamese | অসমীয়া | | | az | Azerbaijani | Azərbaycanca / آذربايجان | | | ba | Bashkir | Башҡорт | | | be | Belarusian | Беларуская | | | bg | Bulgarian | Български | | | bn | Bengali | বাংলা | | | bo | Tibetan | བོད་ཡིག / Bod skad | | | br | Breton | Brezhoneg | | | bs | Bosnian | Bosanski | | | ca | Catalan | Català | | | ch | Chamorro | Chamoru | | | co | Corsican | Corsu | | | cs | Czech | Česky | | | cy | Welsh | Cymraeg | | | da | Danish | Dansk | | | de | German | Deutsch | | | dv | Divehi | ދިވެހިބަސް | ✓ | | dz | Dzongkha | ཇོང་ཁ | | | el | Greek | Ελληνικά | | | en | English | English | | | eo | Esperanto | Esperanto | | | es | Spanish | Español | | | et | Estonian | Eesti | | | eu | Basque | Euskara | | | fa | Persian | فارسی | ✓ | | ff | Peul | Fulfulde | | | fi | Finnish | Suomi | | | fj | Fijian | Na Vosa Vakaviti | | | fo | Faroese | Føroyskt | | | fr | French | Français | | | fy | West Frisian | Frysk | | | ga | Irish | Gaeilge | | | gd | Scottish Gaelic | Gàidhlig | | | gl | Galician | Galego | | | gn | Guarani | Avañe'ẽ | | | gu | Gujarati | ગુજરાતી | | | gv | Manx | Gaelg | | | ha | Hausa | هَوُسَ | ✓ | | he | Hebrew | עברית | ✓ | | hi | Hindi | हिन्दी | | | hr | Croatian | Hrvatski | | | ht | Haitian | Krèyol ayisyen | | | hu | Hungarian | Magyar | | | hy | Armenian | Հայերեն | | | id | Indonesian | Bahasa Indonesia | | | ig | Igbo | Igbo | | | is | Icelandic | Íslenska | | | it | Italian | Italiano | | | iu | Inuktitut | ᐃᓄᒃᑎᑐᑦ | | | ja | Japanese | 日本語 | | | jv | Javanese | Basa Jawa | | | ka | Georgian | ქართული | | | kg | Kongo | KiKongo | | | ki | Kikuyu | Gĩkũyũ | | | kj | Kuanyama | Kuanyama | | | kk | Kazakh | Қазақша | | | kl | Greenlandic | Kalaallisut | | | km | Cambodian | ភាសាខ្មែរ | | | kn | Kannada | ಕನ್ನಡ | | | ko | Korean | 한국어 | | | kr | Kanuri | Kanuri | | | ks | Kashmiri | कश्मीरी / كشميري | ✓ | | ku | Kurdish | Kurdî / كوردی | ✓ | | kv | Komi | Коми | | | kw | Cornish | Kernewek | | | ky | Kirghiz | Kırgızca / Кыргызча | | | la | Latin | Latina | | | lb | Luxembourgish | Lëtzebuergesch | | | lg | Ganda | Luganda | | | li | Limburgian | Limburgs | | | ln | Lingala | Lingála | | | lo | Laotian | ລາວ / Pha xa lao | | | lt | Lithuanian | Lietuvių | | | lu | Luba-Katanga | Tshiluba | | | lv | Latvian | Latviešu | | | mg | Malagasy | Malagasy | | | mh | Marshallese | Kajin Majel / Ebon | | | mi | Maori | Māori | | | mk | Macedonian | Македонски | | | ml | Malayalam | മലയാളം | | | mn | Mongolian | Монгол | | | mo | Moldovan | Moldovenească | | | mr | Marathi | मराठी | | | ms | Malay | Bahasa Melayu | | | mt | Maltese | bil-Malti | | | my | Burmese | မြန်မာစာ | | | na | Nauruan | Dorerin Naoero | | | nb | Norwegian Bokmål | Norsk bokmål | | | nd | North Ndebele | Sindebele | | | ne | Nepali | नेपाली | | | ng | Ndonga | Oshiwambo | | | nl | Dutch | Nederlands | | | nn | Norwegian Nynorsk | Norsk nynorsk | | | no | Norwegian | Norsk | | | nr | South Ndebele | isiNdebele | | | nv | Navajo | Diné bizaad | | | ny | Chichewa | Chi-Chewa | | | oc | Occitan | Occitan | | | oj | Ojibwa | ᐊᓂᔑᓈᐯᒧᐎᓐ / Anishinaabemowin | | | om | Oromo | Oromoo | | | or | Oriya | ଓଡ଼ିଆ | | | os | Ossetian / Ossetic | Иронау | | | pa | Panjabi / Punjabi | ਪੰਜਾਬੀ / पंजाबी / پنجابي | | | pi | Pali | Pāli / पाऴि | | | pl | Polish | Polski | | | ps | Pashto | پښتو | ✓ | | pt | Portuguese | Português | | | qu | Quechua | Runa Simi | | | rm | Raeto Romance | Rumantsch | | | rn | Kirundi | Kirundi | | | ro | Romanian | Română | | | ru | Russian | Русский | | | rw | Rwandi | Kinyarwandi | | | sa | Sanskrit | संस्कृतम् | | | sc | Sardinian | Sardu | | | sd | Sindhi | सिनधि | | | se | Northern Sami | Sámegiella | | | sg | Sango | Sängö | | | sh | Serbo-Croatian | Srpskohrvatski / Српскохрватски | | | si | Sinhalese | සිංහල | | | sk | Slovak | Slovenčina | | | sl | Slovenian | Slovenščina | | | sm | Samoan | Gagana Samoa | | | sn | Shona | chiShona | | | so | Somalia | Soomaaliga | | | sq | Albanian | Shqip | | | sr | Serbian | Српски | | | ss | Swati | SiSwati | | | st | Southern Sotho | Sesotho | | | su | Sundanese | Basa Sunda | | | sv | Swedish | Svenska | | | sw | Swahili | Kiswahili | | | ta | Tamil | தமிழ் | | | te | Telugu | తెలుగు | | | tg | Tajik | Тоҷикӣ | | | th | Thai | ไทย / Phasa Thai | | | ti | Tigrinya | ትግርኛ | | | tk | Turkmen | Туркмен / تركمن | | | tl | Tagalog / Filipino | Tagalog | | | tn | Tswana | Setswana | | | to | Tonga | Lea Faka-Tonga | | | tr | Turkish | Türkçe | | | ts | Tsonga | Xitsonga | | | tt | Tatar | Tatarça | | | tw | Twi | Twi | | | ty | Tahitian | Reo Mā\`ohi | | | ug | Uyghur | Uyƣurqə / ئۇيغۇرچە | | | uk | Ukrainian | Українська | | | ur | Urdu | اردو | ✓ | | uz | Uzbek | Ўзбек | | | ve | Venda | Tshivenḓa | | | vi | Vietnamese | Tiếng Việt | | | vo | Volapük | Volapük | | | wo | Wolof | Wollof | | | xh | Xhosa | isiXhosa | | | yi | Yiddish | ייִדיש | ✓ | | yo | Yoruba | Yorùbá | | | zh | Chinese | 中文 | | | zu | Zulu | isiZulu | | # Security Source: https://jigsawstack.com/docs/additional-resources/security An overview of JigsawStack security features and practices. ## Data protection #### 1. Data at rest All sensitive data are encrypted at rest. Sensitive collections and tables also use row-level encryption. #### 2. Data in transit JigsawStack uses TLS 1.3 or higher everywhere data is transmitted over potentially insecure networks. #### 3. Data backup JigsawStack backs-up all production data using a point-in-time approach. Backups are persisted for 30 days, and are globally replicated for resiliency against regional disasters. ## Prevent logging API requests By default, our servers logged every request payload. Attach the header parameter `x-jigsaw-no-request-log` to control how requests payload are handled. If set to `true`, request payload will not be logged (stored). ### Javascript SDK To disable request logging in the JavaScript SDK, you can pass the `disableRequestLogging` option during initialization: ```javascript setup.ts import { JigsawStack } from "jigsawstack"; const jigsaw = JigsawStack({ apiKey: "your-api-key", disableRequestLogging: true, // disable request logging }); ``` ### Python SDK In the Python SDK, you can similarly disable request logging by passing the `disable_request_logging` argument when creating a JigsawStack instance: ```python setup.py from jigsawstack import JigsawStack jigsaw = JigsawStack(api_key="your-api-key", disable_request_logging=True) ``` ### API When using the raw API, include the `x-jigsaw-no-request-log` header in your request to control logging behavior ```javascript const headers = { "x-api-key": "", "x-jigsaw-no-request-log": "true", }; const baseUrl = "https://api.jigsawstack.com"; const result = await fetch(`${baseUrl}/v1/ai/summary`, { method: "POST", body: { text: "The Leaning Tower of Pisa, or simply, the Tower of Pisa, is the campanile, or freestanding bell tower, of Pisa Cathedral", }, headers, }); ``` # CSS Selectors Source: https://jigsawstack.com/docs/additional-resources/selector Example guide to CSS selectors for Web scraping ## What are CSS Selectors CSS selectors are used to define a pattern of the elements that you want to select for applying a set of CSS rules on the selected elements. > See usage in [Scrape API](http://jigsawstack.com/docs/api-reference/web/scrape) | Selector | Example | Use Case Scenario | | ---------------------------------- | -------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ | | \* | `*` | This selector picks all elements within a page. | | .class | `.card-title` | The simplest CSS selector is targeting the class attribute. If only your target element is using it, then it might be sufficient. | | .class1.class2 | `.card-heading.card-title` | There are elements with a class like class=“card-heading card-title”. When we see a space, it is because the element is using several classes. However, there’s no one fixed way of selecting the element. Try keeping the space, if that doesn’t work, then replace the space with a dot. | | #id | `#card-description` | What if the class is used in too many elements or if the element doesn’t have a class? Picking the ID can be the next best thing. The only problem is that IDs are unique per element. So won’t cut to scrape several elements at once. | | element | `h4` | To pick an element, all we need to add to our parser is the HTML tag name. | | element.class | `h4.card-title` | This is the most common. | | parentElement > childElement | `div > h4` | We can tell our scraper to extract an element inside another. In this example, we want it to find the h4 element whose parent element is a div. | | parentElement.class > childElement | `div.card-body > h4` | We can combine the previous logic to specify a parent element and extract a specific CSS child element. This is super useful when the data we want doesn’t have any class or ID but is inside a parent element with a unique class/ID. | | \[attribute] | `[href]` | Another great way to target an element with no clear class to choose from. Your scraper will extract all elements containing the specific attribute. | | \[attribute=value] | `[target=_blank]` | We can tell our scraper to extract only the elements with a specific value inside its attribute. | | \[attribute\~=value] | `[title~=rating]` | This selector will pick all the elements containing the word ‘rating’ inside its title attribute. | | element,element | `div, p` | Selects all `
` elements and all `

` elements. | | element+element | `div + p` | Selects the first `

` element that is placed immediately after `

` elements. | | \[attribute^=value] | `a[href^="https"]` | Selects every `` element whose href attribute value begins with "https" | | \[attribute\*=value] | `a[href*="jigsawstack"]` | Selects every `` element whose href attribute value contains the substring "jigsawstack" | | :active | `a:active` | Selects the active link | | :link | `a:link` | Selects all unvisited links | For more resources on CSS selectors, visit [W3schools](https://www.w3schools.com/cssref/css_selectors.php#gsc.tab=0) and [MDN](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_selectors/Selectors_and_combinators) For resources on using CSS selectors for Scraping, visit [Scrapingbee](https://www.scrapingbee.com/blog/using-css-selectors-for-web-scraping/#what-is-a-css-selector) # Screen Size Preset Source: https://jigsawstack.com/docs/additional-resources/size-preset The supported screen size presets on JigsawStack APIs. ```json [ { name: "QVGA", width: 320, height: 240, }, { name: "VGA", width: 640, height: 480, }, { name: "SVGA", width: 800, height: 600, }, { name: "HD", width: 1280, height: 720, }, { name: "SXGA", width: 1280, height: 1024, }, { name: "HD+", width: 1600, height: 900, }, { name: "FHD", width: 1920, height: 1080, }, { name: "2K", width: 2048, height: 1080, }, { name: "2K QHD", width: 2560, height: 1440, }, { name: "5K", width: 5120, height: 2880, }, { name: "4K UHD", width: 3840, height: 2160, }, { name: "8K UHD", width: 7680, height: 4320, }, { name: "iPhone 13 Pro", width: 1170, height: 2532, }, { name: "iPhone XR", width: 828, height: 1792, }, { name: "iPhone XS", width: 1125, height: 2436, }, { name: "iPhone XS Max", width: 1242, height: 2688, }, { name: "iPhone X", width: 1125, height: 2436, }, { name: "iPhone 8 Plus", width: 1080, height: 1920, }, { name: "iPhone 8", width: 750, height: 1334, }, { name: "iPhone 7 Plus", width: 1080, height: 1920, }, { name: "iPhone 7", width: 750, height: 1334, }, { name: "iPhone 6 Plus/6S Plus", width: 1080, height: 1920, }, { name: "iPhone 6/6S", width: 750, height: 1334, }, { name: "iPhone 5", width: 640, height: 1136, }, { name: "iPod Touch", width: 640, height: 1136, }, { name: "iPad Pro", width: 2048, height: 2732, }, { name: "iPad Third & Fourth Generation", width: 1536, height: 2048, }, { name: "iPad Air 1 & 2", width: 1536, height: 2048, }, { name: "iPad Mini 2 & 3", width: 1536, height: 2048, }, { name: "iPad Mini", width: 768, height: 1024, }, { name: "Nexus 6P", width: 1440, height: 2560, }, { name: "Nexus 5X", width: 1080, height: 1920, }, { name: "Google Pixel 7 Pro", width: 1440, height: 3120, }, { name: "Google Pixel 4 XL", width: 1440, height: 869, }, { name: "Google Pixel 4", width: 1080, height: 2280, }, { name: "Google Pixel 3a XL", width: 1080, height: 2160, }, { name: "Google Pixel 3a", width: 1080, height: 2220, }, { name: "Google Pixel 3 XL", width: 1440, height: 2960, }, { name: "Google Pixel 3", width: 1080, height: 2160, }, { name: "Google Pixel 2 XL", width: 1440, height: 2560, }, { name: "Google Pixel XL", width: 1440, height: 2560, }, { name: "Google Pixel", width: 1080, height: 1920, }, { name: "Samsung Galaxy Note 10+", width: 1440, height: 3040, }, { name: "Samsung Galaxy Note 10", width: 1080, height: 2280, }, { name: "Samsung Galaxy Note 9", width: 1440, height: 2960, }, { name: "Samsung Galaxy Note 5", width: 1440, height: 2560, }, { name: "LG G5", width: 1440, height: 2560, }, { name: "One Plus 3", width: 1080, height: 1920, }, { name: "Samsung Galaxy S9+", width: 1440, height: 2960, }, { name: "Samsung Galaxy S9", width: 1440, height: 2960, }, { name: "Samsung Galaxy S8+", width: 1440, height: 2960, }, { name: "Samsung Galaxy S8", width: 1440, height: 2960, }, { name: "Samsung Galaxy S7 Edge", width: 1440, height: 2560, }, { name: "Samsung Galaxy S7", width: 1440, height: 2560, }, { name: "Nexus 9", width: 1536, height: 2048, }, { name: "Nexus 7 (2013)", width: 1200, height: 1920, }, { name: "Pixel C", width: 1800, height: 2560, }, { name: "Samsung Galaxy Tab 10", width: 800, height: 1280, }, { name: "Chromebook Pixel", width: 2560, height: 1700, }, ]; ``` # Speaker Voice Accents Source: https://jigsawstack.com/docs/additional-resources/speaker-voices The supported speaker voice accents for the Text to Speech API. See [Speaker Voice Accents](https://gist.github.com/iamNarcisse/f2a8c9a42b8334566f85a3ab3344c5a1) for the complete list of supported speaker voice accents. # Embedding Source: https://jigsawstack.com/docs/api-reference/ai/embedding POST https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/embedding Generate vector embeddings from various content types including text, images, audio, and PDF files. ## Request Parameters ### Body The text content to generate embeddings for. Optional if providing content through another method. A URL pointing to the resource to generate embeddings for. Optional if providing content through another method. A key referencing a previously uploaded file in storage. Optional if providing content through another method. The direct content of a file to generate embeddings for. Optional if providing content through another method. The type of content being processed. Must be one of the following values: * `text`: Plain text input * `text-other`: Other text format * `image`: Image content * `audio`: Audio content * `pdf`: PDF document Determines behavior when input exceeds token limits: * `error`: Return an error (default) * `truncate`: Truncate the input to fit within token limits ## Response Structure Indicates whether the call was successful. The vector embedding representation of the input content. This is an array of floating-point numbers. ```javascript Javascript import { JigsawStack } from "jigsawstack"; const jigsaw = JigsawStack({ apiKey: "your-api-key" }); const response = await jigsaw.embedding({ "text": "Caption: Secluded Tiki Bar on a serene lake, perfect for a refreshing drink and a relaxing getaway", "type": "text" }) ``` ```python Python from jigsawstack import JigsawStack jigsaw = JigsawStack(api_key="your-api-key") response = jigsaw.embedding({ "text": "Caption: Secluded Tiki Bar on a serene lake, perfect for a refreshing drink and a relaxing getaway", "type": "text" }) ``` ```bash Curl curl https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/embedding \ -X POST \ -H 'Content-Type: application/json' \ -H 'x-api-key: your-api-key' \ -d '{"text":"Caption: Secluded Tiki Bar on a serene lake, perfect for a refreshing drink and a relaxing getaway","type":"text"}' ``` ```php PHP 'Caption: Secluded Tiki Bar on a serene lake, perfect for a refreshing drink and a relaxing getaway', 'type' => 'text' }.to_json req_options = { use_ssl: uri.scheme == 'https' } res = Net::HTTP.start(uri.hostname, uri.port, req_options) do |http| http.request(req) end ``` ```go Go package main import ( "fmt" "io" "log" "net/http" "strings" ) func main() { client := &http.Client{} var data = strings.NewReader(`{"text":"Caption: Secluded Tiki Bar on a serene lake, perfect for a refreshing drink and a relaxing getaway","type":"text"}`) req, err := http.NewRequest("POST", "https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/embedding", data) if err != nil { log.Fatal(err) } req.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/json") req.Header.Set("x-api-key", "your-api-key") resp, err := client.Do(req) if err != nil { log.Fatal(err) } defer resp.Body.Close() bodyText, err := io.ReadAll(resp.Body) if err != nil { log.Fatal(err) } fmt.Printf("%s\n", bodyText) } ``` ```java Java import java.io.IOException; import java.net.URI; import java.net.http.HttpClient; import java.net.http.HttpRequest; import java.net.http.HttpRequest.BodyPublishers; import java.net.http.HttpResponse; HttpClient client = HttpClient.newHttpClient(); HttpRequest request = HttpRequest.newBuilder() .uri(URI.create("https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/embedding")) .POST(BodyPublishers.ofString("{\"text\":\"Caption: Secluded Tiki Bar on a serene lake, perfect for a refreshing drink and a relaxing getaway\",\"type\":\"text\"}")) .setHeader("Content-Type", "application/json") .setHeader("x-api-key", "your-api-key") .build(); HttpResponse response = client.send(request, HttpResponse.BodyHandlers.ofString()); ``` ```swift Swift import Foundation let jsonData = [ "text": "Caption: Secluded Tiki Bar on a serene lake, perfect for a refreshing drink and a relaxing getaway", "type": "text" ] as [String : Any] let data = try! JSONSerialization.data(withJSONObject: jsonData, options: []) let url = URL(string: "https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/embedding")! let headers = [ "Content-Type": "application/json", "x-api-key": "your-api-key" ] var request = URLRequest(url: url) request.httpMethod = "POST" request.allHTTPHeaderFields = headers request.httpBody = data as Data let task = URLSession.shared.dataTask(with: request) { (data, response, error) in if let error = error { print(error) } else if let data = data { let str = String(data: data, encoding: .utf8) print(str ?? "") } } task.resume() ``` ```dart Dart import 'package:http/http.dart' as http; void main() async { final headers = { 'Content-Type': 'application/json', 'x-api-key': 'your-api-key', }; final data = '{"text":"Caption: Secluded Tiki Bar on a serene lake, perfect for a refreshing drink and a relaxing getaway","type":"text"}'; final url = Uri.parse('https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/embedding'); final res = await http.post(url, headers: headers, body: data); final status = res.statusCode; if (status != 200) throw Exception('http.post error: statusCode= $status'); print(res.body); } ``` ```kotlin Kotlin import java.io.IOException import okhttp3.MediaType.Companion.toMediaType import okhttp3.OkHttpClient import okhttp3.Request import okhttp3.RequestBody.Companion.toRequestBody val client = OkHttpClient() val MEDIA_TYPE = "application/json".toMediaType() val requestBody = "{\"text\":\"Caption: Secluded Tiki Bar on a serene lake, perfect for a refreshing drink and a relaxing getaway\",\"type\":\"text\"}" val request = Request.Builder() .url("https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/embedding") .post(requestBody.toRequestBody(MEDIA_TYPE)) .header("Content-Type", "application/json") .header("x-api-key", "your-api-key") .build() client.newCall(request).execute().use { response -> if (!response.isSuccessful) throw IOException("Unexpected code $response") response.body!!.string() } ``` ```csharp C# using System.Net.Http; using System.Net.Http.Headers; HttpClient client = new HttpClient(); HttpRequestMessage request = new HttpRequestMessage(HttpMethod.Post, "https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/embedding"); request.Headers.Add("x-api-key", "your-api-key"); request.Content = new StringContent("{\"text\":\"Caption: Secluded Tiki Bar on a serene lake, perfect for a refreshing drink and a relaxing getaway\",\"type\":\"text\"}"); request.Content.Headers.ContentType = new MediaTypeHeaderValue("application/json"); HttpResponseMessage response = await client.SendAsync(request); response.EnsureSuccessStatusCode(); string responseBody = await response.Content.ReadAsStringAsync(); ``` ```json Response { "success": true, "embeddings": [ [ -0.06269700080156326, 0.0896194726228714, -0.04227621480822563, -0.046519096940755844, -0.02535046637058258, -0.05726366862654686, 0.022328557446599007, 0.08247677236795425, -0.01738361269235611, -0.07240374386310577, -0.004616806749254465, -0.025930428877472878, -0.07008389383554459, -0.007711212150752544, -0.09261085838079453, 0.03952902555465698, 0.046824339777231216, 0.035591382533311844, 0.049785204231739044, 0.10872770845890045, 0.04273407906293869, 0.023885298520326614, 0.01059957779943943, -0.016315260902047157, -0.03888801112771034, 0.1354059875011444, 0.027029305696487427, 0.01054615993052721, -0.02821975387632847, -0.003025725483894348, -0.08235467970371246, -0.09102358669042587, -0.009630430489778519, -0.0015147705562412739, 0.07698239386081696, -0.007325842045247555, -0.07918014377355576, -0.005986586678773165, 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0.07795917242765427, 0.044962357729673386, 0.02753295749425888, 0.008180524222552776, -0.02206910029053688, -0.01409461535513401, -0.00033481387072242796, 0.02480102889239788, 0.038185954093933105, 0.0077264741994440556, -0.06330748647451401, 0.003577071474865079, 0.030112264677882195, 0.05320392921566963, 0.006673384457826614, -0.0007764629554003477, 0.009546488523483276, -0.0612318329513073, 0.020954960957169533, -0.0023198500275611877, 0.027838200330734253, 0.019123500213027, -0.015124811790883541, 0.03150112181901932, 0.015048501081764698, -0.028173968195915222, 0.010637733153998852, 0.011759502813220024, -0.02896760031580925, 0.06251385062932968, 0.07338052242994308, 0.0007511849980801344, 0.005750022828578949, 0.007390706334263086, 0.0031554538290947676, 0.011446628719568253, 0.03037172183394432, -0.05225767567753792, -0.013140729628503323, 0.029013387858867645, -0.0169562716037035, 0.010820879600942135, -0.033820971846580505, 0.005700421053916216, 0.02962387539446354, -0.03992583975195885, 0.0928550511598587, -0.01607106626033783, 0.03696497902274132, -0.012644709087908268, 0.02304587885737419, 0.004754166584461927, -0.009508333168923855, 0.035896625369787216, 0.03989531472325325, -0.03815542906522751, 0.014880617149174213, -0.011004025116562843, 0.011004025116562843, -0.014537218026816845, 0.010462218895554543, -0.009554118849337101, 0.03247790038585663, -0.023763200268149376, -0.0077264741994440556, 0.04142153263092041, 0.03901011124253273, -0.007905804552137852, 0.010156975127756596, -0.019413482397794724, -0.015689512714743614, -0.012850748375058174, -0.0328136682510376, -0.0009166841628029943, -0.03189793974161148, -0.040933143347501755, 0.09462546557188034, -0.012827854603528976, -0.015285064466297626, -0.0006882285233587027, 0.015674250200390816, 0.03943745046854019, -0.00478469068184495, -0.061598122119903564, 0.016116853803396225, -0.0038403437938541174, 0.021290728822350502, 0.07154905796051025, -0.026479866355657578, 0.003727785311639309, 0.030951684340834618, -0.05265448987483978, 0.03342415392398834, 0.011225326918065548, 0.03791123256087303, 0.04270355403423309, 0.05005992203950882, -0.04404662549495697, -0.017978837713599205, -0.000742600008379668, -0.056347936391830444 ] ], "chunks": [ "Caption: Secluded Tiki Bar on a serene lake, perfect for a refreshing drink and a relaxing getaway" ], "_usage": { "input_tokens": 10, "output_tokens": 1226, "inference_time_tokens": 10680, "total_tokens": 11916 } } ``` # Image Generation Source: https://jigsawstack.com/docs/api-reference/ai/image-generation POST https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/ai/image_generation Generate an image based on the given text by employing AI models like Flux, Stable Diffusion, and other top models. ## Request Parameters ### Body The text prompt to generate the image from. Must be between 1-5000 characters. The aspect ratio of the generated image.
  • `1:1`
  • `16:9`
  • `21:9`
  • `3:2`
  • `2:3`
  • `4:5`
  • `5:4`
  • `3:4`
  • `4:3`
  • `9:16`
  • `9:21`
 The width of the image. Must be between 256-1920 pixels. The height of the image. Must be between 256-1920 pixels. The number of denoising steps. Must be between 1-90. Higher values produce better quality images but take more time to generate. Text describing what you don't want in the image. Higher guidance forces the model to better follow the prompt, but may result in lower quality output. Must be between 1-28. Makes generation deterministic. Using the same seed and set of parameters will produce identical image each time. ## Response The API returns the generated image directly in the response body as binary data. ```javascript Javascript import { JigsawStack } from "jigsawstack"; const jigsaw = JigsawStack({ apiKey: "your-api-key" }); const response = await jigsaw.image_generation({ "prompt": "A beautiful sunset over a calm ocean" }) ``` ```python Python from jigsawstack import JigsawStack jigsaw = JigsawStack(api_key="your-api-key") response = jigsaw.image_generation({ "prompt": "A beautiful sunset over a calm ocean" }) ``` ```bash Curl curl https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/ai/image_generation \ -X POST \ -H 'Content-Type: application/json' \ -H 'x-api-key: your-api-key' \ -d '{"prompt":"A beautiful sunset over a calm ocean"}' ``` ```php PHP 'A beautiful sunset over a calm ocean' }.to_json req_options = { use_ssl: uri.scheme == 'https' } res = Net::HTTP.start(uri.hostname, uri.port, req_options) do |http| http.request(req) end ``` ```go Go package main import ( "fmt" "io" "log" "net/http" "strings" ) func main() { client := &http.Client{} var data = strings.NewReader(`{"prompt":"A beautiful sunset over a calm ocean"}`) req, err := http.NewRequest("POST", "https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/ai/image_generation", data) if err != nil { log.Fatal(err) } req.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/json") req.Header.Set("x-api-key", "your-api-key") resp, err := client.Do(req) if err != nil { log.Fatal(err) } defer resp.Body.Close() bodyText, err := io.ReadAll(resp.Body) if err != nil { log.Fatal(err) } fmt.Printf("%s\n", bodyText) } ``` ```java Java import java.io.IOException; import java.net.URI; import java.net.http.HttpClient; import java.net.http.HttpRequest; import java.net.http.HttpRequest.BodyPublishers; import java.net.http.HttpResponse; HttpClient client = HttpClient.newHttpClient(); HttpRequest request = HttpRequest.newBuilder() .uri(URI.create("https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/ai/image_generation")) .POST(BodyPublishers.ofString("{\"prompt\":\"A beautiful sunset over a calm ocean\"}")) .setHeader("Content-Type", "application/json") .setHeader("x-api-key", "your-api-key") .build(); HttpResponse response = client.send(request, HttpResponse.BodyHandlers.ofString()); ``` ```swift Swift import Foundation let jsonData = [ "prompt": "A beautiful sunset over a calm ocean" ] as [String : Any] let data = try! JSONSerialization.data(withJSONObject: jsonData, options: []) let url = URL(string: "https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/ai/image_generation")! let headers = [ "Content-Type": "application/json", "x-api-key": "your-api-key" ] var request = URLRequest(url: url) request.httpMethod = "POST" request.allHTTPHeaderFields = headers request.httpBody = data as Data let task = URLSession.shared.dataTask(with: request) { (data, response, error) in if let error = error { print(error) } else if let data = data { let str = String(data: data, encoding: .utf8) print(str ?? "") } } task.resume() ``` ```dart Dart import 'package:http/http.dart' as http; void main() async { final headers = { 'Content-Type': 'application/json', 'x-api-key': 'your-api-key', }; final data = '{"prompt":"A beautiful sunset over a calm ocean"}'; final url = Uri.parse('https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/ai/image_generation'); final res = await http.post(url, headers: headers, body: data); final status = res.statusCode; if (status != 200) throw Exception('http.post error: statusCode= $status'); print(res.body); } ``` ```kotlin Kotlin import java.io.IOException import okhttp3.MediaType.Companion.toMediaType import okhttp3.OkHttpClient import okhttp3.Request import okhttp3.RequestBody.Companion.toRequestBody val client = OkHttpClient() val MEDIA_TYPE = "application/json".toMediaType() val requestBody = "{\"prompt\":\"A beautiful sunset over a calm ocean\"}" val request = Request.Builder() .url("https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/ai/image_generation") .post(requestBody.toRequestBody(MEDIA_TYPE)) .header("Content-Type", "application/json") .header("x-api-key", "your-api-key") .build() client.newCall(request).execute().use { response -> if (!response.isSuccessful) throw IOException("Unexpected code $response") response.body!!.string() } ``` ```csharp C# using System.Net.Http; using System.Net.Http.Headers; HttpClient client = new HttpClient(); HttpRequestMessage request = new HttpRequestMessage(HttpMethod.Post, "https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/ai/image_generation"); request.Headers.Add("x-api-key", "your-api-key"); request.Content = new StringContent("{\"prompt\":\"A beautiful sunset over a calm ocean\"}"); request.Content.Headers.ContentType = new MediaTypeHeaderValue("application/json"); HttpResponseMessage response = await client.SendAsync(request); response.EnsureSuccessStatusCode(); string responseBody = await response.Content.ReadAsStringAsync(); ``` # Image Translate Source: https://jigsawstack.com/docs/api-reference/ai/image-translate POST https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/ai/image_translate Extract and translate text from images into multiple languages. ## Request Parameters ### Body The URL of the image containing text to translate. If provided, the image will be downloaded from this URL. Must be a valid URL. Either `url` or `file_store_key` must be provided. The file store key of a previously uploaded image. Either `url` or `file_store_key` must be provided. The language code of the target language to translate to. All supported language codes can be found [here](https://jigsawstack.com/docs/additional-resources/languages). ## Response Structure Indicates whether the call was successful. The translated text content extracted from the image. ```javascript Javascript import { JigsawStack } from "jigsawstack"; const jigsaw = JigsawStack({ apiKey: "your-api-key" }); const response = await jigsaw.translate.image({ "url": "https://images.unsplash.com/photo-1566657817181-c69e4a8eeb1e?q=80&w=3087&auto=format&fit=crop&ixlib=rb-4.0.3&ixid=M3wxMjA3fDB8MHxwaG90by1wYWdlfHx8fGVufDB8fHx8fA%3D%3D", "target_language": "hi" }) ``` ```python Python from jigsawstack import JigsawStack jigsaw = JigsawStack(api_key="your-api-key") response = jigsaw.translate.image({ "url": "https://images.unsplash.com/photo-1566657817181-c69e4a8eeb1e?q=80&w=3087&auto=format&fit=crop&ixlib=rb-4.0.3&ixid=M3wxMjA3fDB8MHxwaG90by1wYWdlfHx8fGVufDB8fHx8fA%3D%3D", "target_language": "hi" }) ``` ```bash Curl curl https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/ai/translate/image \ -X POST \ -H 'Content-Type: application/json' \ -H 'x-api-key: your-api-key' \ -d '{"url":"https://images.unsplash.com/photo-1566657817181-c69e4a8eeb1e?q=80&w=3087&auto=format&fit=crop&ixlib=rb-4.0.3&ixid=M3wxMjA3fDB8MHxwaG90by1wYWdlfHx8fGVufDB8fHx8fA%3D%3D","target_language":"hi"}' ``` ```php PHP 'https://images.unsplash.com/photo-1566657817181-c69e4a8eeb1e?q=80&w=3087&auto=format&fit=crop&ixlib=rb-4.0.3&ixid=M3wxMjA3fDB8MHxwaG90by1wYWdlfHx8fGVufDB8fHx8fA%3D%3D', 'target_language' => 'hi' }.to_json req_options = { use_ssl: uri.scheme == 'https' } res = Net::HTTP.start(uri.hostname, uri.port, req_options) do |http| http.request(req) end ``` ```go Go package main import ( "fmt" "io" "log" "net/http" "strings" ) func main() { client := &http.Client{} var data = strings.NewReader(`{"url":"https://images.unsplash.com/photo-1566657817181-c69e4a8eeb1e?q=80&w=3087&auto=format&fit=crop&ixlib=rb-4.0.3&ixid=M3wxMjA3fDB8MHxwaG90by1wYWdlfHx8fGVufDB8fHx8fA%3D%3D","target_language":"hi"}`) req, err := http.NewRequest("POST", "https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/ai/translate/image", data) if err != nil { log.Fatal(err) } req.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/json") req.Header.Set("x-api-key", "your-api-key") resp, err := client.Do(req) if err != nil { log.Fatal(err) } defer resp.Body.Close() bodyText, err := io.ReadAll(resp.Body) if err != nil { log.Fatal(err) } fmt.Printf("%s\n", bodyText) } ``` ```java Java import java.io.IOException; import java.net.URI; import java.net.http.HttpClient; import java.net.http.HttpRequest; import java.net.http.HttpRequest.BodyPublishers; import java.net.http.HttpResponse; HttpClient client = HttpClient.newHttpClient(); HttpRequest request = HttpRequest.newBuilder() .uri(URI.create("https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/ai/translate/image")) .POST(BodyPublishers.ofString("{\"url\":\"https://images.unsplash.com/photo-1566657817181-c69e4a8eeb1e?q=80&w=3087&auto=format&fit=crop&ixlib=rb-4.0.3&ixid=M3wxMjA3fDB8MHxwaG90by1wYWdlfHx8fGVufDB8fHx8fA%3D%3D\",\"target_language\":\"hi\"}")) .setHeader("Content-Type", "application/json") .setHeader("x-api-key", "your-api-key") .build(); HttpResponse response = client.send(request, HttpResponse.BodyHandlers.ofString()); ``` ```swift Swift import Foundation let jsonData = [ "url": "https://images.unsplash.com/photo-1566657817181-c69e4a8eeb1e?q=80&w=3087&auto=format&fit=crop&ixlib=rb-4.0.3&ixid=M3wxMjA3fDB8MHxwaG90by1wYWdlfHx8fGVufDB8fHx8fA%3D%3D", "target_language": "hi" ] as [String : Any] let data = try! JSONSerialization.data(withJSONObject: jsonData, options: []) let url = URL(string: "https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/ai/translate/image")! let headers = [ "Content-Type": "application/json", "x-api-key": "your-api-key" ] var request = URLRequest(url: url) request.httpMethod = "POST" request.allHTTPHeaderFields = headers request.httpBody = data as Data let task = URLSession.shared.dataTask(with: request) { (data, response, error) in if let error = error { print(error) } else if let data = data { let str = String(data: data, encoding: .utf8) print(str ?? "") } } task.resume() ``` ```dart Dart import 'package:http/http.dart' as http; void main() async { final headers = { 'Content-Type': 'application/json', 'x-api-key': 'your-api-key', }; final data = '{"url":"https://images.unsplash.com/photo-1566657817181-c69e4a8eeb1e?q=80&w=3087&auto=format&fit=crop&ixlib=rb-4.0.3&ixid=M3wxMjA3fDB8MHxwaG90by1wYWdlfHx8fGVufDB8fHx8fA%3D%3D","target_language":"hi"}'; final url = Uri.parse('https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/ai/translate/image'); final res = await http.post(url, headers: headers, body: data); final status = res.statusCode; if (status != 200) throw Exception('http.post error: statusCode= $status'); print(res.body); } ``` ```kotlin Kotlin import java.io.IOException import okhttp3.MediaType.Companion.toMediaType import okhttp3.OkHttpClient import okhttp3.Request import okhttp3.RequestBody.Companion.toRequestBody val client = OkHttpClient() val MEDIA_TYPE = "application/json".toMediaType() val requestBody = "{\"url\":\"https://images.unsplash.com/photo-1566657817181-c69e4a8eeb1e?q=80&w=3087&auto=format&fit=crop&ixlib=rb-4.0.3&ixid=M3wxMjA3fDB8MHxwaG90by1wYWdlfHx8fGVufDB8fHx8fA%3D%3D\",\"target_language\":\"hi\"}" val request = Request.Builder() .url("https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/ai/translate/image") .post(requestBody.toRequestBody(MEDIA_TYPE)) .header("Content-Type", "application/json") .header("x-api-key", "your-api-key") .build() client.newCall(request).execute().use { response -> if (!response.isSuccessful) throw IOException("Unexpected code $response") response.body!!.string() } ``` ```csharp C# using System.Net.Http; using System.Net.Http.Headers; HttpClient client = new HttpClient(); HttpRequestMessage request = new HttpRequestMessage(HttpMethod.Post, "https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/ai/translate/image"); request.Headers.Add("x-api-key", "your-api-key"); request.Content = new StringContent("{\"url\":\"https://images.unsplash.com/photo-1566657817181-c69e4a8eeb1e?q=80&w=3087&auto=format&fit=crop&ixlib=rb-4.0.3&ixid=M3wxMjA3fDB8MHxwaG90by1wYWdlfHx8fGVufDB8fHx8fA%3D%3D\",\"target_language\":\"hi\"}"); request.Content.Headers.ContentType = new MediaTypeHeaderValue("application/json"); HttpResponseMessage response = await client.SendAsync(request); response.EnsureSuccessStatusCode(); string responseBody = await response.Content.ReadAsStringAsync(); ``` # Object Detection Source: https://jigsawstack.com/docs/api-reference/ai/object-detection POST https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/ai/object_detection Recognise objects within an image with great accuracy. ### Body The image url. Not required if `file_store_key` is specified. The key used to store the image on Jigsawstack file [Storage](/docs/api-reference/store/file/add). Not required if `url` is specified. Either `file_store_key` or `url` can be provided not both. ### Response Indicates whether the call was successful. ```javascript Javascript import { JigsawStack } from "jigsawstack"; const jigsaw = JigsawStack({ apiKey: "your-api-key" }); const response = await jigsaw.vision.object_detection({ "url": "https://rogilvkqloanxtvjfrkm.supabase.co/storage/v1/object/public/demo/Collabo%201080x842.jpg?t=2024-03-22T09%3A22%3A48.442Z" }) ``` ```python Python from jigsawstack import JigsawStack jigsaw = JigsawStack(api_key="your-api-key") response = jigsaw.vision.object_detection({ "url": "https://rogilvkqloanxtvjfrkm.supabase.co/storage/v1/object/public/demo/Collabo%201080x842.jpg?t=2024-03-22T09%3A22%3A48.442Z" }) ``` ```bash Curl curl https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/ai/object_detection \ -X POST \ -H 'Content-Type: application/json' \ -H 'x-api-key: your-api-key' \ -d '{"url":"https://rogilvkqloanxtvjfrkm.supabase.co/storage/v1/object/public/demo/Collabo%201080x842.jpg?t=2024-03-22T09%3A22%3A48.442Z"}' ``` ```php PHP 'https://rogilvkqloanxtvjfrkm.supabase.co/storage/v1/object/public/demo/Collabo%201080x842.jpg?t=2024-03-22T09%3A22%3A48.442Z' }.to_json req_options = { use_ssl: uri.scheme == 'https' } res = Net::HTTP.start(uri.hostname, uri.port, req_options) do |http| http.request(req) end ``` ```go Go package main import ( "fmt" "io" "log" "net/http" "strings" ) func main() { client := &http.Client{} var data = strings.NewReader(`{"url":"https://rogilvkqloanxtvjfrkm.supabase.co/storage/v1/object/public/demo/Collabo%201080x842.jpg?t=2024-03-22T09%3A22%3A48.442Z"}`) req, err := http.NewRequest("POST", "https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/ai/object_detection", data) if err != nil { log.Fatal(err) } req.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/json") req.Header.Set("x-api-key", "your-api-key") resp, err := client.Do(req) if err != nil { log.Fatal(err) } defer resp.Body.Close() bodyText, err := io.ReadAll(resp.Body) if err != nil { log.Fatal(err) } fmt.Printf("%s\n", bodyText) } ``` ```java Java import java.io.IOException; import java.net.URI; import java.net.http.HttpClient; import java.net.http.HttpRequest; import java.net.http.HttpRequest.BodyPublishers; import java.net.http.HttpResponse; HttpClient client = HttpClient.newHttpClient(); HttpRequest request = HttpRequest.newBuilder() .uri(URI.create("https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/ai/object_detection")) .POST(BodyPublishers.ofString("{\"url\":\"https://rogilvkqloanxtvjfrkm.supabase.co/storage/v1/object/public/demo/Collabo%201080x842.jpg?t=2024-03-22T09%3A22%3A48.442Z\"}")) .setHeader("Content-Type", "application/json") .setHeader("x-api-key", "your-api-key") .build(); HttpResponse response = client.send(request, HttpResponse.BodyHandlers.ofString()); ``` ```swift Swift import Foundation let jsonData = [ "url": "https://rogilvkqloanxtvjfrkm.supabase.co/storage/v1/object/public/demo/Collabo%201080x842.jpg?t=2024-03-22T09%3A22%3A48.442Z" ] as [String : Any] let data = try! JSONSerialization.data(withJSONObject: jsonData, options: []) let url = URL(string: "https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/ai/object_detection")! let headers = [ "Content-Type": "application/json", "x-api-key": "your-api-key" ] var request = URLRequest(url: url) request.httpMethod = "POST" request.allHTTPHeaderFields = headers request.httpBody = data as Data let task = URLSession.shared.dataTask(with: request) { (data, response, error) in if let error = error { print(error) } else if let data = data { let str = String(data: data, encoding: .utf8) print(str ?? "") } } task.resume() ``` ```dart Dart import 'package:http/http.dart' as http; void main() async { final headers = { 'Content-Type': 'application/json', 'x-api-key': 'your-api-key', }; final data = '{"url":"https://rogilvkqloanxtvjfrkm.supabase.co/storage/v1/object/public/demo/Collabo%201080x842.jpg?t=2024-03-22T09%3A22%3A48.442Z"}'; final url = Uri.parse('https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/ai/object_detection'); final res = await http.post(url, headers: headers, body: data); final status = res.statusCode; if (status != 200) throw Exception('http.post error: statusCode= $status'); print(res.body); } ``` ```kotlin Kotlin import java.io.IOException import okhttp3.MediaType.Companion.toMediaType import okhttp3.OkHttpClient import okhttp3.Request import okhttp3.RequestBody.Companion.toRequestBody val client = OkHttpClient() val MEDIA_TYPE = "application/json".toMediaType() val requestBody = "{\"url\":\"https://rogilvkqloanxtvjfrkm.supabase.co/storage/v1/object/public/demo/Collabo%201080x842.jpg?t=2024-03-22T09%3A22%3A48.442Z\"}" val request = Request.Builder() .url("https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/ai/object_detection") .post(requestBody.toRequestBody(MEDIA_TYPE)) .header("Content-Type", "application/json") .header("x-api-key", "your-api-key") .build() client.newCall(request).execute().use { response -> if (!response.isSuccessful) throw IOException("Unexpected code $response") response.body!!.string() } ``` ```csharp C# using System.Net.Http; using System.Net.Http.Headers; HttpClient client = new HttpClient(); HttpRequestMessage request = new HttpRequestMessage(HttpMethod.Post, "https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/ai/object_detection"); request.Headers.Add("x-api-key", "your-api-key"); request.Content = new StringContent("{\"url\":\"https://rogilvkqloanxtvjfrkm.supabase.co/storage/v1/object/public/demo/Collabo%201080x842.jpg?t=2024-03-22T09%3A22%3A48.442Z\"}"); request.Content.Headers.ContentType = new MediaTypeHeaderValue("application/json"); HttpResponseMessage response = await client.SendAsync(request); response.EnsureSuccessStatusCode(); string responseBody = await response.Content.ReadAsStringAsync(); ``` ```json Response { "success": true, "width": 1080, "height": 842, "tags": [ "clothing", "human face", "person", "man", "woman", "wall", "table", "indoor", "smile", "sharing", "food", "people", "group", "eating" ], "objects": [ { "name": "person", "confidence": 0.599, "bounds": { "top_left": { "x": 430, "y": 290 }, "top_right": { "x": 631, "y": 290 }, "bottom_right": { "x": 631, "y": 523 }, "bottom_left": { "x": 430, "y": 523 }, "width": 201, "height": 233 } }, { "name": "person", "confidence": 0.542, "bounds": { "top_left": { "x": 230, "y": 273 }, "top_right": { "x": 440, "y": 273 }, "bottom_right": { "x": 440, "y": 610 }, "bottom_left": { "x": 230, "y": 610 }, "width": 210, "height": 337 } }, { "name": "person", "confidence": 0.869, "bounds": { "top_left": { "x": 16, "y": 279 }, "top_right": { "x": 397, "y": 279 }, "bottom_right": { "x": 397, "y": 818 }, "bottom_left": { "x": 16, "y": 818 }, "width": 381, "height": 539 } }, { "name": "person", "confidence": 0.847, "bounds": { "top_left": { "x": 546, "y": 226 }, "top_right": { "x": 1078, "y": 226 }, "bottom_right": { "x": 1078, "y": 825 }, "bottom_left": { "x": 546, "y": 825 }, "width": 532, "height": 599 } } ], "_usage": { "input_tokens": 34, "output_tokens": 244, "inference_time_tokens": 1983, "total_tokens": 2261 } } ``` # Prediction Source: https://jigsawstack.com/docs/api-reference/ai/prediction POST https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/ai/prediction Forecast a wide range of time series data in seconds with one simple API and no data training. ## Request Parameters ### Body The dataset to make predictions on. This is an array of objects with keys `date` and `value`. See example below for more information. * Minimum: 5 data points * Maximum: 1000 data points Note: The larger the dataset provided, the more accurate the predictions become. For best results, provide at least 20-30 data points with consistent intervals. The number of predictions to make. - Minimum: 1 - Maximum: 500 ### Sample Dataset > A dataset must be an array of object containing keys `date` and `value`. ```javascript type Dataset = { date: string, value: number | string, }; const dataset: Array = [ { date: "2023-01-01", value: 353459 }, { date: "2023-01-02", value: 313734 }, { date: "2023-01-03", value: 333774 }, { date: "2023-01-04", value: 348636 }, { date: "2023-01-05", value: 278903 }, ]; ``` ## Response Structure Indicates whether the call was successful. Array of predicted data points. Each object contains: - `date`: Timestamp for the predicted point - `value`: Predicted value The number of predictions that were made. ```javascript Javascript import { JigsawStack } from "jigsawstack"; const jigsaw = JigsawStack({ apiKey: "your-api-key" }); const response = await jigsaw.prediction({ "dataset": [ { "date": "2023-01-01", "value": 353459 }, { "date": "2023-01-02", "value": 313734 }, { "date": "2023-01-03", "value": 333774 }, { "date": "2023-01-04", "value": 348636 }, { "date": "2023-01-05", "value": 278903 } ], "steps": 3 }) ``` ```python Python from jigsawstack import JigsawStack jigsaw = JigsawStack(api_key="your-api-key") response = jigsaw.prediction({ "dataset": [ { "date": "2023-01-01", "value": 353459 }, { "date": "2023-01-02", "value": 313734 }, { "date": "2023-01-03", "value": 333774 }, { "date": "2023-01-04", "value": 348636 }, { "date": "2023-01-05", "value": 278903 } ], "steps": 3 }) ``` ```bash Curl curl https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/ai/prediction \ -X POST \ -H 'Content-Type: application/json' \ -H 'x-api-key: your-api-key' \ -d '{"dataset":[{"date":"2023-01-01","value":353459},{"date":"2023-01-02","value":313734},{"date":"2023-01-03","value":333774},{"date":"2023-01-04","value":348636},{"date":"2023-01-05","value":278903}],"steps":3}' ``` ```php PHP [ { 'date' => '2023-01-01', 'value' => 353459 }, { 'date' => '2023-01-02', 'value' => 313734 }, { 'date' => '2023-01-03', 'value' => 333774 }, { 'date' => '2023-01-04', 'value' => 348636 }, { 'date' => '2023-01-05', 'value' => 278903 } ], 'steps' => 3 }.to_json req_options = { use_ssl: uri.scheme == 'https' } res = Net::HTTP.start(uri.hostname, uri.port, req_options) do |http| http.request(req) end ``` ```go Go package main import ( "fmt" "io" "log" "net/http" "strings" ) func main() { client := &http.Client{} var data = strings.NewReader(`{"dataset":[{"date":"2023-01-01","value":353459},{"date":"2023-01-02","value":313734},{"date":"2023-01-03","value":333774},{"date":"2023-01-04","value":348636},{"date":"2023-01-05","value":278903}],"steps":3}`) req, err := http.NewRequest("POST", "https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/ai/prediction", data) if err != nil { log.Fatal(err) } req.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/json") req.Header.Set("x-api-key", "your-api-key") resp, err := client.Do(req) if err != nil { log.Fatal(err) } defer resp.Body.Close() bodyText, err := io.ReadAll(resp.Body) if err != nil { log.Fatal(err) } fmt.Printf("%s\n", bodyText) } ``` ```java Java import java.io.IOException; import java.net.URI; import java.net.http.HttpClient; import java.net.http.HttpRequest; import java.net.http.HttpRequest.BodyPublishers; import java.net.http.HttpResponse; HttpClient client = HttpClient.newHttpClient(); HttpRequest request = HttpRequest.newBuilder() .uri(URI.create("https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/ai/prediction")) .POST(BodyPublishers.ofString("{\"dataset\":[{\"date\":\"2023-01-01\",\"value\":353459},{\"date\":\"2023-01-02\",\"value\":313734},{\"date\":\"2023-01-03\",\"value\":333774},{\"date\":\"2023-01-04\",\"value\":348636},{\"date\":\"2023-01-05\",\"value\":278903}],\"steps\":3}")) .setHeader("Content-Type", "application/json") .setHeader("x-api-key", "your-api-key") .build(); HttpResponse response = client.send(request, HttpResponse.BodyHandlers.ofString()); ``` ```swift Swift import Foundation let jsonData = [ "dataset": [ [ "date": "2023-01-01", "value": 353459 ], [ "date": "2023-01-02", "value": 313734 ], [ "date": "2023-01-03", "value": 333774 ], [ "date": "2023-01-04", "value": 348636 ], [ "date": "2023-01-05", "value": 278903 ] ], "steps": 3 ] as [String : Any] let data = try! JSONSerialization.data(withJSONObject: jsonData, options: []) let url = URL(string: "https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/ai/prediction")! let headers = [ "Content-Type": "application/json", "x-api-key": "your-api-key" ] var request = URLRequest(url: url) request.httpMethod = "POST" request.allHTTPHeaderFields = headers request.httpBody = data as Data let task = URLSession.shared.dataTask(with: request) { (data, response, error) in if let error = error { print(error) } else if let data = data { let str = String(data: data, encoding: .utf8) print(str ?? "") } } task.resume() ``` ```dart Dart import 'package:http/http.dart' as http; void main() async { final headers = { 'Content-Type': 'application/json', 'x-api-key': 'your-api-key', }; final data = '{"dataset":[{"date":"2023-01-01","value":353459},{"date":"2023-01-02","value":313734},{"date":"2023-01-03","value":333774},{"date":"2023-01-04","value":348636},{"date":"2023-01-05","value":278903}],"steps":3}'; final url = Uri.parse('https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/ai/prediction'); final res = await http.post(url, headers: headers, body: data); final status = res.statusCode; if (status != 200) throw Exception('http.post error: statusCode= $status'); print(res.body); } ``` ```kotlin Kotlin import java.io.IOException import okhttp3.MediaType.Companion.toMediaType import okhttp3.OkHttpClient import okhttp3.Request import okhttp3.RequestBody.Companion.toRequestBody val client = OkHttpClient() val MEDIA_TYPE = "application/json".toMediaType() val requestBody = "{\"dataset\":[{\"date\":\"2023-01-01\",\"value\":353459},{\"date\":\"2023-01-02\",\"value\":313734},{\"date\":\"2023-01-03\",\"value\":333774},{\"date\":\"2023-01-04\",\"value\":348636},{\"date\":\"2023-01-05\",\"value\":278903}],\"steps\":3}" val request = Request.Builder() .url("https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/ai/prediction") .post(requestBody.toRequestBody(MEDIA_TYPE)) .header("Content-Type", "application/json") .header("x-api-key", "your-api-key") .build() client.newCall(request).execute().use { response -> if (!response.isSuccessful) throw IOException("Unexpected code $response") response.body!!.string() } ``` ```csharp C# using System.Net.Http; using System.Net.Http.Headers; HttpClient client = new HttpClient(); HttpRequestMessage request = new HttpRequestMessage(HttpMethod.Post, "https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/ai/prediction"); request.Headers.Add("x-api-key", "your-api-key"); request.Content = new StringContent("{\"dataset\":[{\"date\":\"2023-01-01\",\"value\":353459},{\"date\":\"2023-01-02\",\"value\":313734},{\"date\":\"2023-01-03\",\"value\":333774},{\"date\":\"2023-01-04\",\"value\":348636},{\"date\":\"2023-01-05\",\"value\":278903}],\"steps\":3}"); request.Content.Headers.ContentType = new MediaTypeHeaderValue("application/json"); HttpResponseMessage response = await client.SendAsync(request); response.EnsureSuccessStatusCode(); string responseBody = await response.Content.ReadAsStringAsync(); ``` ```json Response { "success": true, "prediction": [ { "date": "2023-01-08 00:00:00", "value": 315214.5625 }, { "date": "2023-01-07 00:00:00", "value": 320094.71875 }, { "date": "2023-01-06 00:00:00", "value": 316329.9375 } ], "steps": 3, "_usage": { "input_tokens": 53, "output_tokens": 49, "inference_time_tokens": 2164, "total_tokens": 2266 } } ``` # AI Scraper Source: https://jigsawstack.com/docs/api-reference/ai/scrape POST https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/ai/scrape Scrape any website instantly and get consistent structured data in seconds without writing any css selector code ## Request Parameters ### Body URL of the page to scrape. Either `url` or `html` is required, but not both. HTML content to scrape. Either `url` or `html` is required, but not both. Items on the page to scrape (maximum 5). E.g. "Plan price", "Plan title" CSS selector to limit the scope of scraping to a specific element and its children For pagination, the current page number (minimum: 1) Advanced configurations Tracks console messages emitted when JavaScript within the page calls console API methods Tracks network response information such as URL, method, status, headers, and body Tracks cookie information Custom HTTP headers to send with requests (key-value pairs) Array of patterns to intercept and block requests (e.g., \["jpg", "png"]) Custom page-load behavior settings Custom timeout in milliseconds (maximum: 120000, or 2 minutes) Page load event to wait for:
  • `load` - Wait until the load event is fired
  • `domcontentloaded` - Wait until the DOMContentLoaded event is fired
  • `networkidle0` - Wait until there are no network connections for at least 500ms
  • `networkidle2` - Wait until there are no more than 2 network connections for at least 500ms
 Wait condition before scraping Type of waiting condition:
  • `timeout` - Wait for a specified time
  • `selector` - Wait for a specified CSS selector to appear
  • `function` - Wait for a specified function to return true
 The value corresponding to the selected mode:
  • For `timeout`: Number of milliseconds to wait (maximum: 60000)
  • For `selector`: CSS selector to wait for (e.g., "h2.title")
  • For `function`: JavaScript function as a string (e.g., "() => document.querySelector('h2')")
 Cookies to set for the page request Cookie name Cookie value The URL to associate with the cookie (either `url` or `domain` is required) Cookie domain (either `url` or `domain` is required) Whether the cookie is secure (HTTPS only) Whether the cookie is HTTP-only Whether the cookie is same-party Cookie expiration timestamp Cookie priority: "Low", "Medium", or "High" Predefined screen size preset (e.g., "HD", "FHD", "4K UHD") Whether to emulate a mobile device viewport Device scale factor (minimum: 1) Viewport width in pixels Viewport height in pixels Whether to force proxy rotation for each request (incurs additional costs) Bring-your-own-proxy configuration Proxy server URL (e.g., "[https://username:password@proxy.example.com:8080](https://username:password@proxy.example.com:8080)") Authentication credentials (optional if included in server URL) Proxy username Proxy password ## Response Structure Indicates whether the call was successful The current page position when paginating through results The total number of pages available A map of element prompt keys to arrays of extracted text content from matched elements A map of element prompt keys to arrays of CSS selectors that were used to find matching elements Detailed scrape data from the page The element prompt this data relates to The CSS selector used to find this element Array of matched elements with their details The HTML content of the matched element The text content of the matched element Array of HTML attributes on the matched element The attribute name The attribute value Links detected on the page The URL of the link The text description of the link The type of link, e.g., "a" for anchor links or "img" for image links Captured browser data if enabled in advance\_config Console logs captured during scraping Network requests captured during scraping Cookies captured during scraping ```javascript Javascript import { JigsawStack } from "jigsawstack"; const jigsaw = JigsawStack({ apiKey: "your-api-key" }); const response = await jigsaw.web.ai_scrape({ "url": "https://news.ycombinator.com/news", "element_prompts": [ "titles", "points" ] }) ``` ```python Python from jigsawstack import JigsawStack jigsaw = JigsawStack(api_key="your-api-key") response = jigsaw.web.ai_scrape({ "url": "https://news.ycombinator.com/news", "element_prompts": [ "titles", "points" ] }) ``` ```bash Curl curl https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/ai/scrape \ -X POST \ -H 'Content-Type: application/json' \ -H 'x-api-key: your-api-key' \ -d '{"url":"https://news.ycombinator.com/news","element_prompts":["titles","points"]}' ``` ```php PHP 'https://news.ycombinator.com/news', 'element_prompts' => [ 'titles', 'points' ] }.to_json req_options = { use_ssl: uri.scheme == 'https' } res = Net::HTTP.start(uri.hostname, uri.port, req_options) do |http| http.request(req) end ``` ```go Go package main import ( "fmt" "io" "log" "net/http" "strings" ) func main() { client := &http.Client{} var data = strings.NewReader(`{"url":"https://news.ycombinator.com/news","element_prompts":["titles","points"]}`) req, err := http.NewRequest("POST", "https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/ai/scrape", data) if err != nil { log.Fatal(err) } req.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/json") req.Header.Set("x-api-key", "your-api-key") resp, err := client.Do(req) if err != nil { log.Fatal(err) } defer resp.Body.Close() bodyText, err := io.ReadAll(resp.Body) if err != nil { log.Fatal(err) } fmt.Printf("%s\n", bodyText) } ``` ```java Java import java.io.IOException; import java.net.URI; import java.net.http.HttpClient; import java.net.http.HttpRequest; import java.net.http.HttpRequest.BodyPublishers; import java.net.http.HttpResponse; HttpClient client = HttpClient.newHttpClient(); HttpRequest request = HttpRequest.newBuilder() .uri(URI.create("https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/ai/scrape")) .POST(BodyPublishers.ofString("{\"url\":\"https://news.ycombinator.com/news\",\"element_prompts\":[\"titles\",\"points\"]}")) .setHeader("Content-Type", "application/json") .setHeader("x-api-key", "your-api-key") .build(); HttpResponse response = client.send(request, HttpResponse.BodyHandlers.ofString()); ``` ```swift Swift import Foundation let jsonData = [ "url": "https://news.ycombinator.com/news", "element_prompts": [ "titles", "points" ] ] as [String : Any] let data = try! JSONSerialization.data(withJSONObject: jsonData, options: []) let url = URL(string: "https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/ai/scrape")! let headers = [ "Content-Type": "application/json", "x-api-key": "your-api-key" ] var request = URLRequest(url: url) request.httpMethod = "POST" request.allHTTPHeaderFields = headers request.httpBody = data as Data let task = URLSession.shared.dataTask(with: request) { (data, response, error) in if let error = error { print(error) } else if let data = data { let str = String(data: data, encoding: .utf8) print(str ?? "") } } task.resume() ``` ```dart Dart import 'package:http/http.dart' as http; void main() async { final headers = { 'Content-Type': 'application/json', 'x-api-key': 'your-api-key', }; final data = '{"url":"https://news.ycombinator.com/news","element_prompts":["titles","points"]}'; final url = Uri.parse('https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/ai/scrape'); final res = await http.post(url, headers: headers, body: data); final status = res.statusCode; if (status != 200) throw Exception('http.post error: statusCode= $status'); print(res.body); } ``` ```kotlin Kotlin import java.io.IOException import okhttp3.MediaType.Companion.toMediaType import okhttp3.OkHttpClient import okhttp3.Request import okhttp3.RequestBody.Companion.toRequestBody val client = OkHttpClient() val MEDIA_TYPE = "application/json".toMediaType() val requestBody = "{\"url\":\"https://news.ycombinator.com/news\",\"element_prompts\":[\"titles\",\"points\"]}" val request = Request.Builder() .url("https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/ai/scrape") .post(requestBody.toRequestBody(MEDIA_TYPE)) .header("Content-Type", "application/json") .header("x-api-key", "your-api-key") .build() client.newCall(request).execute().use { response -> if (!response.isSuccessful) throw IOException("Unexpected code $response") response.body!!.string() } ``` ```csharp C# using System.Net.Http; using System.Net.Http.Headers; HttpClient client = new HttpClient(); HttpRequestMessage request = new HttpRequestMessage(HttpMethod.Post, "https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/ai/scrape"); request.Headers.Add("x-api-key", "your-api-key"); request.Content = new StringContent("{\"url\":\"https://news.ycombinator.com/news\",\"element_prompts\":[\"titles\",\"points\"]}"); request.Content.Headers.ContentType = new MediaTypeHeaderValue("application/json"); HttpResponseMessage response = await client.SendAsync(request); response.EnsureSuccessStatusCode(); string responseBody = await response.Content.ReadAsStringAsync(); ``` ```json Response { "page_position": 1, "page_position_length": 1, "context": { "titles": [ "Postgres IDE in VS Code", "Find Your People", "LLM Judges Are Unreliable", "Into The Tunnel: The secret life of wind tunnels", "Beyond Semantics: Unreasonable Effectiveness of Reasonless Intermediate Tokens", "Caesar's Last Breath", "You Don't Need Re-Ranking: Understanding the Superlinked Vector Layer", "The metre originated in the French Revolution", "Sesame Scheme: Unintended Consequences of Allergen Food Labeling", "Show HN: Samchika – A Java Library for Fast, Multithreaded File Processing", "Why I no longer have an old-school cert on my HTTPS site", "Remembering Alasdair MacIntyre", "Designing type inference for high quality type errors", "Slime (2021)", "Writing A Job Runner (In Elixir) (Again) (10 years later)", "MCP is the coming of Web 2.0 2.0", "The Curious Case of the Pygmy Nuthatch", "John Carmack talk at Upper Bound 2025", "Satellites Spotting Depth", "Tallest Wooden Wind Turbine", 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"html": "42 points", "text": "42 points", "attributes": [ { "name": "class", "value": "score" }, { "name": "id", "value": "score_44074111" } ] }, { "html": "82 points", "text": "82 points", "attributes": [ { "name": "class", "value": "score" }, { "name": "id", "value": "score_44073185" } ] }, { "html": "10 points", "text": "10 points", "attributes": [ { "name": "class", "value": "score" }, { "name": "id", "value": "score_44074531" } ] }, { "html": "28 points", "text": "28 points", "attributes": [ { "name": "class", "value": "score" }, { "name": "id", "value": "score_44073867" } ] }, { "html": "14 points", "text": "14 points", "attributes": [ { "name": "class", "value": "score" }, { "name": "id", "value": "score_44074487" } ] }, { "html": "35 points", "text": "35 points", "attributes": [ { "name": "class", "value": "score" }, { "name": "id", "value": "score_44072788" } ] }, { "html": "127 points", "text": "127 points", "attributes": [ { "name": "class", "value": "score" }, { "name": "id", "value": "score_44071690" } ] }, { "html": "100 points", "text": "100 points", "attributes": [ { "name": "class", "value": "score" }, { "name": "id", "value": "score_44071900" } ] }, { "html": "31 points", "text": "31 points", "attributes": [ { "name": "class", "value": "score" }, { "name": "id", "value": "score_44032995" } ] }, { "html": "15 points", "text": "15 points", "attributes": [ { "name": "class", "value": "score" }, { "name": "id", "value": "score_44073870" } ] }, { "html": "87 points", "text": "87 points", "attributes": [ { "name": "class", "value": "score" }, { "name": "id", "value": "score_44071610" } ] }, { "html": "85 points", "text": "85 points", "attributes": [ { "name": "class", "value": "score" }, { "name": "id", "value": "score_44073785" } ] }, { "html": "100 points", "text": "100 points", "attributes": [ { "name": "class", "value": "score" }, { "name": "id", "value": "score_44050465" } ] }, { "html": "391 points", "text": "391 points", "attributes": [ { "name": "class", "value": "score" }, { "name": "id", "value": "score_44070042" } ] }, { "html": "82 points", "text": "82 points", "attributes": [ { "name": "class", "value": "score" }, { "name": "id", "value": "score_44049926" } ] }, { "html": "142 points", "text": "142 points", "attributes": [ { "name": "class", "value": "score" }, { "name": "id", "value": "score_44027471" } ] }, { "html": "66 points", "text": "66 points", "attributes": [ { "name": "class", "value": "score" }, { "name": "id", "value": "score_44031082" } ] }, { "html": "7 points", "text": "7 points", "attributes": [ { "name": "class", "value": "score" }, { "name": "id", "value": "score_44033249" } ] }, { "html": "23 points", "text": "23 points", "attributes": [ { "name": "class", "value": "score" }, { "name": "id", "value": "score_44031755" } ] }, { "html": "363 points", "text": "363 points", "attributes": [ { "name": "class", "value": "score" }, { "name": "id", "value": "score_44067409" } ] }, { "html": "37 points", "text": "37 points", "attributes": [ { "name": "class", "value": "score" }, { "name": "id", "value": "score_44048574" } ] }, { "html": "97 points", "text": "97 points", "attributes": [ { "name": "class", "value": "score" }, { "name": "id", "value": "score_44070532" } ] }, { "html": "520 points", "text": "520 points", "attributes": [ { "name": "class", "value": "score" }, { "name": "id", "value": "score_44063248" } ] }, { "html": "44 points", "text": "44 points", "attributes": [ { "name": "class", "value": "score" }, { "name": "id", "value": "score_44045617" } ] }, { "html": "1924 points", "text": "1924 points", "attributes": [ { "name": "class", "value": "score" }, { "name": "id", "value": "score_44063703" } ] }, { "html": "112 points", "text": "112 points", "attributes": [ { "name": "class", "value": "score" }, { "name": "id", "value": "score_44072971" } ] } ], "key": "points" } ], "success": true, "advance_config": { "console": [], "network": [], "cookies": [] }, "_usage": { "input_tokens": 21, "output_tokens": 23162, "inference_time_tokens": 15378, "total_tokens": 38561 } } ``` # Sentiment Source: https://jigsawstack.com/docs/api-reference/ai/sentiment POST https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/ai/sentiment Perform line by line sentiment analysis on any text with detailed emotion detection. ## Request Parameters ### Body The text content to analyze for sentiment and emotion. ## Response Structure Indicates whether the call was successful. Contains the sentiment analysis results. The overall emotional tone of the text. Supported emotions include: `anger` `fear` `sadness` `happiness` `anxiety` `disgust` `embarrassment` `love` `surprise` `shame` `envy` `satisfaction` `self-confidence` `annoyance` `boredom` `hatred` `compassion` `guilt` `loneliness` `depression` `pride` `neutral` The overall sentiment classification, typically "positive", "negative", or "neutral". Numerical score representing the sentiment intensity, typically on a scale from 0 to 1, where higher values indicate more positive sentiment. Detailed sentiment analysis broken down by individual sentences. The sentence text. The emotional tone detected in this specific sentence (same supported emotions as above). The sentiment classification for this specific sentence. Numerical sentiment score for this specific sentence. ```javascript Javascript import { JigsawStack } from "jigsawstack"; const jigsaw = JigsawStack({ apiKey: "your-api-key" }); const response = await jigsaw.sentiment({ "text": "I love this product! It's amazing but the delivery was a bit late." }) ``` ```python Python from jigsawstack import JigsawStack jigsaw = JigsawStack(api_key="your-api-key") response = jigsaw.sentiment({ "text": "I love this product! It's amazing but the delivery was a bit late." }) ``` ```bash Curl curl https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/ai/sentiment \ -X POST \ -H 'Content-Type: application/json' \ -H 'x-api-key: your-api-key' \ -d '{"text":"I love this product! It\'s amazing but the delivery was a bit late."}' ``` ```php PHP response = client.send(request, HttpResponse.BodyHandlers.ofString()); ``` ```swift Swift import Foundation let url = URL(string: "https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/ai/sentiment")! let headers = [ "Content-Type": "application/json", "x-api-key": "your-api-key" ] var request = URLRequest(url: url) request.httpMethod = "POST" request.allHTTPHeaderFields = headers request.httpBody = "{\"text\":\"I love this product! It\\s".data(using: .utf8) let task = URLSession.shared.dataTask(with: request) { (data, response, error) in if let error = error { print(error) } else if let data = data { let str = String(data: data, encoding: .utf8) print(str ?? "") } } task.resume() ``` ```dart Dart import 'package:http/http.dart' as http; void main() async { final headers = { 'Content-Type': 'application/json', 'x-api-key': 'your-api-key', }; final data = '{"text":"I love this product! It\\s'; final url = Uri.parse('https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/ai/sentiment'); final res = await http.post(url, headers: headers, body: data); final status = res.statusCode; if (status != 200) throw Exception('http.post error: statusCode= $status'); print(res.body); } ``` ```kotlin Kotlin import java.io.IOException import okhttp3.MediaType.Companion.toMediaType import okhttp3.OkHttpClient import okhttp3.Request import okhttp3.RequestBody.Companion.toRequestBody val client = OkHttpClient() val MEDIA_TYPE = "application/json".toMediaType() val requestBody = "{\"text\":\"I love this product! It\\s" val request = Request.Builder() .url("https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/ai/sentiment") .post(requestBody.toRequestBody(MEDIA_TYPE)) .header("Content-Type", "application/json") .header("x-api-key", "your-api-key") .build() client.newCall(request).execute().use { response -> if (!response.isSuccessful) throw IOException("Unexpected code $response") response.body!!.string() } ``` ```csharp C# using System.Net.Http; using System.Net.Http.Headers; HttpClient client = new HttpClient(); HttpRequestMessage request = new HttpRequestMessage(HttpMethod.Post, "https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/ai/sentiment"); request.Headers.Add("x-api-key", "your-api-key"); request.Content = new StringContent("{\"text\":\"I love this product! It\\s"); request.Content.Headers.ContentType = new MediaTypeHeaderValue("application/json"); HttpResponseMessage response = await client.SendAsync(request); response.EnsureSuccessStatusCode(); string responseBody = await response.Content.ReadAsStringAsync(); ``` ```json Response { "success": true, "sentiment": { "emotion": "love", "sentiment": "positive", "score": 0.85, "sentences": [ { "text": "I love this product!", "emotion": "love", "sentiment": "positive", "score": 0.9 }, { "text": "It's amazing but the delivery was a bit late.", "emotion": "satisfaction", "sentiment": "positive", "score": 0.8 } ] }, "_usage": { "input_tokens": 20, "output_tokens": 75, "inference_time_tokens": 2446, "total_tokens": 2541 } } ``` # Spam Check Source: https://jigsawstack.com/docs/api-reference/ai/spam-check POST https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/validate/spam_check Perform spam check analysis on a given text in seconds. ### Body The text to check for spam. The `text` parameter supports two types:
  • `string` - `{"text":"Your text here"}`
  • `Array` - `{"text":["Text 1", "Text 2"]}`
 ### Response Indicates whether the call was successful. Indicates whether the text is spam. If the text is not spam, this will be false. Default is true. The spam score of the text. Default is 0. The lower the score, the less likely it will be spam ```javascript Javascript import { JigsawStack } from "jigsawstack"; const jigsaw = JigsawStack({ apiKey: "your-api-key" }); const response = await jigsaw.validate.spam_check({ "text": "Congratulations! You've won a free iPhone! Click here to claim now!" }) ``` ```python Python from jigsawstack import JigsawStack jigsaw = JigsawStack(api_key="your-api-key") response = jigsaw.validate.spam_check({ "text": "Congratulations! You've won a free iPhone! Click here to claim now!" }) ``` ```bash Curl curl https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/validate/spam_check \ -X POST \ -H 'Content-Type: application/json' \ -H 'x-api-key: your-api-key' \ -d '{"text":"Congratulations! You\'ve won a free iPhone! Click here to claim now!"}' ``` ```php PHP response = client.send(request, HttpResponse.BodyHandlers.ofString()); ``` ```swift Swift import Foundation let url = URL(string: "https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/validate/spam_check")! let headers = [ "Content-Type": "application/json", "x-api-key": "your-api-key" ] var request = URLRequest(url: url) request.httpMethod = "POST" request.allHTTPHeaderFields = headers request.httpBody = "{\"text\":\"Congratulations! You\\ve".data(using: .utf8) let task = URLSession.shared.dataTask(with: request) { (data, response, error) in if let error = error { print(error) } else if let data = data { let str = String(data: data, encoding: .utf8) print(str ?? "") } } task.resume() ``` ```dart Dart import 'package:http/http.dart' as http; void main() async { final headers = { 'Content-Type': 'application/json', 'x-api-key': 'your-api-key', }; final data = '{"text":"Congratulations! You\\ve'; final url = Uri.parse('https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/validate/spam_check'); final res = await http.post(url, headers: headers, body: data); final status = res.statusCode; if (status != 200) throw Exception('http.post error: statusCode= $status'); print(res.body); } ``` ```kotlin Kotlin import java.io.IOException import okhttp3.MediaType.Companion.toMediaType import okhttp3.OkHttpClient import okhttp3.Request import okhttp3.RequestBody.Companion.toRequestBody val client = OkHttpClient() val MEDIA_TYPE = "application/json".toMediaType() val requestBody = "{\"text\":\"Congratulations! You\\ve" val request = Request.Builder() .url("https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/validate/spam_check") .post(requestBody.toRequestBody(MEDIA_TYPE)) .header("Content-Type", "application/json") .header("x-api-key", "your-api-key") .build() client.newCall(request).execute().use { response -> if (!response.isSuccessful) throw IOException("Unexpected code $response") response.body!!.string() } ``` ```csharp C# using System.Net.Http; using System.Net.Http.Headers; HttpClient client = new HttpClient(); HttpRequestMessage request = new HttpRequestMessage(HttpMethod.Post, "https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/validate/spam_check"); request.Headers.Add("x-api-key", "your-api-key"); request.Content = new StringContent("{\"text\":\"Congratulations! You\\ve"); request.Content.Headers.ContentType = new MediaTypeHeaderValue("application/json"); HttpResponseMessage response = await client.SendAsync(request); response.EnsureSuccessStatusCode(); string responseBody = await response.Content.ReadAsStringAsync(); ``` ```json Response { "success": true, "check": { "score": 0.95, "is_spam": true }, "_usage": { "input_tokens": 20, "output_tokens": 14, "inference_time_tokens": 707, "total_tokens": 741 } } ``` # Speech to Text Source: https://jigsawstack.com/docs/api-reference/ai/speech-to-text POST https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/ai/transcribe Transcribe video and audio files with ease leveraging Whisper large V3 AI model. ## Supported Formats and Limitations * **Supported formats:** MP3, WAV, M4A, FLAC, AAC, OGG, WEBM * **Maximum file size:** 100MB * **Maximum audio duration:** 4 hours ## Request Parameters ### Body The video/audio url. Not required if `file_store_key` is specified. The key used to store the video/audio file on Jigsawstack File [Storage](/docs/api-reference/store/file/add). Not required if `url` is specified. Either `url` or `file_store_key` should be provided, not both. The language to transcribe or translate the file into. If not specified, the model will automatically detect the language and transcribe accordingly. All supported language codes can be found [here](https://jigsawstack.com/docs/additional-resources/languages). When set to true, translates the content into English (or the specified language if `language` parameter is provided). All supported language codes can be found [here](https://jigsawstack.com/docs/additional-resources/languages). Identifies and separates different speakers in the audio file. When enabled, the response will include a `speakers` array with speaker-segmented transcripts. Webhook URL to send result to. When provided, the API will process asynchronously and send results to this URL when completed. The batch size to return. Maximum value is 40. This controls how the audio is chunked for processing. ## Response Structure ### Direct Response Indicates whether the call was successful. The complete transcribed text from the audio/video file. An array of transcript chunks with timestamps. Array containing start and end time in seconds for the chunk. The transcribed text for this time segment. Only present when `by_speaker` is set to true. Contains speaker-segmented transcripts. The speaker identifier (e.g., "Speaker 1"). Array containing start and end time in seconds for this segment. The transcribed text spoken by this speaker. ### Webhook Response When using `webhook_url`, the initial response will be different: Indicates whether the request was successfully queued. Will be "processing" when the transcription job is queued successfully. A unique identifier for the transcription job. The complete transcription result will later be sent to your webhook URL with the same structure as the direct response. ## Advanced Features ### Speaker Diarization Speaker diarization is the process of separating an audio stream into segments according to the identity of each speaker. When you enable the `by_speaker` parameter, the API will: 1. Transcribe the audio as usual 2. Identify distinct speakers in the recording 3. Label each segment with a speaker identifier (e.g., "SPEAKER\_1", "SPEAKER\_2") 4. Return both the standard chunks and a separate `speakers` array with speaker-separated transcriptions This is particularly useful for: * Meeting transcriptions * Interview transcriptions * Podcast transcriptions * Any multi-speaker audio content ### Webhook Usage For long audio files, processing might take some time. Instead of keeping the connection open and waiting for the result, you can provide a `webhook_url` parameter. The API will: 1. Return immediately with a job ID 2. Process the audio asynchronously 3. Send the complete transcription results to your webhook URL when finished Make sure your webhook endpoint is set up to: * Accept POST requests * Parse JSON content * Handle the same response format as the standard API response ```javascript Javascript import { JigsawStack } from "jigsawstack"; const jigsaw = JigsawStack({ apiKey: "your-api-key" }); const response = await jigsaw.audio.speech_to_text({ "url": "https://jigsawstack.com/preview/stt-example.wav" }) ``` ```python Python from jigsawstack import JigsawStack jigsaw = JigsawStack(api_key="your-api-key") response = jigsaw.audio.speech_to_text({ "url": "https://jigsawstack.com/preview/stt-example.wav" }) ``` ```bash Curl curl https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/ai/transcribe \ -X POST \ -H 'Content-Type: application/json' \ -H 'x-api-key: your-api-key' \ -d '{"url":"https://jigsawstack.com/preview/stt-example.wav"}' ``` ```php PHP 'https://jigsawstack.com/preview/stt-example.wav' }.to_json req_options = { use_ssl: uri.scheme == 'https' } res = Net::HTTP.start(uri.hostname, uri.port, req_options) do |http| http.request(req) end ``` ```go Go package main import ( "fmt" "io" "log" "net/http" "strings" ) func main() { client := &http.Client{} var data = strings.NewReader(`{"url":"https://jigsawstack.com/preview/stt-example.wav"}`) req, err := http.NewRequest("POST", "https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/ai/transcribe", data) if err != nil { log.Fatal(err) } req.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/json") req.Header.Set("x-api-key", "your-api-key") resp, err := client.Do(req) if err != nil { log.Fatal(err) } defer resp.Body.Close() bodyText, err := io.ReadAll(resp.Body) if err != nil { log.Fatal(err) } fmt.Printf("%s\n", bodyText) } ``` ```java Java import java.io.IOException; import java.net.URI; import java.net.http.HttpClient; import java.net.http.HttpRequest; import java.net.http.HttpRequest.BodyPublishers; import java.net.http.HttpResponse; HttpClient client = HttpClient.newHttpClient(); HttpRequest request = HttpRequest.newBuilder() .uri(URI.create("https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/ai/transcribe")) .POST(BodyPublishers.ofString("{\"url\":\"https://jigsawstack.com/preview/stt-example.wav\"}")) .setHeader("Content-Type", "application/json") .setHeader("x-api-key", "your-api-key") .build(); HttpResponse response = client.send(request, HttpResponse.BodyHandlers.ofString()); ``` ```swift Swift import Foundation let jsonData = [ "url": "https://jigsawstack.com/preview/stt-example.wav" ] as [String : Any] let data = try! JSONSerialization.data(withJSONObject: jsonData, options: []) let url = URL(string: "https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/ai/transcribe")! let headers = [ "Content-Type": "application/json", "x-api-key": "your-api-key" ] var request = URLRequest(url: url) request.httpMethod = "POST" request.allHTTPHeaderFields = headers request.httpBody = data as Data let task = URLSession.shared.dataTask(with: request) { (data, response, error) in if let error = error { print(error) } else if let data = data { let str = String(data: data, encoding: .utf8) print(str ?? "") } } task.resume() ``` ```dart Dart import 'package:http/http.dart' as http; void main() async { final headers = { 'Content-Type': 'application/json', 'x-api-key': 'your-api-key', }; final data = '{"url":"https://jigsawstack.com/preview/stt-example.wav"}'; final url = Uri.parse('https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/ai/transcribe'); final res = await http.post(url, headers: headers, body: data); final status = res.statusCode; if (status != 200) throw Exception('http.post error: statusCode= $status'); print(res.body); } ``` ```kotlin Kotlin import java.io.IOException import okhttp3.MediaType.Companion.toMediaType import okhttp3.OkHttpClient import okhttp3.Request import okhttp3.RequestBody.Companion.toRequestBody val client = OkHttpClient() val MEDIA_TYPE = "application/json".toMediaType() val requestBody = "{\"url\":\"https://jigsawstack.com/preview/stt-example.wav\"}" val request = Request.Builder() .url("https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/ai/transcribe") .post(requestBody.toRequestBody(MEDIA_TYPE)) .header("Content-Type", "application/json") .header("x-api-key", "your-api-key") .build() client.newCall(request).execute().use { response -> if (!response.isSuccessful) throw IOException("Unexpected code $response") response.body!!.string() } ``` ```csharp C# using System.Net.Http; using System.Net.Http.Headers; HttpClient client = new HttpClient(); HttpRequestMessage request = new HttpRequestMessage(HttpMethod.Post, "https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/ai/transcribe"); request.Headers.Add("x-api-key", "your-api-key"); request.Content = new StringContent("{\"url\":\"https://jigsawstack.com/preview/stt-example.wav\"}"); request.Content.Headers.ContentType = new MediaTypeHeaderValue("application/json"); HttpResponseMessage response = await client.SendAsync(request); response.EnsureSuccessStatusCode(); string responseBody = await response.Content.ReadAsStringAsync(); ``` ```json Response { "success": true, "text": " The little tales they tell are false The door was barred, locked and bolted as well Ripe pears are fit for a queen's table A big wet stain was on the round carpet The kite dipped and swayed but stayed aloft The pleasant hours fly by much too soon The room was crowded with a mild wob The room was crowded with a wild mob This strong arm shall shield your honour She blushed when he gave her a white orchid The beetle droned in the hot June sun", "chunks": [ { "timestamp": [ 0, 2.39 ], "text": " The little tales" }, { "timestamp": [ 2.39, 4.78 ], "text": "they tell are false" }, { "timestamp": [ 4.78, 7.130000000000001 ], "text": " The door was barred," }, { "timestamp": [ 7.130000000000001, 9.48 ], "text": "locked and bolted as well" }, { "timestamp": [ 9.48, 11.27 ], "text": " Ripe pears are fit" }, { "timestamp": [ 11.27, 13.06 ], "text": "for a queen's table" }, { "timestamp": [ 13.06, 15.149999999999999 ], "text": " A big wet stain" }, { "timestamp": [ 15.149999999999999, 17.24 ], "text": "was on the round carpet" }, { "timestamp": [ 17.24, 19.509999999999998 ], "text": " The kite dipped and" }, { "timestamp": [ 19.509999999999998, 21.78 ], "text": "swayed but stayed aloft" }, { "timestamp": [ 21.78, 24.04 ], "text": " The pleasant hours fly" }, { "timestamp": [ 24.04, 26.3 ], "text": "by much too soon" }, { "timestamp": [ 26.3, 28.53 ], "text": " The room was crowded" }, { "timestamp": [ 28.53, 30.76 ], "text": "with a mild wob" }, { "timestamp": [ 30.76, 32.92 ], "text": " The room was crowded" }, { "timestamp": [ 32.92, 35.08 ], "text": "with a wild mob" }, { "timestamp": [ 35.08, 37.16 ], "text": " This strong arm" }, { "timestamp": [ 37.16, 39.24 ], "text": "shall shield your honour" }, { "timestamp": [ 39.24, 41.59 ], "text": " She blushed when he" }, { "timestamp": [ 41.59, 43.94 ], "text": "gave her a white orchid" }, { "timestamp": [ 43.94, 46.22 ], "text": " The beetle droned in" }, { "timestamp": [ 46.22, 48.5 ], "text": "the hot June sun" } ], "_usage": { "input_tokens": 8, "output_tokens": 227, "inference_time_tokens": 995, "total_tokens": 1230 } } ``` # Summary Source: https://jigsawstack.com/docs/api-reference/ai/summary POST https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/ai/summary Generate concise, intelligent summaries of text or documents with AI ## Request Parameters ### Body The text content to summarize. Maximum 300,000 characters. Not required if `url` or `file_store_key` is specified. The `text` parameter supports two formats: * Single string: `{"text":"Your long text here"}` * Array of strings: `{"text":["Long text 1", "Long text 2"]}` URL of a PDF document to summarize. Not required if `text` or `file_store_key` is provided. The key of a stored PDF document to summarize from Jigsawstack File [Storage](/docs/api-reference/store/file/add). Not required if `text` or `url` is provided. The format of the summary: - `text`: Returns a continuous paragraph summary - `points`: Returns bullet points as an array of strings The maximum number of bullet points to generate when `type` is set to `points`. Maximum value is 100. The maximum number of characters in the generated summary. ## Response Structure The response structure varies based on the `type` parameter: ### When `type` is "text" (default) Indicates whether the call was successful. The generated summary as a continuous paragraph. ### When `type` is "points" Indicates whether the call was successful. An array of strings, where each string represents a bullet point in the summary. ```javascript Javascript import { JigsawStack } from "jigsawstack"; const jigsaw = JigsawStack({ apiKey: "your-api-key" }); const response = await jigsaw.summary({ "text": "The Leaning Tower of Pisa, or simply, the Tower of Pisa, is the campanile, or freestanding bell tower, of Pisa Cathedral. It is situated behind the Cathedral and is the third-oldest structure in the city's Cathedral Square, after the Cathedral and the Baptistry. The tower's tilt began during construction in the 12th century, caused by an inadequate foundation on ground too soft on one side to properly support the structure's weight. The tilt increased in the decades before the structure was completed in the 14th century. It gradually increased until the structure was stabilized by efforts in the late 20th and early 21st centuries. The height of the tower is 55.86 metres (183.27 feet) from the ground on the low side and 56.67 metres (185.93 feet) on the high side. The width of the walls at the base is 2.44 m (8 ft 0.06 in). Its weight is estimated at 14,500 tonnes. The tower has 296 or 294 steps; the seventh floor has two fewer steps on the north-facing staircase.", "type": "points", "max_points": 3 }) ``` ```python Python from jigsawstack import JigsawStack jigsaw = JigsawStack(api_key="your-api-key") response = jigsaw.summary({ "text": "The Leaning Tower of Pisa, or simply, the Tower of Pisa, is the campanile, or freestanding bell tower, of Pisa Cathedral. It is situated behind the Cathedral and is the third-oldest structure in the city's Cathedral Square, after the Cathedral and the Baptistry. The tower's tilt began during construction in the 12th century, caused by an inadequate foundation on ground too soft on one side to properly support the structure's weight. The tilt increased in the decades before the structure was completed in the 14th century. It gradually increased until the structure was stabilized by efforts in the late 20th and early 21st centuries. The height of the tower is 55.86 metres (183.27 feet) from the ground on the low side and 56.67 metres (185.93 feet) on the high side. The width of the walls at the base is 2.44 m (8 ft 0.06 in). Its weight is estimated at 14,500 tonnes. The tower has 296 or 294 steps; the seventh floor has two fewer steps on the north-facing staircase.", "type": "points", "max_points": 3 }) ``` ```bash Curl curl https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/ai/summary \ -X POST \ -H 'Content-Type: application/json' \ -H 'x-api-key: your-api-key' \ -d '{"text":"The Leaning Tower of Pisa, or simply, the Tower of Pisa, is the campanile, or freestanding bell tower, of Pisa Cathedral. It is situated behind the Cathedral and is the third-oldest structure in the city\'s Cathedral Square, after the Cathedral and the Baptistry. The tower\'s tilt began during construction in the 12th century, caused by an inadequate foundation on ground too soft on one side to properly support the structure\'s weight. The tilt increased in the decades before the structure was completed in the 14th century. It gradually increased until the structure was stabilized by efforts in the late 20th and early 21st centuries. The height of the tower is 55.86 metres \(183.27 feet\) from the ground on the low side and 56.67 metres \(185.93 feet\) on the high side. The width of the walls at the base is 2.44 m \(8 ft 0.06 in\). Its weight is estimated at 14,500 tonnes. The tower has 296 or 294 steps\; the seventh floor has two fewer steps on the north-facing staircase.","type":"points","max_points":3}' ``` ```php PHP response = client.send(request, HttpResponse.BodyHandlers.ofString()); ``` ```swift Swift import Foundation let url = URL(string: "https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/ai/summary")! let headers = [ "Content-Type": "application/json", "x-api-key": "your-api-key" ] var request = URLRequest(url: url) request.httpMethod = "POST" request.allHTTPHeaderFields = headers request.httpBody = "{\"text\":\"The Leaning Tower of Pisa, or simply, the Tower of Pisa, is the campanile, or freestanding bell tower, of Pisa Cathedral. It is situated behind the Cathedral and is the third-oldest structure in the city\\s".data(using: .utf8) let task = URLSession.shared.dataTask(with: request) { (data, response, error) in if let error = error { print(error) } else if let data = data { let str = String(data: data, encoding: .utf8) print(str ?? "") } } task.resume() ``` ```dart Dart import 'package:http/http.dart' as http; void main() async { final headers = { 'Content-Type': 'application/json', 'x-api-key': 'your-api-key', }; final data = '{"text":"The Leaning Tower of Pisa, or simply, the Tower of Pisa, is the campanile, or freestanding bell tower, of Pisa Cathedral. It is situated behind the Cathedral and is the third-oldest structure in the city\\s'; final url = Uri.parse('https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/ai/summary'); final res = await http.post(url, headers: headers, body: data); final status = res.statusCode; if (status != 200) throw Exception('http.post error: statusCode= $status'); print(res.body); } ``` ```kotlin Kotlin import java.io.IOException import okhttp3.MediaType.Companion.toMediaType import okhttp3.OkHttpClient import okhttp3.Request import okhttp3.RequestBody.Companion.toRequestBody val client = OkHttpClient() val MEDIA_TYPE = "application/json".toMediaType() val requestBody = "{\"text\":\"The Leaning Tower of Pisa, or simply, the Tower of Pisa, is the campanile, or freestanding bell tower, of Pisa Cathedral. It is situated behind the Cathedral and is the third-oldest structure in the city\\s" val request = Request.Builder() .url("https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/ai/summary") .post(requestBody.toRequestBody(MEDIA_TYPE)) .header("Content-Type", "application/json") .header("x-api-key", "your-api-key") .build() client.newCall(request).execute().use { response -> if (!response.isSuccessful) throw IOException("Unexpected code $response") response.body!!.string() } ``` ```csharp C# using System.Net.Http; using System.Net.Http.Headers; HttpClient client = new HttpClient(); HttpRequestMessage request = new HttpRequestMessage(HttpMethod.Post, "https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/ai/summary"); request.Headers.Add("x-api-key", "your-api-key"); request.Content = new StringContent("{\"text\":\"The Leaning Tower of Pisa, or simply, the Tower of Pisa, is the campanile, or freestanding bell tower, of Pisa Cathedral. It is situated behind the Cathedral and is the third-oldest structure in the city\\s"); request.Content.Headers.ContentType = new MediaTypeHeaderValue("application/json"); HttpResponseMessage response = await client.SendAsync(request); response.EnsureSuccessStatusCode(); string responseBody = await response.Content.ReadAsStringAsync(); ``` ```json Response { "success": true, "summary": [ "The Leaning Tower of Pisa is the bell tower of Pisa Cathedral, one of the oldest structures in the city's cathedral square.", "Its tilt began during construction due to an unstable foundation, worsening over time before stabilization in the late 20th and early 21st centuries.", "The tower stands at approximately 56 meters tall and weighs approximately 14,500 tonnes." ], "_usage": { "input_tokens": 256, "output_tokens": 100, "inference_time_tokens": 1113, "total_tokens": 1469 } } ``` # Text to SQL Source: https://jigsawstack.com/docs/api-reference/ai/text-to-sql POST https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/ai/sql Convert natural language to SQL queries for various database types. ## Request Parameters ### Body The natural language prompt that will be translated to an SQL query. Minimum length: 10 characters The database schema where the query will be run. Not required if `file_store_key` is specified. The database type to generate SQL for. Supported values are `postgresql`, `mysql`, or `sqlite`. Specifying this parameter improves SQL generation accuracy by applying database-specific syntax and optimizations. The key used to store the database schema on Jigsawstack file [Storage](/docs/api-reference/store/file/add). Not required if `sql_schema` is specified. Either `file_store_key` or `sql_schema` can be provided not both. ## Response Structure Indicates whether the call was successful. The generated SQL query based on the natural language prompt and provided schema. ```javascript Javascript import { JigsawStack } from "jigsawstack"; const jigsaw = JigsawStack({ apiKey: "your-api-key" }); const response = await jigsaw.text_to_sql({ "database": "postgresql", "prompt": "Find all transactions with amounts exceeding $10,000, sorted by transaction date", "sql_schema": "\n CREATE TABLE Transactions (\n transaction_id INT PRIMARY KEY, \n user_id INT NOT NULL,\n total_amount DECIMAL(10, 2) NOT NULL, \n transaction_date TIMESTAMP DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,\n status VARCHAR(20) DEFAULT 'pending',\n FOREIGN KEY(user_id) REFERENCES Users(user_id)\n )\n " }) ``` ```python Python from jigsawstack import JigsawStack jigsaw = JigsawStack(api_key="your-api-key") response = jigsaw.text_to_sql({ "database": "postgresql", "prompt": "Find all transactions with amounts exceeding $10,000, sorted by transaction date", "sql_schema": "\n CREATE TABLE Transactions (\n transaction_id INT PRIMARY KEY, \n user_id INT NOT NULL,\n total_amount DECIMAL(10, 2) NOT NULL, \n transaction_date TIMESTAMP DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,\n status VARCHAR(20) DEFAULT 'pending',\n FOREIGN KEY(user_id) REFERENCES Users(user_id)\n )\n " }) ``` ```bash Curl curl https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/ai/sql \ -X POST \ -H 'Content-Type: application/json' \ -H 'x-api-key: your-api-key' \ -d '{"database":"postgresql","prompt":"Find all transactions with amounts exceeding $10,000, sorted by transaction date","sql_schema":"\\n CREATE TABLE Transactions \(\\n transaction_id INT PRIMARY KEY, \\n user_id INT NOT NULL,\\n total_amount DECIMAL\(10, 2\) NOT NULL, \\n transaction_date TIMESTAMP DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,\\n status VARCHAR\(20\) DEFAULT \'pending\',\\n FOREIGN KEY\(user_id\) REFERENCES Users\(user_id\)\\n \)\\n "}' ``` ```php PHP response = client.send(request, HttpResponse.BodyHandlers.ofString()); ``` ```swift Swift import Foundation let url = URL(string: "https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/ai/sql")! let headers = [ "Content-Type": "application/json", "x-api-key": "your-api-key" ] var request = URLRequest(url: url) request.httpMethod = "POST" request.allHTTPHeaderFields = headers request.httpBody = "{\"database\":\"postgresql\",\"prompt\":\"Find all transactions with amounts exceeding $10,000, sorted by transaction date\",\"sql_schema\":\"\\\\n CREATE TABLE Transactions \\(\\\\n transaction_id INT PRIMARY KEY, \\\\n user_id INT NOT NULL,\\\\n total_amount DECIMAL\\(10, 2\\) NOT NULL, \\\\n transaction_date TIMESTAMP DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,\\\\n status VARCHAR\\(20\\) DEFAULT \\pending',\\n".data(using: .utf8) let task = URLSession.shared.dataTask(with: request) { (data, response, error) in if let error = error { print(error) } else if let data = data { let str = String(data: data, encoding: .utf8) print(str ?? "") } } task.resume() ``` ```dart Dart import 'package:http/http.dart' as http; void main() async { final headers = { 'Content-Type': 'application/json', 'x-api-key': 'your-api-key', }; final data = '{"database":"postgresql","prompt":"Find all transactions with amounts exceeding \$10,000, sorted by transaction date","sql_schema":"\\\\n CREATE TABLE Transactions \\(\\\\n transaction_id INT PRIMARY KEY, \\\\n user_id INT NOT NULL,\\\\n total_amount DECIMAL\\(10, 2\\) NOT NULL, \\\\n transaction_date TIMESTAMP DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,\\\\n status VARCHAR\\(20\\) DEFAULT \\pending\',\\n'; final url = Uri.parse('https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/ai/sql'); final res = await http.post(url, headers: headers, body: data); final status = res.statusCode; if (status != 200) throw Exception('http.post error: statusCode= $status'); print(res.body); } ``` ```kotlin Kotlin import java.io.IOException import okhttp3.MediaType.Companion.toMediaType import okhttp3.OkHttpClient import okhttp3.Request import okhttp3.RequestBody.Companion.toRequestBody val client = OkHttpClient() val MEDIA_TYPE = "application/json".toMediaType() val requestBody = "{\"database\":\"postgresql\",\"prompt\":\"Find all transactions with amounts exceeding \$10,000, sorted by transaction date\",\"sql_schema\":\"\\\\n CREATE TABLE Transactions \\(\\\\n transaction_id INT PRIMARY KEY, \\\\n user_id INT NOT NULL,\\\\n total_amount DECIMAL\\(10, 2\\) NOT NULL, \\\\n transaction_date TIMESTAMP DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,\\\\n status VARCHAR\\(20\\) DEFAULT \\pending',\\n" val request = Request.Builder() .url("https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/ai/sql") .post(requestBody.toRequestBody(MEDIA_TYPE)) .header("Content-Type", "application/json") .header("x-api-key", "your-api-key") .build() client.newCall(request).execute().use { response -> if (!response.isSuccessful) throw IOException("Unexpected code $response") response.body!!.string() } ``` ```csharp C# using System.Net.Http; using System.Net.Http.Headers; HttpClient client = new HttpClient(); HttpRequestMessage request = new HttpRequestMessage(HttpMethod.Post, "https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/ai/sql"); request.Headers.Add("x-api-key", "your-api-key"); request.Content = new StringContent("{\"database\":\"postgresql\",\"prompt\":\"Find all transactions with amounts exceeding $10,000, sorted by transaction date\",\"sql_schema\":\"\\\\n CREATE TABLE Transactions \\(\\\\n transaction_id INT PRIMARY KEY, \\\\n user_id INT NOT NULL,\\\\n total_amount DECIMAL\\(10, 2\\) NOT NULL, \\\\n transaction_date TIMESTAMP DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,\\\\n status VARCHAR\\(20\\) DEFAULT \\pending',\\n"); request.Content.Headers.ContentType = new MediaTypeHeaderValue("application/json"); HttpResponseMessage response = await client.SendAsync(request); response.EnsureSuccessStatusCode(); string responseBody = await response.Content.ReadAsStringAsync(); ``` ```json Response { "success": true, "sql": "SELECT * FROM Transactions WHERE total_amount > 10000 ORDER BY transaction_date;", "_usage": { "input_tokens": 132, "output_tokens": 27, "inference_time_tokens": 878, "total_tokens": 1037 } } ``` # Text Translate Source: https://jigsawstack.com/docs/api-reference/ai/translate POST https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/ai/translate Translate text from one language to another with support for multiple text formats. ## Request Parameters ### Body The language code of the source text. If not provided, the API will attempt to auto-detect the language. All supported language codes can be found [here](https://jigsawstack.com/docs/additional-resources/languages). The language code of the target language to translate to. All supported language codes can be found [here](https://jigsawstack.com/docs/additional-resources/languages). The text to translate. Supports two formats: * Single string: `{"text": "Hello, how are you doing"}` * Array of strings: `{"text": ["Hello", "How are you doing"]}` Maximum text length is 5000 characters per string. ## Response Structure Indicates whether the call was successful. The translated text. The format matches your input: - If you sent a single string, you'll receive a single translated string - If you sent an array of strings, you'll receive an array of translated strings ```javascript Javascript import { JigsawStack } from "jigsawstack"; const jigsaw = JigsawStack({ apiKey: "your-api-key" }); const response = await jigsaw.translate({ "text": [ "Hello", "How are you?", "Thank you" ], "target_language": "zh" }) ``` ```python Python from jigsawstack import JigsawStack jigsaw = JigsawStack(api_key="your-api-key") response = jigsaw.translate({ "text": [ "Hello", "How are you?", "Thank you" ], "target_language": "zh" }) ``` ```bash Curl curl https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/ai/translate \ -X POST \ -H 'Content-Type: application/json' \ -H 'x-api-key: your-api-key' \ -d '{"text":["Hello","How are you?","Thank you"],"target_language":"zh"}' ``` ```php PHP [ 'Hello', 'How are you?', 'Thank you' ], 'target_language' => 'zh' }.to_json req_options = { use_ssl: uri.scheme == 'https' } res = Net::HTTP.start(uri.hostname, uri.port, req_options) do |http| http.request(req) end ``` ```go Go package main import ( "fmt" "io" "log" "net/http" "strings" ) func main() { client := &http.Client{} var data = strings.NewReader(`{"text":["Hello","How are you?","Thank you"],"target_language":"zh"}`) req, err := http.NewRequest("POST", "https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/ai/translate", data) if err != nil { log.Fatal(err) } req.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/json") req.Header.Set("x-api-key", "your-api-key") resp, err := client.Do(req) if err != nil { log.Fatal(err) } defer resp.Body.Close() bodyText, err := io.ReadAll(resp.Body) if err != nil { log.Fatal(err) } fmt.Printf("%s\n", bodyText) } ``` ```java Java import java.io.IOException; import java.net.URI; import java.net.http.HttpClient; import java.net.http.HttpRequest; import java.net.http.HttpRequest.BodyPublishers; import java.net.http.HttpResponse; HttpClient client = HttpClient.newHttpClient(); HttpRequest request = HttpRequest.newBuilder() .uri(URI.create("https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/ai/translate")) .POST(BodyPublishers.ofString("{\"text\":[\"Hello\",\"How are you?\",\"Thank you\"],\"target_language\":\"zh\"}")) .setHeader("Content-Type", "application/json") .setHeader("x-api-key", "your-api-key") .build(); HttpResponse response = client.send(request, HttpResponse.BodyHandlers.ofString()); ``` ```swift Swift import Foundation let jsonData = [ "text": [ "Hello", "How are you?", "Thank you" ], "target_language": "zh" ] as [String : Any] let data = try! JSONSerialization.data(withJSONObject: jsonData, options: []) let url = URL(string: "https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/ai/translate")! let headers = [ "Content-Type": "application/json", "x-api-key": "your-api-key" ] var request = URLRequest(url: url) request.httpMethod = "POST" request.allHTTPHeaderFields = headers request.httpBody = data as Data let task = URLSession.shared.dataTask(with: request) { (data, response, error) in if let error = error { print(error) } else if let data = data { let str = String(data: data, encoding: .utf8) print(str ?? "") } } task.resume() ``` ```dart Dart import 'package:http/http.dart' as http; void main() async { final headers = { 'Content-Type': 'application/json', 'x-api-key': 'your-api-key', }; final data = '{"text":["Hello","How are you?","Thank you"],"target_language":"zh"}'; final url = Uri.parse('https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/ai/translate'); final res = await http.post(url, headers: headers, body: data); final status = res.statusCode; if (status != 200) throw Exception('http.post error: statusCode= $status'); print(res.body); } ``` ```kotlin Kotlin import java.io.IOException import okhttp3.MediaType.Companion.toMediaType import okhttp3.OkHttpClient import okhttp3.Request import okhttp3.RequestBody.Companion.toRequestBody val client = OkHttpClient() val MEDIA_TYPE = "application/json".toMediaType() val requestBody = "{\"text\":[\"Hello\",\"How are you?\",\"Thank you\"],\"target_language\":\"zh\"}" val request = Request.Builder() .url("https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/ai/translate") .post(requestBody.toRequestBody(MEDIA_TYPE)) .header("Content-Type", "application/json") .header("x-api-key", "your-api-key") .build() client.newCall(request).execute().use { response -> if (!response.isSuccessful) throw IOException("Unexpected code $response") response.body!!.string() } ``` ```csharp C# using System.Net.Http; using System.Net.Http.Headers; HttpClient client = new HttpClient(); HttpRequestMessage request = new HttpRequestMessage(HttpMethod.Post, "https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/ai/translate"); request.Headers.Add("x-api-key", "your-api-key"); request.Content = new StringContent("{\"text\":[\"Hello\",\"How are you?\",\"Thank you\"],\"target_language\":\"zh\"}"); request.Content.Headers.ContentType = new MediaTypeHeaderValue("application/json"); HttpResponseMessage response = await client.SendAsync(request); response.EnsureSuccessStatusCode(); string responseBody = await response.Content.ReadAsStringAsync(); ``` ```json Response { "success": true, "translated_text": [ "你好", "你好吗？", "谢谢" ], "_usage": { "input_tokens": 18, "output_tokens": 18, "inference_time_tokens": 601, "total_tokens": 637 } } ``` # vOCR Source: https://jigsawstack.com/docs/api-reference/ai/vocr POST https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/vocr Recognise, describe and retrieve data within an image with great accuracy. ### Body The prompt used to describe the image. Default prompt is `Describe the image in detail.` The image url. Not required if `file_store_key` is specified. The key used to store the image on Jigsawstack File [Storage](/docs/api-reference/store/file/add). Not required if `url` is specified. Specifies a range of pages to process with vOCR, provided as a two-element array: \[startPage, endPage]. For example, `[1,10]` processes pages 1 through 10. The range must span 10 or fewer pages. If the specified endPage exceeds the document's total pages, the last available page will be used instead. Both startPage and endPage are inclusive and must be positive integers where startPage ≤ endPage. Either `url` or `file_store_key` should be provided not both. ## Prompt Example * **`String`** ```javascript { prompt: "Describe the image in detail."; } ``` * **`Array`** > Use this approach to retrieve specific data from the image file. ```javascript { prompt: ["first name", "last name"]; } ``` ### Response Indicates whether the call was successful. Supported file types: - **Images**: JPEG, JPG, PNG - **Documents**: Multi-page PDFs (up to 10 pages per API request) ```javascript Javascript import { JigsawStack } from "jigsawstack"; const jigsaw = JigsawStack({ apiKey: "your-api-key" }); const response = await jigsaw.vision.vocr({ "prompt": [ "total_price", "tax" ], "url": "https://media.snopes.com/2021/08/239918331_10228097135359041_3825446756894757753_n.jpg" }) ``` ```python Python from jigsawstack import JigsawStack jigsaw = JigsawStack(api_key="your-api-key") response = jigsaw.vision.vocr({ "prompt": [ "total_price", "tax" ], "url": "https://media.snopes.com/2021/08/239918331_10228097135359041_3825446756894757753_n.jpg" }) ``` ```bash Curl curl https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/vocr \ -X POST \ -H 'Content-Type: application/json' \ -H 'x-api-key: your-api-key' \ -d '{"prompt":["total_price","tax"],"url":"https://media.snopes.com/2021/08/239918331_10228097135359041_3825446756894757753_n.jpg"}' ``` ```php PHP [ 'total_price', 'tax' ], 'url' => 'https://media.snopes.com/2021/08/239918331_10228097135359041_3825446756894757753_n.jpg' }.to_json req_options = { use_ssl: uri.scheme == 'https' } res = Net::HTTP.start(uri.hostname, uri.port, req_options) do |http| http.request(req) end ``` ```go Go package main import ( "fmt" "io" "log" "net/http" "strings" ) func main() { client := &http.Client{} var data = strings.NewReader(`{"prompt":["total_price","tax"],"url":"https://media.snopes.com/2021/08/239918331_10228097135359041_3825446756894757753_n.jpg"}`) req, err := http.NewRequest("POST", "https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/vocr", data) if err != nil { log.Fatal(err) } req.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/json") req.Header.Set("x-api-key", "your-api-key") resp, err := client.Do(req) if err != nil { log.Fatal(err) } defer resp.Body.Close() bodyText, err := io.ReadAll(resp.Body) if err != nil { log.Fatal(err) } fmt.Printf("%s\n", bodyText) } ``` ```java Java import java.io.IOException; import java.net.URI; import java.net.http.HttpClient; import java.net.http.HttpRequest; import java.net.http.HttpRequest.BodyPublishers; import java.net.http.HttpResponse; HttpClient client = HttpClient.newHttpClient(); HttpRequest request = HttpRequest.newBuilder() .uri(URI.create("https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/vocr")) .POST(BodyPublishers.ofString("{\"prompt\":[\"total_price\",\"tax\"],\"url\":\"https://media.snopes.com/2021/08/239918331_10228097135359041_3825446756894757753_n.jpg\"}")) .setHeader("Content-Type", "application/json") .setHeader("x-api-key", "your-api-key") .build(); HttpResponse response = client.send(request, HttpResponse.BodyHandlers.ofString()); ``` ```swift Swift import Foundation let jsonData = [ "prompt": [ "total_price", "tax" ], "url": "https://media.snopes.com/2021/08/239918331_10228097135359041_3825446756894757753_n.jpg" ] as [String : Any] let data = try! JSONSerialization.data(withJSONObject: jsonData, options: []) let url = URL(string: "https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/vocr")! let headers = [ "Content-Type": "application/json", "x-api-key": "your-api-key" ] var request = URLRequest(url: url) request.httpMethod = "POST" request.allHTTPHeaderFields = headers request.httpBody = data as Data let task = URLSession.shared.dataTask(with: request) { (data, response, error) in if let error = error { print(error) } else if let data = data { let str = String(data: data, encoding: .utf8) print(str ?? "") } } task.resume() ``` ```dart Dart import 'package:http/http.dart' as http; void main() async { final headers = { 'Content-Type': 'application/json', 'x-api-key': 'your-api-key', }; final data = '{"prompt":["total_price","tax"],"url":"https://media.snopes.com/2021/08/239918331_10228097135359041_3825446756894757753_n.jpg"}'; final url = Uri.parse('https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/vocr'); final res = await http.post(url, headers: headers, body: data); final status = res.statusCode; if (status != 200) throw Exception('http.post error: statusCode= $status'); print(res.body); } ``` ```kotlin Kotlin import java.io.IOException import okhttp3.MediaType.Companion.toMediaType import okhttp3.OkHttpClient import okhttp3.Request import okhttp3.RequestBody.Companion.toRequestBody val client = OkHttpClient() val MEDIA_TYPE = "application/json".toMediaType() val requestBody = "{\"prompt\":[\"total_price\",\"tax\"],\"url\":\"https://media.snopes.com/2021/08/239918331_10228097135359041_3825446756894757753_n.jpg\"}" val request = Request.Builder() .url("https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/vocr") .post(requestBody.toRequestBody(MEDIA_TYPE)) .header("Content-Type", "application/json") .header("x-api-key", "your-api-key") .build() client.newCall(request).execute().use { response -> if (!response.isSuccessful) throw IOException("Unexpected code $response") response.body!!.string() } ``` ```csharp C# using System.Net.Http; using System.Net.Http.Headers; HttpClient client = new HttpClient(); HttpRequestMessage request = new HttpRequestMessage(HttpMethod.Post, "https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/vocr"); request.Headers.Add("x-api-key", "your-api-key"); request.Content = new StringContent("{\"prompt\":[\"total_price\",\"tax\"],\"url\":\"https://media.snopes.com/2021/08/239918331_10228097135359041_3825446756894757753_n.jpg\"}"); request.Content.Headers.ContentType = new MediaTypeHeaderValue("application/json"); HttpResponseMessage response = await client.SendAsync(request); response.EnsureSuccessStatusCode(); string responseBody = await response.Content.ReadAsStringAsync(); ``` ```json Response { "success": true, "context": { "total_price": [ "144.02" ], "tax": [ "4.58" ] }, "width": 720, "height": 960, "tags": [ "text", "receipt", "paper" ], "has_text": true, "sections": [ { "text": "See back of receipt for your chance\nto win $1000 ID #: 7N5N1VIXCQDQ\nWalmart\n317-851-1102 Mgr:JAMIE BROOKSHIRE\n882 S. STATE ROAD 135\nGREENWOOD IN 46143\nST# 05483 OP# 001436 TE# 09 TR# 06976\nTATER TOTS\n001312000026 F 2.96 0\nHARD/PROV/DC 007874219410 F\nSNACK BARS\n2.68 0\nHRI CL CHS 5.88 0\n002190848816 F 4.98 T\nHRI CL CHS\n003120506000 F\n003120506000 F 6.88 0\n** VOIDED ENTRY ##\nHRI CL CHS 5.88-0\n003120506000 F\nHRI 12 U SG 003120535000 F\nHRI CL PEP\n5.88 0\nEARBUDS 068113100946 4.88 X\n003120507000 F 5.88 0\nSC BCN CHDDR 007874202906 F\nABF THINBRST 022451710972 F\n6.98 0\nHARD/PROV/DC 007874219410 F\n9.72 0\nDV RSE OIL M 001111101220\n2.68 0\nAPPLE 3 BAG 084747300184 F\n5.94 X\nSTOK LT SWT 004127102774 F\n6.47 N\nPEANUT BUTTR 005160025499 F\n4.42 T\nAVO VERDE 2.98 N 061611206143 F\n6.44 0\nROLLS 007874219415 F 1.28 0\nBTS DRY BLON 501072452746 6.58 X\nGALE 000000000003K 32.00 T\nTR HS FRM 4 002240062190 2.74 X\nBAGELS 001376402801 F 4.66 0\nGV SLIDERS 007874201625 2.98 X\nACCESSORY 007615161216 0.97 X\nCHEEZE IT 002410053523 F 4.00 0\nWAS 4.54 YOU SAVED 0.54\nRITZ 004400088210 F 2.78 N\nRUFFLES 002840020942 F 2.50 N\nGV HNY GRMS 007874207253 F 1.28 N\nSUBTOTAL 139.44\nTAX 1 7.000 % 4.58\nTOTAL 144.02\nCASH TEND 150.02\nCHANGE DUE 6.00\n# ITEMS SOLD 26\nTC# 0783 6080 4072 3416 2495 5\n04/27/19 12:59:46\nScan with Walmart app to save receipts", "lines": [ { "text": "See back of receipt for your chance", "bounds": { "top_left": { "x": 185, "y": 64 }, "top_right": { "x": 459, "y": 76 }, "bottom_right": { "x": 458, "y": 93 }, "bottom_left": { "x": 184, "y": 84 }, "width": 274, "height": 18.5 }, "words": [ { "text": "See", "bounds": { "top_left": { "x": 187, "y": 64 }, "top_right": { "x": 211, "y": 66 }, "bottom_right": { "x": 209, "y": 82 }, "bottom_left": { "x": 185, "y": 79 }, "width": 24, "height": 15.5 } }, { "text": "back", "bounds": { "top_left": { "x": 218, "y": 67 }, "top_right": { "x": 250, "y": 70 }, "bottom_right": { "x": 248, "y": 86 }, "bottom_left": { "x": 216, "y": 83 }, "width": 32, "height": 16 } }, { "text": "of", "bounds": { "top_left": { "x": 257, "y": 70 }, "top_right": { "x": 274, "y": 72 }, "bottom_right": { "x": 272, "y": 88 }, "bottom_left": { "x": 256, "y": 87 }, "width": 16.5, "height": 16.5 } }, { "text": "receipt", "bounds": { "top_left": { "x": 280, "y": 72 }, "top_right": { "x": 337, "y": 75 }, "bottom_right": { "x": 335, "y": 91 }, "bottom_left": { "x": 279, "y": 88 }, "width": 56.5, "height": 16 } }, { "text": "for", "bounds": { "top_left": { "x": 342, "y": 75 }, "top_right": { "x": 365, "y": 76 }, "bottom_right": { "x": 364, "y": 92 }, "bottom_left": { "x": 341, "y": 92 }, "width": 23, "height": 16.5 } }, { "text": "your", "bounds": { "top_left": { "x": 372, "y": 76 }, "top_right": { "x": 403, "y": 76 }, "bottom_right": { "x": 402, "y": 93 }, "bottom_left": { "x": 370, "y": 92 }, "width": 31.5, "height": 16.5 } }, { "text": "chance", "bounds": { "top_left": { "x": 411, "y": 76 }, "top_right": { "x": 458, "y": 76 }, "bottom_right": { "x": 457, "y": 92 }, "bottom_left": { "x": 409, "y": 93 }, "width": 47.5, "height": 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"bottom_right": { "x": 303, "y": 104 }, "bottom_left": { "x": 288, "y": 103 }, "width": 15, "height": 16 } }, { "text": "#:", "bounds": { "top_left": { "x": 311, "y": 88 }, "top_right": { "x": 324, "y": 89 }, "bottom_right": { "x": 324, "y": 105 }, "bottom_left": { "x": 310, "y": 105 }, "width": 13.5, "height": 16.5 } }, { "text": "7N5N1VIXCQDQ", "bounds": { "top_left": { "x": 327, "y": 89 }, "top_right": { "x": 418, "y": 90 }, "bottom_right": { "x": 418, "y": 106 }, "bottom_left": { "x": 327, "y": 105 }, "width": 91, "height": 16 } } ] }, { "text": "Walmart", "bounds": { "top_left": { "x": 274, "y": 107 }, "top_right": { "x": 381, "y": 110 }, "bottom_right": { "x": 380, "y": 137 }, "bottom_left": { "x": 273, "y": 134 }, "width": 107, "height": 27 }, "words": [ { "text": "Walmart", "bounds": { "top_left": { "x": 274, "y": 107 }, "top_right": { "x": 382, "y": 111 }, "bottom_right": { "x": 380, "y": 137 }, "bottom_left": { "x": 274, "y": 135 }, "width": 107, "height": 27 } } ] }, { "text": "317-851-1102 Mgr:JAMIE BROOKSHIRE", "bounds": { "top_left": { "x": 200, "y": 131 }, "top_right": { "x": 456, "y": 138 }, "bottom_right": { "x": 455, "y": 158 }, "bottom_left": { "x": 199, "y": 153 }, "width": 256, "height": 21 }, "words": [ { "text": "317-851-1102", "bounds": { "top_left": { "x": 201, "y": 131 }, "top_right": { "x": 296, "y": 139 }, "bottom_right": { "x": 296, "y": 156 }, "bottom_left": { "x": 200, "y": 148 }, "width": 95.5, "height": 17 } }, { "text": "Mgr:JAMIE", "bounds": { "top_left": { "x": 301, "y": 139 }, "top_right": { "x": 371, "y": 141 }, "bottom_right": { "x": 371, "y": 158 }, "bottom_left": { "x": 300, "y": 156 }, "width": 70.5, "height": 17 } }, { "text": "BROOKSHIRE", "bounds": { "top_left": { "x": 378, "y": 141 }, "top_right": { "x": 456, "y": 139 }, "bottom_right": { "x": 456, "y": 154 }, "bottom_left": { "x": 378, "y": 158 }, "width": 78, "height": 16 } } ] }, { "text": "882 S. STATE ROAD 135", "bounds": { "top_left": { "x": 247, "y": 149 }, "top_right": { "x": 409, "y": 154 }, "bottom_right": { "x": 408, "y": 171 }, "bottom_left": { "x": 246, "y": 167 }, "width": 162, "height": 17.5 }, "words": [ { "text": "882", "bounds": { "top_left": { "x": 247, "y": 150 }, "top_right": { "x": 272, "y": 152 }, "bottom_right": { "x": 271, "y": 168 }, "bottom_left": { "x": 247, "y": 167 }, "width": 24.5, "height": 16.5 } }, { "text": "S.", "bounds": { "top_left": { "x": 278, "y": 152 }, "top_right": { "x": 295, "y": 153 }, "bottom_right": { "x": 294, "y": 169 }, "bottom_left": { "x": 278, "y": 168 }, "width": 16.5, "height": 16 } }, { "text": "STATE", "bounds": { "top_left": { "x": 302, "y": 153 }, "top_right": { "x": 340, "y": 154 }, "bottom_right": { "x": 339, "y": 171 }, "bottom_left": { "x": 301, "y": 169 }, "width": 38, "height": 16.5 } }, { "text": "ROAD", "bounds": { "top_left": { "x": 347, "y": 155 }, "top_right": { "x": 379, "y": 155 }, "bottom_right": { "x": 378, "y": 171 }, "bottom_left": { "x": 346, "y": 171 }, "width": 32, "height": 16 } }, { "text": "135", "bounds": { "top_left": { "x": 387, "y": 155 }, "top_right": { "x": 409, "y": 155 }, "bottom_right": { "x": 408, "y": 171 }, "bottom_left": { "x": 386, "y": 171 }, "width": 22, "height": 16 } } ] }, { "text": "GREENWOOD IN 46143", "bounds": { "top_left": { "x": 259, "y": 165 }, "top_right": { "x": 403, "y": 167 }, "bottom_right": { "x": 402, "y": 184 }, "bottom_left": { "x": 258, "y": 182 }, "width": 144, "height": 17 }, "words": [ { "text": "GREENWOOD", "bounds": { "top_left": { "x": 262, "y": 165 }, "top_right": { "x": 333, "y": 167 }, "bottom_right": { "x": 331, "y": 183 }, "bottom_left": { "x": 261, "y": 182 }, "width": 70.5, "height": 16.5 } }, { "text": "IN", "bounds": { "top_left": { "x": 341, "y": 168 }, "top_right": { "x": 355, "y": 168 }, "bottom_right": { "x": 354, "y": 184 }, "bottom_left": { "x": 339, "y": 184 }, "width": 14.5, "height": 16 } }, { "text": "46143", "bounds": { "top_left": { "x": 363, "y": 168 }, "top_right": { "x": 403, "y": 168 }, "bottom_right": { "x": 400, "y": 185 }, "bottom_left": { "x": 361, "y": 184 }, "width": 39.5, "height": 16.5 } } ] }, { "text": "ST# 05483 OP# 001436 TE# 09 TR# 06976", "bounds": { "top_left": { "x": 182, "y": 170 }, "top_right": { "x": 473, "y": 179 }, "bottom_right": { "x": 472, "y": 198 }, "bottom_left": { "x": 182, "y": 193 }, "width": 290.5, "height": 21 }, "words": [ { "text": "ST#", "bounds": { "top_left": { "x": 183, "y": 171 }, "top_right": { "x": 208, "y": 174 }, "bottom_right": { "x": 208, "y": 189 }, "bottom_left": { "x": 182, "y": 187 }, "width": 25.5, "height": 15.5 } }, { "text": "05483", "bounds": { "top_left": { "x": 214, "y": 174 }, "top_right": { "x": 255, "y": 178 }, "bottom_right": { "x": 254, "y": 194 }, "bottom_left": { "x": 214, "y": 190 }, "width": 40.5, "height": 16 } }, { "text": "OP#", "bounds": { "top_left": { "x": 261, "y": 178 }, "top_right": { "x": 286, "y": 180 }, "bottom_right": { "x": 286, "y": 196 }, "bottom_left": { "x": 261, "y": 194 }, "width": 25, "height": 16 } }, { "text": "001436", "bounds": { "top_left": { "x": 293, "y": 180 }, "top_right": { "x": 339, "y": 182 }, "bottom_right": { "x": 339, "y": 198 }, "bottom_left": { "x": 292, "y": 196 }, "width": 46.5, "height": 16 } }, { "text": "TE#", "bounds": { "top_left": { "x": 347, "y": 182 }, "top_right": { "x": 370, "y": 182 }, "bottom_right": { "x": 370, "y": 198 }, "bottom_left": { "x": 347, "y": 198 }, "width": 23, "height": 16 } }, { "text": "09", "bounds": { "top_left": { "x": 376, "y": 182 }, "top_right": { "x": 393, "y": 182 }, "bottom_right": { "x": 392, "y": 198 }, "bottom_left": { "x": 376, "y": 198 }, "width": 16.5, "height": 16 } }, { "text": "TR#", "bounds": { "top_left": { "x": 401, "y": 182 }, "top_right": { "x": 424, "y": 182 }, "bottom_right": { "x": 424, "y": 197 }, "bottom_left": { "x": 401, "y": 198 }, "width": 23, "height": 15.5 } }, { "text": "06976", "bounds": { "top_left": { "x": 431, "y": 182 }, "top_right": { "x": 470, "y": 180 }, "bottom_right": { "x": 470, "y": 194 }, "bottom_left": { "x": 430, "y": 197 }, "width": 39.5, "height": 14.5 } } ] }, { "text": "TATER TOTS", "bounds": { "top_left": { "x": 183, "y": 186 }, "top_right": { "x": 263, "y": 192 }, "bottom_right": { "x": 262, "y": 207 }, "bottom_left": { "x": 182, "y": 201 }, "width": 80, "height": 15 }, "words": [ { "text": "TATER", "bounds": { "top_left": { "x": 184, "y": 187 }, "top_right": { "x": 222, "y": 190 }, "bottom_right": { "x": 220, "y": 204 }, "bottom_left": { "x": 183, "y": 201 }, "width": 37.5, "height": 14 } }, { "text": "TOTS", "bounds": { "top_left": { "x": 232, "y": 191 }, "top_right": { "x": 262, "y": 192 }, "bottom_right": { "x": 260, "y": 208 }, "bottom_left": { "x": 230, "y": 205 }, "width": 30, "height": 15 } } ] }, { "text": "001312000026 F 2.96 0", "bounds": { "top_left": { "x": 282, "y": 195 }, "top_right": { "x": 392, "y": 196 }, "bottom_right": { "x": 392, "y": 211 }, "bottom_left": { "x": 281, "y": 210 }, "width": 110.5, "height": 15 }, "words": [ { "text": "001312000026", "bounds": { "top_left": { "x": 284, "y": 195 }, "top_right": { "x": 376, "y": 197 }, "bottom_right": { "x": 376, "y": 211 }, "bottom_left": { "x": 284, "y": 211 }, "width": 92, "height": 15 } }, { "text": "F", "bounds": { "top_left": { "x": 384, "y": 197 }, "top_right": { "x": 392, "y": 197 }, "bottom_right": { "x": 392, "y": 211 }, "bottom_left": { "x": 384, "y": 211 }, "width": 8, "height": 14 } } ] }, { "text": "HARD/PROV/DC 007874219410 F", "bounds": { "top_left": { "x": 180, "y": 200 }, "top_right": { "x": 392, "y": 210 }, "bottom_right": { "x": 391, "y": 225 }, "bottom_left": { "x": 180, "y": 217 }, "width": 211.5, "height": 16 }, "words": [ { "text": "HARD/PROV/DC", "bounds": { "top_left": { "x": 181, "y": 201 }, "top_right": { "x": 276, "y": 207 }, "bottom_right": { "x": 275, "y": 223 }, "bottom_left": { "x": 180, "y": 214 }, "width": 95, "height": 14.5 } }, { "text": 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{ "x": 258, "y": 600 }, "bottom_right": { "x": 257, "y": 615 }, "bottom_left": { "x": 166, "y": 614 }, "width": 91.5, "height": 15 }, "words": [ { "text": "GV", "bounds": { "top_left": { "x": 167, "y": 600 }, "top_right": { "x": 182, "y": 600 }, "bottom_right": { "x": 181, "y": 615 }, "bottom_left": { "x": 166, "y": 615 }, "width": 15, "height": 15 } }, { "text": "HNY", "bounds": { "top_left": { "x": 190, "y": 600 }, "top_right": { "x": 216, "y": 600 }, "bottom_right": { "x": 215, "y": 615 }, "bottom_left": { "x": 189, "y": 615 }, "width": 26, "height": 15 } }, { "text": "GRMS", "bounds": { "top_left": { "x": 223, "y": 600 }, "top_right": { "x": 256, "y": 601 }, "bottom_right": { "x": 256, "y": 616 }, "bottom_left": { "x": 223, "y": 616 }, "width": 33, "height": 15.5 } } ] }, { "text": "SUBTOTAL 139.44", "bounds": { "top_left": { "x": 309, "y": 616 }, "top_right": { "x": 374, "y": 617 }, "bottom_right": { "x": 374, "y": 631 }, "bottom_left": { "x": 309, "y": 630 }, "width": 65, "height": 14 }, "words": [ { "text": "SUBTOTAL", "bounds": { "top_left": { "x": 311, "y": 616 }, "top_right": { "x": 372, "y": 618 }, "bottom_right": { "x": 372, "y": 631 }, "bottom_left": { "x": 310, "y": 630 }, "width": 61.5, "height": 13.5 } } ] }, { "text": "TAX 1 7.000 % 4.58", "bounds": { "top_left": { "x": 238, "y": 630 }, "top_right": { "x": 278, "y": 631 }, "bottom_right": { "x": 278, "y": 644 }, "bottom_left": { "x": 238, "y": 644 }, "width": 40, "height": 13.5 }, "words": [ { "text": "TAX", "bounds": { "top_left": { "x": 239, "y": 630 }, "top_right": { "x": 263, "y": 630 }, "bottom_right": { "x": 263, "y": 644 }, "bottom_left": { "x": 239, "y": 643 }, "width": 24, "height": 13.5 } }, { "text": "1", "bounds": { "top_left": { "x": 272, "y": 630 }, "top_right": { "x": 277, "y": 630 }, "bottom_right": { "x": 277, "y": 644 }, "bottom_left": { "x": 271, "y": 644 }, "width": 5.5, "height": 14 } } ] }, { "text": "TOTAL 144.02", "bounds": { "top_left": { "x": 333, "y": 645 }, "top_right": { "x": 371, "y": 647 }, "bottom_right": { "x": 370, "y": 660 }, "bottom_left": { "x": 333, "y": 659 }, "width": 37.5, "height": 13.5 }, "words": [ { "text": "TOTAL", "bounds": { "top_left": { "x": 335, "y": 645 }, "top_right": { "x": 370, "y": 646 }, "bottom_right": { "x": 370, "y": 660 }, "bottom_left": { "x": 334, "y": 658 }, "width": 35.5, "height": 13.5 } } ] }, { "text": "CASH TEND 150.02", "bounds": { "top_left": { "x": 292, "y": 660 }, "top_right": { "x": 375, "y": 660 }, "bottom_right": { "x": 375, "y": 675 }, "bottom_left": { "x": 292, "y": 675 }, "width": 83, "height": 15 }, "words": [ { "text": "CASH", "bounds": { "top_left": { "x": 293, "y": 660 }, "top_right": { "x": 324, "y": 661 }, "bottom_right": { "x": 323, "y": 675 }, "bottom_left": { "x": 292, "y": 675 }, "width": 31, "height": 14.5 } }, { "text": "TEND", "bounds": { "top_left": { "x": 342, "y": 661 }, "top_right": { "x": 373, "y": 661 }, "bottom_right": { "x": 372, "y": 675 }, "bottom_left": { "x": 342, "y": 675 }, "width": 30.5, "height": 14 } } ] }, { "text": "CHANGE DUE 6.00", "bounds": { "top_left": { "x": 289, "y": 675 }, "top_right": { "x": 374, "y": 675 }, "bottom_right": { "x": 374, "y": 690 }, "bottom_left": { "x": 289, "y": 690 }, "width": 85, "height": 15 }, "words": [ { "text": "CHANGE", "bounds": { "top_left": { "x": 292, "y": 676 }, "top_right": { "x": 340, "y": 676 }, "bottom_right": { "x": 340, "y": 690 }, "bottom_left": { "x": 292, "y": 690 }, "width": 48, "height": 14 } }, { "text": "DUE", "bounds": { "top_left": { "x": 349, "y": 676 }, "top_right": { "x": 372, "y": 676 }, "bottom_right": { "x": 372, "y": 690 }, "bottom_left": { "x": 349, "y": 690 }, "width": 23, "height": 14 } } ] }, { "text": "# ITEMS SOLD 26", "bounds": { "top_left": { "x": 249, "y": 689 }, "top_right": { "x": 376, "y": 690 }, "bottom_right": { "x": 376, "y": 706 }, "bottom_left": { "x": 248, "y": 705 }, "width": 127.5, "height": 16 }, "words": [ { "text": "#", "bounds": { "top_left": { "x": 251, "y": 690 }, "top_right": { "x": 260, "y": 690 }, "bottom_right": { "x": 259, "y": 705 }, "bottom_left": { "x": 251, "y": 705 }, "width": 8.5, "height": 15 } }, { "text": "ITEMS", "bounds": { "top_left": { "x": 269, "y": 690 }, "top_right": { "x": 308, "y": 691 }, "bottom_right": { "x": 308, "y": 706 }, "bottom_left": { "x": 268, "y": 705 }, "width": 39.5, "height": 15 } }, { "text": "SOLD", "bounds": { "top_left": { "x": 316, "y": 691 }, "top_right": { "x": 348, "y": 691 }, "bottom_right": { "x": 348, "y": 706 }, "bottom_left": { "x": 316, "y": 706 }, "width": 32, "height": 15 } }, { "text": "26", "bounds": { "top_left": { "x": 357, "y": 691 }, "top_right": { "x": 372, "y": 691 }, "bottom_right": { "x": 372, "y": 705 }, "bottom_left": { "x": 357, "y": 706 }, "width": 15, "height": 14.5 } } ] }, { "text": "TC# 0783 6080 4072 3416 2495 5", "bounds": { "top_left": { "x": 192, "y": 703 }, "top_right": { "x": 438, "y": 705 }, "bottom_right": { "x": 438, "y": 723 }, "bottom_left": { "x": 192, "y": 720 }, "width": 246, "height": 17.5 }, "words": [ { "text": "TC#", "bounds": { "top_left": { "x": 193, "y": 704 }, "top_right": { "x": 218, "y": 704 }, "bottom_right": { "x": 218, "y": 720 }, "bottom_left": { "x": 194, "y": 720 }, "width": 24.5, "height": 16 } }, { "text": "0783", "bounds": { "top_left": { "x": 225, "y": 704 }, "top_right": { "x": 259, "y": 704 }, "bottom_right": { "x": 259, "y": 720 }, "bottom_left": { "x": 225, "y": 720 }, "width": 34, "height": 16 } }, { "text": "6080", "bounds": { "top_left": { "x": 266, "y": 704 }, "top_right": { "x": 300, "y": 704 }, "bottom_right": { "x": 299, "y": 721 }, "bottom_left": { "x": 266, "y": 721 }, "width": 33.5, "height": 17 } }, { "text": "4072", "bounds": { "top_left": { "x": 307, "y": 705 }, "top_right": { "x": 341, "y": 705 }, "bottom_right": { "x": 340, "y": 721 }, "bottom_left": { "x": 307, "y": 721 }, "width": 33.5, "height": 16 } }, { "text": "3416", "bounds": { "top_left": { "x": 348, "y": 705 }, "top_right": { "x": 380, "y": 705 }, "bottom_right": { "x": 379, "y": 722 }, "bottom_left": { "x": 347, "y": 721 }, "width": 32, "height": 16.5 } }, { "text": "2495", "bounds": { "top_left": { "x": 389, "y": 706 }, "top_right": { "x": 420, "y": 706 }, "bottom_right": { "x": 419, "y": 723 }, "bottom_left": { "x": 388, "y": 722 }, "width": 31, "height": 16.5 } }, { "text": "5", "bounds": { "top_left": { "x": 428, "y": 706 }, "top_right": { "x": 437, "y": 706 }, "bottom_right": { "x": 435, "y": 723 }, "bottom_left": { "x": 427, "y": 723 }, "width": 8.5, "height": 17 } } ] }, { "text": "04/27/19 12:59:46", "bounds": { "top_left": { "x": 223, "y": 762 }, "top_right": { "x": 291, "y": 762 }, "bottom_right": { "x": 291, "y": 779 }, "bottom_left": { "x": 223, "y": 779 }, "width": 68, "height": 17 }, "words": [ { "text": "04/27/19", "bounds": { "top_left": { "x": 223, "y": 763 }, "top_right": { "x": 290, "y": 764 }, "bottom_right": { "x": 289, "y": 779 }, "bottom_left": { "x": 223, "y": 780 }, "width": 66.5, "height": 16 } } ] }, { "text": "Scan with Walmart app to save receipts", "bounds": { "top_left": { "x": 154, "y": 779 }, "top_right": { "x": 469, "y": 782 }, "bottom_right": { "x": 469, "y": 801 }, "bottom_left": { "x": 154, "y": 796 }, "width": 315, "height": 18 }, "words": [ { "text": "Scan", "bounds": { "top_left": { "x": 155, "y": 780 }, "top_right": { "x": 188, "y": 779 }, "bottom_right": { "x": 188, "y": 797 }, "bottom_left": { "x": 155, "y": 797 }, "width": 33, "height": 17.5 } }, { "text": "with", "bounds": { "top_left": { "x": 196, "y": 779 }, "top_right": { "x": 230, "y": 779 }, "bottom_right": { "x": 230, "y": 796 }, "bottom_left": { "x": 196, "y": 796 }, "width": 34, "height": 17 } }, { "text": "Walmart", "bounds": { "top_left": { "x": 238, "y": 779 }, "top_right": { "x": 298, "y": 780 }, "bottom_right": { "x": 298, "y": 796 }, "bottom_left": { "x": 237, "y": 796 }, "width": 60.5, "height": 16.5 } }, { "text": "app", "bounds": { "top_left": { "x": 305, "y": 780 }, "top_right": { "x": 329, "y": 780 }, "bottom_right": { "x": 329, "y": 797 }, "bottom_left": { "x": 305, "y": 796 }, "width": 24, "height": 16.5 } }, { "text": "to", "bounds": { "top_left": { "x": 338, "y": 781 }, "top_right": { "x": 354, "y": 781 }, "bottom_right": { "x": 353, "y": 797 }, "bottom_left": { "x": 338, "y": 797 }, "width": 15.5, "height": 16 } }, { "text": "save", "bounds": { "top_left": { "x": 363, "y": 781 }, "top_right": { "x": 394, "y": 782 }, "bottom_right": { "x": 394, "y": 798 }, "bottom_left": { "x": 362, "y": 797 }, "width": 31.5, "height": 16 } }, { "text": "receipts", "bounds": { "top_left": { "x": 402, "y": 783 }, "top_right": { "x": 469, "y": 786 }, "bottom_right": { "x": 469, "y": 801 }, "bottom_left": { "x": 402, "y": 798 }, "width": 67, "height": 15 } } ] } ] } ], "_usage": { "input_tokens": 33, "output_tokens": 11334, "inference_time_tokens": 3524, "total_tokens": 14891 } } ``` # All Models & APIs Source: https://jigsawstack.com/docs/api-reference/all-models Complete reference guide to all models and APIs ## Core AI | API | Description | | ----------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------- | | [Sentiment Analysis](/docs/api-reference/ai/sentiment) | Analyze text sentiment (positive, negative, neutral) | | [Translation](/docs/api-reference/ai/translate) | Translate text between languages | | [Summary](/docs/api-reference/ai/summary) | Generate concise text summaries | | [Time Series Prediction](/docs/api-reference/ai/prediction) | Forecast future values based on historical data | | [Text to SQL](/docs/api-reference/ai/text-to-sql) | Convert natural language to SQL queries | | [Image Generation](/docs/api-reference/ai/image-generation) | Create images from text prompts | ## Web & Search | API | Description | | -------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------- | | [AI Web Scraper](/docs/api-reference/ai/scrape) | Intelligent web scraping with AI extraction | | [HTML to Any](/docs/api-reference/web/html-to-any) | Convert HTML to various formats | | [Web Search](/docs/api-reference/web/ai-search) | AI-powered web search functionality | ## Language Models | API | Description | | -------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------ | | [Prompt Engine](/docs/api-reference/prompt-engine) | Build and optimize LLM prompts efficiently | ## Computer Vision | API | Description | | ----------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------- | | [vOCR](/docs/api-reference/ai/vocr) | Extract text from images | | [Object Detection](/docs/api-reference/ai/object-detection) | Identify and locate objects in images | ## Audio Processing | API | Description | | ------------------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------- | | [Speech to Text](/docs/api-reference/ai/speech-to-text) | Convert spoken language to written text | | [Text to Speech](/docs/api-reference/ai/text-to-speech) | Convert text to natural-sounding speech | ## Content Validation | API | Description | | --------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------- | | [NSFW Detection](/docs/api-reference/validate/nsfw) | Detect not safe for work content | | [Profanity Check](/docs/api-reference/validate/profanity) | Filter inappropriate language | | [Spell Check](/docs/api-reference/validate/spellcheck) | Detect and correct spelling errors | | [Spam Check](/docs/api-reference/ai/spam-check) | Identify spam content | ## File Management | API | Description | | ---------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------- | | [File Storage](/docs/api-reference/store/file) | Store and manage files in the cloud | ## Getting Started ```javascript // Example: Using the Sentiment Analysis API import { JigsawStack } from "jigsawstack"; const jigsaw = JigsawStack({ apiKey: "your-api-key" }); const response = await jigsaw.sentiment({ text: "I love this product!", }); console.log(result); // Output: { sentiment: "positive", score: 0.92 } ``` For detailed usage instructions, code examples, and response formats, click on any API link above. ## Need Help? * Check our [quickstart guide](/docs/quick-start/node/introduction) * View an [example project](https://github.com/JigsawStack/prediction-api-example) * Join our [Discord](https://discord.gg/GnvmdZ7z) # Create Voice Clone Source: https://jigsawstack.com/docs/api-reference/audio/tts/create-clone POST https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/ai/tts/clone Create a voice clone from an audio sample for use with the Text-to-Speech API. ### Body A descriptive name for the voice clone. This helps you identify the voice in your account. A public URL to an audio file that will be used as the source for creating the voice clone. The unique identifier of an audio file in Jigsawstack file storage that contains a sample of the voice you want to clone. You must provide either a `url` or a `file_store_key`, but at least one is required. You cannot provide both at the same time. ```javascript Javascript import { JigsawStack } from "jigsawstack"; const jigsaw = JigsawStack({ apiKey: "your-api-key" }); const response = await jigsaw.audio.create_clone({ "url": "https://jigsawstack.com/preview/tts-clone-example.mp3", "name": "Elon Musk" }) ``` ```python Python from jigsawstack import JigsawStack jigsaw = JigsawStack(api_key="your-api-key") response = jigsaw.audio.create_clone({ "url": "https://jigsawstack.com/preview/tts-clone-example.mp3", "name": "Elon Musk" }) ``` ```bash Curl curl https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/ai/tts/clone \ -X POST \ -H 'Content-Type: application/json' \ -H 'x-api-key: your-api-key' \ -d '{"url":"https://jigsawstack.com/preview/tts-clone-example.mp3","name":"Elon Musk"}' ``` ```php PHP 'https://jigsawstack.com/preview/tts-clone-example.mp3', 'name' => 'Elon Musk' }.to_json req_options = { use_ssl: uri.scheme == 'https' } res = Net::HTTP.start(uri.hostname, uri.port, req_options) do |http| http.request(req) end ``` ```go Go package main import ( "fmt" "io" "log" "net/http" "strings" ) func main() { client := &http.Client{} var data = strings.NewReader(`{"url":"https://jigsawstack.com/preview/tts-clone-example.mp3","name":"Elon Musk"}`) req, err := http.NewRequest("POST", "https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/ai/tts/clone", data) if err != nil { log.Fatal(err) } req.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/json") req.Header.Set("x-api-key", "your-api-key") resp, err := client.Do(req) if err != nil { log.Fatal(err) } defer resp.Body.Close() bodyText, err := io.ReadAll(resp.Body) if err != nil { log.Fatal(err) } fmt.Printf("%s\n", bodyText) } ``` ```java Java import java.io.IOException; import java.net.URI; import java.net.http.HttpClient; import java.net.http.HttpRequest; import java.net.http.HttpRequest.BodyPublishers; import java.net.http.HttpResponse; HttpClient client = HttpClient.newHttpClient(); HttpRequest request = HttpRequest.newBuilder() .uri(URI.create("https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/ai/tts/clone")) .POST(BodyPublishers.ofString("{\"url\":\"https://jigsawstack.com/preview/tts-clone-example.mp3\",\"name\":\"Elon Musk\"}")) .setHeader("Content-Type", "application/json") .setHeader("x-api-key", "your-api-key") .build(); HttpResponse response = client.send(request, HttpResponse.BodyHandlers.ofString()); ``` ```swift Swift import Foundation let jsonData = [ "url": "https://jigsawstack.com/preview/tts-clone-example.mp3", "name": "Elon Musk" ] as [String : Any] let data = try! JSONSerialization.data(withJSONObject: jsonData, options: []) let url = URL(string: "https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/ai/tts/clone")! let headers = [ "Content-Type": "application/json", "x-api-key": "your-api-key" ] var request = URLRequest(url: url) request.httpMethod = "POST" request.allHTTPHeaderFields = headers request.httpBody = data as Data let task = URLSession.shared.dataTask(with: request) { (data, response, error) in if let error = error { print(error) } else if let data = data { let str = String(data: data, encoding: .utf8) print(str ?? "") } } task.resume() ``` ```dart Dart import 'package:http/http.dart' as http; void main() async { final headers = { 'Content-Type': 'application/json', 'x-api-key': 'your-api-key', }; final data = '{"url":"https://jigsawstack.com/preview/tts-clone-example.mp3","name":"Elon Musk"}'; final url = Uri.parse('https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/ai/tts/clone'); final res = await http.post(url, headers: headers, body: data); final status = res.statusCode; if (status != 200) throw Exception('http.post error: statusCode= $status'); print(res.body); } ``` ```kotlin Kotlin import java.io.IOException import okhttp3.MediaType.Companion.toMediaType import okhttp3.OkHttpClient import okhttp3.Request import okhttp3.RequestBody.Companion.toRequestBody val client = OkHttpClient() val MEDIA_TYPE = "application/json".toMediaType() val requestBody = "{\"url\":\"https://jigsawstack.com/preview/tts-clone-example.mp3\",\"name\":\"Elon Musk\"}" val request = Request.Builder() .url("https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/ai/tts/clone") .post(requestBody.toRequestBody(MEDIA_TYPE)) .header("Content-Type", "application/json") .header("x-api-key", "your-api-key") .build() client.newCall(request).execute().use { response -> if (!response.isSuccessful) throw IOException("Unexpected code $response") response.body!!.string() } ``` ```csharp C# using System.Net.Http; using System.Net.Http.Headers; HttpClient client = new HttpClient(); HttpRequestMessage request = new HttpRequestMessage(HttpMethod.Post, "https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/ai/tts/clone"); request.Headers.Add("x-api-key", "your-api-key"); request.Content = new StringContent("{\"url\":\"https://jigsawstack.com/preview/tts-clone-example.mp3\",\"name\":\"Elon Musk\"}"); request.Content.Headers.ContentType = new MediaTypeHeaderValue("application/json"); HttpResponseMessage response = await client.SendAsync(request); response.EnsureSuccessStatusCode(); string responseBody = await response.Content.ReadAsStringAsync(); ``` ```json Response { "voice_id": "81dbed76-73fb-4415-9c61-ca4981b548b1", "_usage": { "input_tokens": 7, "output_tokens": 4, "inference_time_tokens": 374, "total_tokens": 385 } } ``` # Delete Voice Clone Source: https://jigsawstack.com/docs/api-reference/audio/tts/delete-clone DELETE https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/ai/tts/clone/${voice_id} Delete a voice clone from the list of clones ### Query The voice id of the clone you want to delete. ```javascript Javascript import { JigsawStack } from "jigsawstack"; const jigsaw = JigsawStack({ apiKey: "your-api-key" }); const response = await jigsaw.audio.delete_clone({}) ``` ```python Python from jigsawstack import JigsawStack jigsaw = JigsawStack(api_key="your-api-key") response = jigsaw.audio.delete_clone({}) ``` ```bash Curl curl https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/ai/tts/clone/${voice_id} \ -X DELETE \ -H 'Content-Type: application/json' \ -H 'x-api-key: your-api-key' ``` ```php PHP response = client.send(request, HttpResponse.BodyHandlers.ofString()); ``` ```swift Swift import Foundation let url = URL(string: "https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/ai/tts/clone/" + (ProcessInfo.processInfo.environment["voice_id"] ?? ""))! let headers = [ "Content-Type": "application/json", "x-api-key": "your-api-key" ] var request = URLRequest(url: url) request.httpMethod = "DELETE" request.allHTTPHeaderFields = headers let task = URLSession.shared.dataTask(with: request) { (data, response, error) in if let error = error { print(error) } else if let data = data { let str = String(data: data, encoding: .utf8) print(str ?? "") } } task.resume() ``` ```dart Dart import 'dart:io'; import 'package:http/http.dart' as http; void main() async { final headers = { 'Content-Type': 'application/json', 'x-api-key': 'your-api-key', }; final url = Uri.parse('https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/ai/tts/clone/' + (Platform.environment['voice_id'] ?? '')); final res = await http.delete(url, headers: headers); final status = res.statusCode; if (status != 200) throw Exception('http.delete error: statusCode= $status'); print(res.body); } ``` ```kotlin Kotlin import java.io.IOException import java.lang.System import okhttp3.OkHttpClient import okhttp3.Request import okhttp3.RequestBody.Companion.toRequestBody val client = OkHttpClient() val request = Request.Builder() .url("https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/ai/tts/clone/" + System.getenv("voice_id") ?: "") .delete("".toRequestBody()) .header("Content-Type", "application/json") .header("x-api-key", "your-api-key") .build() client.newCall(request).execute().use { response -> if (!response.isSuccessful) throw IOException("Unexpected code $response") response.body!!.string() } ``` ```csharp C# using System; using System.Net.Http; using System.Net.Http.Headers; HttpClient client = new HttpClient(); HttpRequestMessage request = new HttpRequestMessage(HttpMethod.Delete, "https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/ai/tts/clone/" + Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable("voice_id")); request.Headers.Add("x-api-key", "your-api-key"); request.Content = new StringContent(""); request.Content.Headers.ContentType = new MediaTypeHeaderValue("application/json"); HttpResponseMessage response = await client.SendAsync(request); response.EnsureSuccessStatusCode(); string responseBody = await response.Content.ReadAsStringAsync(); ``` # List Voice Clones Source: https://jigsawstack.com/docs/api-reference/audio/tts/list-clones GET https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/ai/tts/clone/ Get a list of voice clones ### Body The maximum number of voice clones to return in a single request. The page number for pagination. Use this to retrieve additional voice clones when the total count exceeds the limit. Starts from 1. ```javascript Javascript import { JigsawStack } from "jigsawstack"; const jigsaw = JigsawStack({ apiKey: "your-api-key" }); const response = await jigsaw.audio.list_clones({}) ``` ```python Python from jigsawstack import JigsawStack jigsaw = JigsawStack(api_key="your-api-key") response = jigsaw.audio.list_clones({}) ``` ```bash Curl curl https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/ai/tts/clone \ -X GET \ -H 'Content-Type: application/json' \ -H 'x-api-key: your-api-key' ``` ```php PHP response = client.send(request, HttpResponse.BodyHandlers.ofString()); ``` ```swift Swift import Foundation let url = URL(string: "https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/ai/tts/clone")! let headers = [ "Content-Type": "application/json", "x-api-key": "your-api-key" ] var request = URLRequest(url: url) request.allHTTPHeaderFields = headers let task = URLSession.shared.dataTask(with: request) { (data, response, error) in if let error = error { print(error) } else if let data = data { let str = String(data: data, encoding: .utf8) print(str ?? "") } } task.resume() ``` ```dart Dart import 'package:http/http.dart' as http; void main() async { final headers = { 'Content-Type': 'application/json', 'x-api-key': 'your-api-key', }; final url = Uri.parse('https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/ai/tts/clone'); final res = await http.get(url, headers: headers); final status = res.statusCode; if (status != 200) throw Exception('http.get error: statusCode= $status'); print(res.body); } ``` ```kotlin Kotlin import java.io.IOException import okhttp3.OkHttpClient import okhttp3.Request val client = OkHttpClient() val request = Request.Builder() .url("https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/ai/tts/clone") .header("Content-Type", "application/json") .header("x-api-key", "your-api-key") .build() client.newCall(request).execute().use { response -> if (!response.isSuccessful) throw IOException("Unexpected code $response") response.body!!.string() } ``` ```csharp C# using System.Net.Http; using System.Net.Http.Headers; HttpClient client = new HttpClient(); HttpRequestMessage request = new HttpRequestMessage(HttpMethod.Get, "https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/ai/tts/clone"); request.Headers.Add("x-api-key", "your-api-key"); request.Content = new StringContent(""); request.Content.Headers.ContentType = new MediaTypeHeaderValue("application/json"); HttpResponseMessage response = await client.SendAsync(request); response.EnsureSuccessStatusCode(); string responseBody = await response.Content.ReadAsStringAsync(); ``` ```json Response { "voice_clones": [ { "id": "35539d10-c2d8-42c2-a83a-813f4a6e3eda", "name": "Test Voice", "created_at": "2025-05-23T18:10:18.350056+00:00" }, { "id": "20090c35-3fc1-4607-8988-8c541b3ddc57", "name": "Test Voice Clone URL", "created_at": "2025-05-23T18:00:44.538923+00:00" }, { "id": "5566dc83-5a20-47b5-8030-baac32af5887", "name": "Elon Musk", "created_at": "2025-05-22T23:02:55.159355+00:00" }, { "id": "2c57465d-1ffb-42f7-909a-d587bc9f977e", "name": "test url voice", "created_at": "2025-05-22T20:49:05.03065+00:00" }, { "id": "3687606c-b57b-428b-afc1-dadba390a831", "name": "Test Voice Clone URL", "created_at": "2025-05-22T17:47:00.16744+00:00" }, { "id": "85c17d9e-9b0d-43d0-be7a-9006b55fafd0", "name": "Test Voice Clone URL", "created_at": "2025-05-22T07:13:08.975841+00:00" }, { "id": "11c1a895-38df-4a1b-ae93-308262700a9a", "name": "test", "created_at": "2025-05-22T00:59:05.551564+00:00" }, { "id": "7cb69b7e-6015-47c4-aa43-e8715bbe99bc", "name": "test", "created_at": "2025-05-22T00:58:48.740324+00:00" }, { "id": "734a767d-35a3-474a-99fe-1f10a9bfb867", "name": "test", "created_at": "2025-05-22T00:30:18.967723+00:00" } ], "page": 0, "limit": 10, "has_more": false, "_usage": { "input_tokens": 1, "output_tokens": 83, "inference_time_tokens": 238, "total_tokens": 322 } } ``` # Text to Speech Source: https://jigsawstack.com/docs/api-reference/audio/tts/text-to-speech POST https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/ai/tts Transform text into natural-sounding human-like AI voices with low latency and exceptional quality. ## Overview The Text to Speech API converts written text into lifelike speech with options for: * Multiple languages and accents (700+ different voices) * Voice cloning from audio samples * High-quality, natural-sounding output ## Request Parameters ### Body The text to generate speech from. Character Limits: - Standard TTS: 5-1,500 characters - Voice Cloning TTS: 5-500 characters Speaker voice accent. Not required if using voice cloning. Over 700 different voices across multiple languages are available. See the [Speaker Voice Accents documentation](https://docs.jigsawstack.com/additional-resources/speaker-voices) for the complete list. The unique identifier for a previously cloned voice. When provided, the API will generate speech using this pre-cloned voice profile instead of creating a new one. For best results, the `accent` should match the language of the text for accurate pronunciation, even when using a cloned voice. You can use either a built-in voice by specifying just the `accent`, or provide both an `accent` and a `voice_clone_id` to use a previously cloned voice. ## Response The API returns the generated audio file directly in the response body as binary data, typically in MP3 format. ## Popular Voice Accents Here's a selection of commonly used voice accents: ### English Voices * `en-US-female-27` (Default) - American English, Female 27 * `en-US-male-24` - American English, Male 24 * `en-GB-female-2` - British English, Female 2 * `en-GB-male-2` - British English, Male 2 * `en-AU-female-2` - Australian English, Female 2 * `en-IN-female-3` - Indian English, Female 3 ### Other Languages * `fr-FR-female-12` - French, Female 12 * `de-DE-female-1` - German, Female 1 * `es-ES-female-9` - Spanish (Spain), Female 9 * `es-MX-female-12` - Spanish (Mexico), Female 12 * `ja-JP-female-14` - Japanese, Female 14 * `zh-CN-female-15` - Chinese (Mandarin), Female 15 ## Voice Cloning Voice cloning allows you to generate speech that mimics a specific voice from an audio sample. This is useful for creating custom voices for applications, personalized assistants, or consistent brand voices. ### Using Voice Cloning 1. Provide a clear audio sample using either: * `speaker_clone_url` - Direct URL to an audio file * `speaker_clone_file_store_key` - Key to a file in Jigsawstack storage 2. Provide the text you want to convert to speech (maximum 500 characters) 3. The API will analyze the sample and generate speech with similar voice characteristics ### Best Practices for Voice Cloning * Use high-quality audio samples with minimal background noise * Samples should be clear speech without music or other voices * Longer samples (30+ seconds) provide better voice modeling * For best results, the sample should contain speech similar in tone and style to your desired output ## Getting Available Voices To retrieve the complete list of available voices programmatically: ```javascript const voices = await jigsawstack.audio.speaker_voice_accents(); console.log(voices); ``` ```python voices = jigsawstack.audio.speaker_voice_accents() print(voices) ``` ## Common Use Cases * **Content Creation**: Generate voiceovers for videos, podcasts, and presentations * **Accessibility**: Convert written content to audio for visually impaired users * **Interactive Applications**: Build voice assistants, language learning apps, and interactive experiences * **Customer Service**: Create automated voice responses for customer service systems * **Localization**: Translate and vocalize content in multiple languages * **Personalization**: Clone a specific voice for consistent brand messaging ```javascript Javascript import { JigsawStack } from "jigsawstack"; const jigsaw = JigsawStack({ apiKey: "your-api-key" }); const response = await jigsaw.audio.text_to_speech({ "text": "Hello, world!", "accent": "en-US-female-27" }) ``` ```python Python from jigsawstack import JigsawStack jigsaw = JigsawStack(api_key="your-api-key") response = jigsaw.audio.text_to_speech({ "text": "Hello, world!", "accent": "en-US-female-27" }) ``` ```bash Curl curl https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/ai/tts \ -X POST \ -H 'Content-Type: application/json' \ -H 'x-api-key: your-api-key' \ -d '{"text":"Hello, world!","accent":"en-US-female-27"}' ``` ```php PHP 'Hello, world!', 'accent' => 'en-US-female-27' }.to_json req_options = { use_ssl: uri.scheme == 'https' } res = Net::HTTP.start(uri.hostname, uri.port, req_options) do |http| http.request(req) end ``` ```go Go package main import ( "fmt" "io" "log" "net/http" "strings" ) func main() { client := &http.Client{} var data = strings.NewReader(`{"text":"Hello, world!","accent":"en-US-female-27"}`) req, err := http.NewRequest("POST", "https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/ai/tts", data) if err != nil { log.Fatal(err) } req.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/json") req.Header.Set("x-api-key", "your-api-key") resp, err := client.Do(req) if err != nil { log.Fatal(err) } defer resp.Body.Close() bodyText, err := io.ReadAll(resp.Body) if err != nil { log.Fatal(err) } fmt.Printf("%s\n", bodyText) } ``` ```java Java import java.io.IOException; import java.net.URI; import java.net.http.HttpClient; import java.net.http.HttpRequest; import java.net.http.HttpRequest.BodyPublishers; import java.net.http.HttpResponse; HttpClient client = HttpClient.newHttpClient(); HttpRequest request = HttpRequest.newBuilder() .uri(URI.create("https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/ai/tts")) .POST(BodyPublishers.ofString("{\"text\":\"Hello, world!\",\"accent\":\"en-US-female-27\"}")) .setHeader("Content-Type", "application/json") .setHeader("x-api-key", "your-api-key") .build(); HttpResponse response = client.send(request, HttpResponse.BodyHandlers.ofString()); ``` ```swift Swift import Foundation let jsonData = [ "text": "Hello, world!", "accent": "en-US-female-27" ] as [String : Any] let data = try! JSONSerialization.data(withJSONObject: jsonData, options: []) let url = URL(string: "https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/ai/tts")! let headers = [ "Content-Type": "application/json", "x-api-key": "your-api-key" ] var request = URLRequest(url: url) request.httpMethod = "POST" request.allHTTPHeaderFields = headers request.httpBody = data as Data let task = URLSession.shared.dataTask(with: request) { (data, response, error) in if let error = error { print(error) } else if let data = data { let str = String(data: data, encoding: .utf8) print(str ?? "") } } task.resume() ``` ```dart Dart import 'package:http/http.dart' as http; void main() async { final headers = { 'Content-Type': 'application/json', 'x-api-key': 'your-api-key', }; final data = '{"text":"Hello, world!","accent":"en-US-female-27"}'; final url = Uri.parse('https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/ai/tts'); final res = await http.post(url, headers: headers, body: data); final status = res.statusCode; if (status != 200) throw Exception('http.post error: statusCode= $status'); print(res.body); } ``` ```kotlin Kotlin import java.io.IOException import okhttp3.MediaType.Companion.toMediaType import okhttp3.OkHttpClient import okhttp3.Request import okhttp3.RequestBody.Companion.toRequestBody val client = OkHttpClient() val MEDIA_TYPE = "application/json".toMediaType() val requestBody = "{\"text\":\"Hello, world!\",\"accent\":\"en-US-female-27\"}" val request = Request.Builder() .url("https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/ai/tts") .post(requestBody.toRequestBody(MEDIA_TYPE)) .header("Content-Type", "application/json") .header("x-api-key", "your-api-key") .build() client.newCall(request).execute().use { response -> if (!response.isSuccessful) throw IOException("Unexpected code $response") response.body!!.string() } ``` ```csharp C# using System.Net.Http; using System.Net.Http.Headers; HttpClient client = new HttpClient(); HttpRequestMessage request = new HttpRequestMessage(HttpMethod.Post, "https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/ai/tts"); request.Headers.Add("x-api-key", "your-api-key"); request.Content = new StringContent("{\"text\":\"Hello, world!\",\"accent\":\"en-US-female-27\"}"); request.Content.Headers.ContentType = new MediaTypeHeaderValue("application/json"); HttpResponseMessage response = await client.SendAsync(request); response.EnsureSuccessStatusCode(); string responseBody = await response.Content.ReadAsStringAsync(); ``` # Authentication Source: https://jigsawstack.com/docs/api-reference/authentication Secure Access to JigsawStack API & SDK. ## Retrieve your API key * Log in to your JigsawStack [dashboard](https://jigsawstack.com/dashboard) * Navigate to Keys tab. * Click on `+ Create new key` button to create a new API key. * Copy the API key and securely store it in your environment variables. ## Secret and Public keys The JigsawStack API has two types of API keys: `secret` and `public`. ### Secret keys * Secret API keys are great for backend services. A secret key can access all APIs without any restrictions. Secret Key Setup Your `secret` API key should never be public, shared or exposed in a github repository. ### Public API keys * Public API keys are ideal for frontend applications, allowing direct API calls from the client side. However, it's important to set public key restrictions for added security. #### Public Key Restrictions 1. **API access** - Limits public key access to the specified APIs. 2. **Whitelist domains(routes)** - Restrict public key access to the specified domains. Public Key Setup Domain whitelisting is recommended when creating `public` api keys. ## Base URL The JigsawStack base URL is built on REST principles. We enforce HTTPS in every request to improve data security, integrity, and privacy. The base URL does not support HTTP. Base URL `https://api.jigsawstack.com` The JigsawStack API uses API keys to authenticate requests. You can view and manage your API keys in the JigsawStack Dashboard. ## SDK authentication * Configure API key as an environment variable ```bash .env JIGSAWSTACK_API_KEY='your-api-key' ``` * Authenticate ```javascript Javascript/Typescript const jigsawstack = JigsawStack({ apiKey: process.env.JIGSAWSTACK_API_KEY }); ``` ```python Python jigsawstack = JigsawStack(api_key=os.environ["JIGSAWSTACK_API_KEY"]) ``` ## API request * Attach the header parameter `x-api-key` with the API key obtained from your dashboard. ```js const headers = { "x-api-key": "", }; const baseUrl = "https://api.jigsawstack.com"; const result = await fetch(`${baseUrl}/v1/ai/summary`, { method: "POST", body: { text: "The Leaning Tower of Pisa, or simply, the Tower of Pisa, is the campanile, or freestanding bell tower, of Pisa Cathedral", }, headers, }); ``` * You can also add `x-api-key` as query parameter. ```js const baseUrl = "https://api.jigsawstack.com"; await fetch(`${baseUrl}/v1/ai/summary?x-api-key=`); ``` `x-api-key` as query parameter only works for public API keys. ## Protecting against key leakage. * Avoid storing keys in source code repositories (e.g., GitHub). Bad actors often scan public repositories for leaked keys. Even if the repository is private, it can still be accessed by team members in their development environments. * Never embed secret keys directly in applications. Instead, read them from environment variables to keep them secure. * Use only public keys in client-side applications. Ensure that you whitelist specific domains that can access this public key to prevent unauthorized use. * Store secret keys in secure key management systems (KMS). When creating a key (e.g., from the JigsawStack Dashboard), it will only be revealed once. Immediately copy the key to a KMS, which is designed to handle sensitive information with encryption and access controls. Ensure that you don't leave a copy of the key in any local files. # Errors Source: https://jigsawstack.com/docs/api-reference/error JigsawStack uses standard HTTP response codes to indicate the success or failure of an API request. ## Error Codes * 2xx codes indicate success. For example, a 200 OK code indicates that the request was successful. * 4xx codes indicate an error that was caused by the client. For example, a 400 Bad Request code indicates that the request was malformed. * 5xx codes indicate an error that was caused by the server. For example, a 500 Internal Server Error code indicates that the server encountered an unexpected error. | Code | Description | | -------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------ | | **200** - OK | The request was successful. | | **400** - Bad Request | The request was malformed. | | **401** - Unauthorized | No valid API key provided. | | **403** - Forbidden | The API key doesn't have permissions to perform the request. | | **404** - Not Found | The requested resource doesn't exist. | | **405** - Method not found | The requested resource doesn't exist. | | **500** - Server Error | The server encountered an unexpected error. | # Create Prompt Source: https://jigsawstack.com/docs/api-reference/prompt-engine/create POST https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/prompt_engine Create a prompt for easy reuse. ### Body The prompt. Maximum character limit is `500000`. Prompt supports dynamic inputs. See example below. The prompt inputs. See example below. How the prompt result should be returned or formatted. See examples below Include this to guard against unsafe inputs from users. Supported values:
  • `defamation`
  • `privacy`
  • `hate`
  • `sexual_content`
  • `elections`
  • `code_interpreter_abuse`
  • `indiscrimate_weapons`
  • `specialized_advice`
 Include this to optimize the prompt for best results. True by default. Include this to allow prompt engine to use the internet. ## Sample Prompt Payload * String `return_prompt` ```javascript { prompt: "Tell me a story about {about}", inputs: [ { key: "about", optional: false, initial_value: "Leaning Tower of Pisa", }, ], return_prompt: "Return the result in a markdown format", "prompt_guard": ["sexual_content", "defamation"] } ``` * `Array` `return_prompt` ```javascript { prompt: "Tell me a story about {about}", inputs: [ { key: "about", optional: "false", initial_value: "Leaning Tower of Pisa", }, ], return_prompt: [{ excerpt: "short story text", summary: "summary of story" }], "prompt_guard": ["sexual_content", "defamation"] } ``` * Object `return_prompt` ```javascript { prompt: "Tell me a story about {about}", inputs: [ { key: "about", optional: false, initial_value: "Leaning Tower of Pisa", }, ], return_prompt: { excerpt: "short story text", summary: "summary of story" }, "prompt_guard": ["sexual_content", "defamation"] } ``` ### Response Indicates whether the call was successful. ```javascript Javascript import { JigsawStack } from "jigsawstack"; const jigsaw = JigsawStack({ apiKey: "your-api-key" }); const response = await jigsaw.prompt_engine.create({ "prompt": "Tell me a story about {about}", "inputs": [ { "key": "about", "optional": false, "initial_value": "Leaning Tower of Pisa" } ], "return_prompt": "Return the result in a markdown format", "prompt_guard": [ "sexual_content", "defamation" ] }) ``` ```python Python from jigsawstack import JigsawStack jigsaw = JigsawStack(api_key="your-api-key") response = jigsaw.prompt_engine.create({ "prompt": "Tell me a story about {about}", "inputs": [ { "key": "about", "optional": false, "initial_value": "Leaning Tower of Pisa" } ], "return_prompt": "Return the result in a markdown format", "prompt_guard": [ "sexual_content", "defamation" ] }) ``` ```bash Curl curl https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/prompt_engine \ -X POST \ -H 'Content-Type: application/json' \ -H 'x-api-key: your-api-key' \ -d '{"prompt":"Tell me a story about {about}","inputs":[{"key":"about","optional":false,"initial_value":"Leaning Tower of Pisa"}],"return_prompt":"Return the result in a markdown format","prompt_guard":["sexual_content","defamation"]}' ``` ```php PHP 'Tell me a story about {about}', 'inputs' => [ { 'key' => 'about', 'optional' => false, 'initial_value' => 'Leaning Tower of Pisa' } ], 'return_prompt' => 'Return the result in a markdown format', 'prompt_guard' => [ 'sexual_content', 'defamation' ] }.to_json req_options = { use_ssl: uri.scheme == 'https' } res = Net::HTTP.start(uri.hostname, uri.port, req_options) do |http| http.request(req) end ``` ```go Go package main import ( "fmt" "io" "log" "net/http" "strings" ) func main() { client := &http.Client{} var data = strings.NewReader(`{"prompt":"Tell me a story about {about}","inputs":[{"key":"about","optional":false,"initial_value":"Leaning Tower of Pisa"}],"return_prompt":"Return the result in a markdown format","prompt_guard":["sexual_content","defamation"]}`) req, err := http.NewRequest("POST", "https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/prompt_engine", data) if err != nil { log.Fatal(err) } req.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/json") req.Header.Set("x-api-key", "your-api-key") resp, err := client.Do(req) if err != nil { log.Fatal(err) } defer resp.Body.Close() bodyText, err := io.ReadAll(resp.Body) if err != nil { log.Fatal(err) } fmt.Printf("%s\n", bodyText) } ``` ```java Java import java.io.IOException; import java.net.URI; import java.net.http.HttpClient; import java.net.http.HttpRequest; import java.net.http.HttpRequest.BodyPublishers; import java.net.http.HttpResponse; HttpClient client = HttpClient.newHttpClient(); HttpRequest request = HttpRequest.newBuilder() .uri(URI.create("https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/prompt_engine")) .POST(BodyPublishers.ofString("{\"prompt\":\"Tell me a story about {about}\",\"inputs\":[{\"key\":\"about\",\"optional\":false,\"initial_value\":\"Leaning Tower of Pisa\"}],\"return_prompt\":\"Return the result in a markdown format\",\"prompt_guard\":[\"sexual_content\",\"defamation\"]}")) .setHeader("Content-Type", "application/json") .setHeader("x-api-key", "your-api-key") .build(); HttpResponse response = client.send(request, HttpResponse.BodyHandlers.ofString()); ``` ```swift Swift import Foundation let jsonData = [ "prompt": "Tell me a story about {about}", "inputs": [ [ "key": "about", "optional": false, "initial_value": "Leaning Tower of Pisa" ] ], "return_prompt": "Return the result in a markdown format", "prompt_guard": [ "sexual_content", "defamation" ] ] as [String : Any] let data = try! JSONSerialization.data(withJSONObject: jsonData, options: []) let url = URL(string: "https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/prompt_engine")! let headers = [ "Content-Type": "application/json", "x-api-key": "your-api-key" ] var request = URLRequest(url: url) request.httpMethod = "POST" request.allHTTPHeaderFields = headers request.httpBody = data as Data let task = URLSession.shared.dataTask(with: request) { (data, response, error) in if let error = error { print(error) } else if let data = data { let str = String(data: data, encoding: .utf8) print(str ?? "") } } task.resume() ``` ```dart Dart import 'package:http/http.dart' as http; void main() async { final headers = { 'Content-Type': 'application/json', 'x-api-key': 'your-api-key', }; final data = '{"prompt":"Tell me a story about {about}","inputs":[{"key":"about","optional":false,"initial_value":"Leaning Tower of Pisa"}],"return_prompt":"Return the result in a markdown format","prompt_guard":["sexual_content","defamation"]}'; final url = Uri.parse('https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/prompt_engine'); final res = await http.post(url, headers: headers, body: data); final status = res.statusCode; if (status != 200) throw Exception('http.post error: statusCode= $status'); print(res.body); } ``` ```kotlin Kotlin import java.io.IOException import okhttp3.MediaType.Companion.toMediaType import okhttp3.OkHttpClient import okhttp3.Request import okhttp3.RequestBody.Companion.toRequestBody val client = OkHttpClient() val MEDIA_TYPE = "application/json".toMediaType() val requestBody = "{\"prompt\":\"Tell me a story about {about}\",\"inputs\":[{\"key\":\"about\",\"optional\":false,\"initial_value\":\"Leaning Tower of Pisa\"}],\"return_prompt\":\"Return the result in a markdown format\",\"prompt_guard\":[\"sexual_content\",\"defamation\"]}" val request = Request.Builder() .url("https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/prompt_engine") .post(requestBody.toRequestBody(MEDIA_TYPE)) .header("Content-Type", "application/json") .header("x-api-key", "your-api-key") .build() client.newCall(request).execute().use { response -> if (!response.isSuccessful) throw IOException("Unexpected code $response") response.body!!.string() } ``` ```csharp C# using System.Net.Http; using System.Net.Http.Headers; HttpClient client = new HttpClient(); HttpRequestMessage request = new HttpRequestMessage(HttpMethod.Post, "https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/prompt_engine"); request.Headers.Add("x-api-key", "your-api-key"); request.Content = new StringContent("{\"prompt\":\"Tell me a story about {about}\",\"inputs\":[{\"key\":\"about\",\"optional\":false,\"initial_value\":\"Leaning Tower of Pisa\"}],\"return_prompt\":\"Return the result in a markdown format\",\"prompt_guard\":[\"sexual_content\",\"defamation\"]}"); request.Content.Headers.ContentType = new MediaTypeHeaderValue("application/json"); HttpResponseMessage response = await client.SendAsync(request); response.EnsureSuccessStatusCode(); string responseBody = await response.Content.ReadAsStringAsync(); ``` ```json Response { "success": true, "prompt_engine_id": "b2a69f1f-e5d7-4645-9ab3-cc79b495e161", "optimized_prompt": "Create an engaging and imaginative story centered around the theme of {about}, incorporating vivid descriptions and compelling characters.", "_usage": { "input_tokens": 58, "output_tokens": 59, "inference_time_tokens": 1021, "total_tokens": 1138 } } ``` # Delete a Prompt Source: https://jigsawstack.com/docs/api-reference/prompt-engine/delete DELETE https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/prompt_engine/{id} Deletes a prompt engine. ### Path Params The prompt ID. ### Response Indicates whether the call was successful. ```javascript Javascript import { JigsawStack } from "jigsawstack"; const jigsaw = JigsawStack({ apiKey: "your-api-key" }); const response = await jigsaw.prompt_engine.delete({ "promptId": "dc578c69-6eb5-4c5b-82ab-9f74077cfdd5" }) ``` ```python Python from jigsawstack import JigsawStack jigsaw = JigsawStack(api_key="your-api-key") response = jigsaw.prompt_engine.delete({ "promptId": "dc578c69-6eb5-4c5b-82ab-9f74077cfdd5" }) ``` ```bash Curl curl https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/prompt_engine/${id}?promptId=dc578c69-6eb5-4c5b-82ab-9f74077cfdd5 \ -X DELETE \ -H 'Content-Type: application/json' \ -H 'x-api-key: your-api-key' ``` ```php PHP 'dc578c69-6eb5-4c5b-82ab-9f74077cfdd5', } uri.query = URI.encode_www_form(params) req = Net::HTTP::Delete.new(uri) req.content_type = 'application/json' req['x-api-key'] = 'your-api-key' req_options = { use_ssl: uri.scheme == 'https' } res = Net::HTTP.start(uri.hostname, uri.port, req_options) do |http| http.request(req) end ``` ```go Go package main import ( "fmt" "io" "log" "net/http" "os" ) func main() { client := &http.Client{} req, err := http.NewRequest("DELETE", "https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/prompt_engine/" + os.Getenv("id") + "?promptId=dc578c69-6eb5-4c5b-82ab-9f74077cfdd5", nil) if err != nil { log.Fatal(err) } req.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/json") req.Header.Set("x-api-key", "your-api-key") resp, err := client.Do(req) if err != nil { log.Fatal(err) } defer resp.Body.Close() bodyText, err := io.ReadAll(resp.Body) if err != nil { log.Fatal(err) } fmt.Printf("%s\n", bodyText) } ``` ```java Java import java.io.IOException; import java.lang.System; import java.net.URI; import java.net.http.HttpClient; import java.net.http.HttpRequest; import java.net.http.HttpResponse; HttpClient client = HttpClient.newHttpClient(); HttpRequest request = HttpRequest.newBuilder() .uri(URI.create("https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/prompt_engine/" + System.getenv("id") + "?promptId=dc578c69-6eb5-4c5b-82ab-9f74077cfdd5")) .DELETE() .setHeader("Content-Type", "application/json") .setHeader("x-api-key", "your-api-key") .build(); HttpResponse response = client.send(request, HttpResponse.BodyHandlers.ofString()); ``` ```swift Swift import Foundation let url = URL(string: "https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/prompt_engine/" + (ProcessInfo.processInfo.environment["id"] ?? "") + "?promptId=dc578c69-6eb5-4c5b-82ab-9f74077cfdd5")! let headers = [ "Content-Type": "application/json", "x-api-key": "your-api-key" ] var request = URLRequest(url: url) request.httpMethod = "DELETE" request.allHTTPHeaderFields = headers let task = URLSession.shared.dataTask(with: request) { (data, response, error) in if let error = error { print(error) } else if let data = data { let str = String(data: data, encoding: .utf8) print(str ?? "") } } task.resume() ``` ```dart Dart import 'dart:io'; import 'package:http/http.dart' as http; void main() async { final headers = { 'Content-Type': 'application/json', 'x-api-key': 'your-api-key', }; final params = { 'promptId': 'dc578c69-6eb5-4c5b-82ab-9f74077cfdd5', }; final url = Uri.parse('https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/prompt_engine/' + (Platform.environment['id'] ?? '')) .replace(queryParameters: params); final res = await http.delete(url, headers: headers); final status = res.statusCode; if (status != 200) throw Exception('http.delete error: statusCode= $status'); print(res.body); } ``` ```kotlin Kotlin import java.io.IOException import java.lang.System import okhttp3.OkHttpClient import okhttp3.Request import okhttp3.RequestBody.Companion.toRequestBody val client = OkHttpClient() val request = Request.Builder() .url("https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/prompt_engine/" + System.getenv("id") ?: "" + "?promptId=dc578c69-6eb5-4c5b-82ab-9f74077cfdd5") .delete("".toRequestBody()) .header("Content-Type", "application/json") .header("x-api-key", "your-api-key") .build() client.newCall(request).execute().use { response -> if (!response.isSuccessful) throw IOException("Unexpected code $response") response.body!!.string() } ``` ```csharp C# using System; using System.Net.Http; using System.Net.Http.Headers; HttpClient client = new HttpClient(); HttpRequestMessage request = new HttpRequestMessage(HttpMethod.Delete, "https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/prompt_engine/" + Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable("id") + "?promptId=dc578c69-6eb5-4c5b-82ab-9f74077cfdd5"); request.Headers.Add("x-api-key", "your-api-key"); request.Content = new StringContent(""); request.Content.Headers.ContentType = new MediaTypeHeaderValue("application/json"); HttpResponseMessage response = await client.SendAsync(request); response.EnsureSuccessStatusCode(); string responseBody = await response.Content.ReadAsStringAsync(); ``` # List Prompts Source: https://jigsawstack.com/docs/api-reference/prompt-engine/list GET https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/prompt_engine List all prompts in your project. ### Query The maximum number of prompts to be returned. The page to return. ### Response Indicates whether the call was successful. ```javascript Javascript import { JigsawStack } from "jigsawstack"; const jigsaw = JigsawStack({ apiKey: "your-api-key" }); const response = await jigsaw.prompt_engine.list({ "limit": "10" }) ``` ```python Python from jigsawstack import JigsawStack jigsaw = JigsawStack(api_key="your-api-key") response = jigsaw.prompt_engine.list({ "limit": "10" }) ``` ```bash Curl curl https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/prompt_engine?limit=10 \ -X GET \ -H 'Content-Type: application/json' \ -H 'x-api-key: your-api-key' ``` ```php PHP '10', } uri.query = URI.encode_www_form(params) req = Net::HTTP::Get.new(uri) req.content_type = 'application/json' req['x-api-key'] = 'your-api-key' req_options = { use_ssl: uri.scheme == 'https' } res = Net::HTTP.start(uri.hostname, uri.port, req_options) do |http| http.request(req) end ``` ```go Go package main import ( "fmt" "io" "log" "net/http" ) func main() { client := &http.Client{} req, err := http.NewRequest("GET", "https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/prompt_engine?limit=10", nil) if err != nil { log.Fatal(err) } req.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/json") req.Header.Set("x-api-key", "your-api-key") resp, err := client.Do(req) if err != nil { log.Fatal(err) } defer resp.Body.Close() bodyText, err := io.ReadAll(resp.Body) if err != nil { log.Fatal(err) } fmt.Printf("%s\n", bodyText) } ``` ```java Java import java.io.IOException; import java.net.URI; import java.net.http.HttpClient; import java.net.http.HttpRequest; import java.net.http.HttpResponse; HttpClient client = HttpClient.newHttpClient(); HttpRequest request = HttpRequest.newBuilder() .uri(URI.create("https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/prompt_engine?limit=10")) .GET() .setHeader("Content-Type", "application/json") .setHeader("x-api-key", "your-api-key") .build(); HttpResponse response = client.send(request, HttpResponse.BodyHandlers.ofString()); ``` ```swift Swift import Foundation let url = URL(string: "https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/prompt_engine?limit=10")! let headers = [ "Content-Type": "application/json", "x-api-key": "your-api-key" ] var request = URLRequest(url: url) request.allHTTPHeaderFields = headers let task = URLSession.shared.dataTask(with: request) { (data, response, error) in if let error = error { print(error) } else if let data = data { let str = String(data: data, encoding: .utf8) print(str ?? "") } } task.resume() ``` ```dart Dart import 'package:http/http.dart' as http; void main() async { final headers = { 'Content-Type': 'application/json', 'x-api-key': 'your-api-key', }; final params = { 'limit': '10', }; final url = Uri.parse('https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/prompt_engine') .replace(queryParameters: params); final res = await http.get(url, headers: headers); final status = res.statusCode; if (status != 200) throw Exception('http.get error: statusCode= $status'); print(res.body); } ``` ```kotlin Kotlin import java.io.IOException import okhttp3.OkHttpClient import okhttp3.Request val client = OkHttpClient() val request = Request.Builder() .url("https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/prompt_engine?limit=10") .header("Content-Type", "application/json") .header("x-api-key", "your-api-key") .build() client.newCall(request).execute().use { response -> if (!response.isSuccessful) throw IOException("Unexpected code $response") response.body!!.string() } ``` ```csharp C# using System.Net.Http; using System.Net.Http.Headers; HttpClient client = new HttpClient(); HttpRequestMessage request = new HttpRequestMessage(HttpMethod.Get, "https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/prompt_engine?limit=10"); request.Headers.Add("x-api-key", "your-api-key"); request.Content = new StringContent(""); request.Content.Headers.ContentType = new MediaTypeHeaderValue("application/json"); HttpResponseMessage response = await client.SendAsync(request); response.EnsureSuccessStatusCode(); string responseBody = await response.Content.ReadAsStringAsync(); ``` ```json Response { "success": true, "prompt_engines": [ { "id": "0739572e-a0e2-4e7c-972c-3352b697fc91", "prompt": "Tell me a story about {about}", "inputs": [ { "key": "about", "optional": false } ], "return_prompt": "Return the result in a markdown format", "return_prompt_type": "string", "created_at": "2025-05-23T17:43:27.641541+00:00" }, { "id": "f1951057-9de3-48de-9e26-9ce270d1b38b", "prompt": "Tell me a story about {about}", "inputs": [ { "key": "about", "optional": false } ], "return_prompt": "Return the result in a markdown format", "return_prompt_type": "string", "created_at": "2025-05-22T23:02:56.066965+00:00" }, { "id": "b3cfc6ee-13f8-4e94-b6b3-d55009810b3d", "prompt": "Tell me a story about {about}", "inputs": [ { "key": "about", "optional": false } ], "return_prompt": "Return the result in a markdown format", "return_prompt_type": "string", "created_at": "2025-05-22T04:35:06.211182+00:00" }, { "id": "49093ef4-ed72-41d6-9771-4a1298b59aa0", "prompt": "Tell me a story about {about}", "inputs": [ { "key": "about", "optional": false } ], "return_prompt": "Return the result in a markdown format", "return_prompt_type": "string", "created_at": "2025-05-02T04:01:42.926031+00:00" }, { "id": "d9f4d7ad-30ee-4479-98d9-64eaa477dd02", "prompt": "Tell me a story about {about}", "inputs": [ { "key": "about", "optional": false } ], "return_prompt": "Return the result in a markdown format", "return_prompt_type": "string", "created_at": "2025-05-02T02:37:10.137294+00:00" }, { "id": "a0d8374a-7914-41d9-ae36-707cfcc7b7bb", "prompt": "Tell me a story about {about}", "inputs": [ { "key": "about", "optional": false } ], "return_prompt": "Return the result in a markdown format", "return_prompt_type": "string", "created_at": "2025-05-02T02:27:26.121562+00:00" }, { "id": "66954c1f-78ce-453e-aeb0-5b645a4a5482", "prompt": "Tell me a story about {about}", "inputs": [ { "key": "about", "optional": false } ], "return_prompt": "Return the result in a markdown format", "return_prompt_type": "string", "created_at": "2025-05-01T18:50:44.693271+00:00" }, { "id": "a323a9c0-cb9b-4495-8ed0-166b73d04231", "prompt": "Hey there! I was just wondering if you might be able to suggest some cool places to visit in Japan? I'm thinking of going g sometime next year, and I'd love your input if that's alright!", "inputs": null, "return_prompt": "{\"letter\":\"the letter\"}", "return_prompt_type": "json", "created_at": "2025-04-24T16:27:41.157664+00:00" }, { "id": "85cfd7f8-9ee0-4006-b5ce-372f1f02a12a", "prompt": "Hey there! I was just wondering if you might be able to suggest some cool places to visit in Japan ? I'm thinking of going g sometime next year, and I'd love your input if that's alright!", "inputs": null, "return_prompt": "{\"letter\":\"the letter\"}", "return_prompt_type": "json", "created_at": "2025-04-24T16:27:10.271574+00:00" }, { "id": "ee21f4a4-b2dc-4aa8-99f7-eb16b72693a0", "prompt": "generate a long intro letter to {name} based on information you find of them what they likes", "inputs": [ { "key": "name", "optional": false } ], "return_prompt": "{\"letter\":\"the letter\"}", "return_prompt_type": "json", "created_at": "2025-04-24T16:26:25.527387+00:00" } ], "page": 0, "limit": 10, "has_more": true, "_usage": { "input_tokens": 4, "output_tokens": 753, "inference_time_tokens": 217, "total_tokens": 974 } } ``` # Get Prompt Source: https://jigsawstack.com/docs/api-reference/prompt-engine/retrieve GET https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/prompt_engine/{id} Retrieve details of a prompt. ### Query The prompt id. ### Response Indicates whether the call was successful. # Run Prompt Source: https://jigsawstack.com/docs/api-reference/prompt-engine/run POST https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/prompt_engine/{id} Execute a prompt using the prompt id. ### Body The input values. This is required if the `inputs` parameter was specified when creating a prompt. Each input value has a `500000` character limit If set, partial message chunk will be sent. ### Response Indicates whether the call was successful. ```javascript Javascript import { JigsawStack } from "jigsawstack"; const jigsaw = JigsawStack({ apiKey: "your-api-key" }); const response = await jigsaw.prompt_engine.run({ "input_values": { "text": "How to get started with JigsawStack?" }, "id": "0073d008-da9b-4c27-90a8-0240f3ecd4f5" }) ``` ```python Python from jigsawstack import JigsawStack jigsaw = JigsawStack(api_key="your-api-key") response = jigsaw.prompt_engine.run({ "input_values": { "text": "How to get started with JigsawStack?" }, "id": "0073d008-da9b-4c27-90a8-0240f3ecd4f5" }) ``` ```bash Curl curl https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/prompt_engine/0073d008-da9b-4c27-90a8-0240f3ecd4f5?id=0073d008-da9b-4c27-90a8-0240f3ecd4f5 \ -X POST \ -H 'Content-Type: application/json' \ -H 'x-api-key: your-api-key' \ -d '{"input_values":{"text":"How to get started with JigsawStack?"}}' ``` ```php PHP '0073d008-da9b-4c27-90a8-0240f3ecd4f5', } uri.query = URI.encode_www_form(params) req = Net::HTTP::Post.new(uri) req.content_type = 'application/json' req['x-api-key'] = 'your-api-key' req.body = { 'input_values' => { 'text' => 'How to get started with JigsawStack?' } }.to_json req_options = { use_ssl: uri.scheme == 'https' } res = Net::HTTP.start(uri.hostname, uri.port, req_options) do |http| http.request(req) end ``` ```go Go package main import ( "fmt" "io" "log" "net/http" "strings" ) func main() { client := &http.Client{} var data = strings.NewReader(`{"input_values":{"text":"How to get started with JigsawStack?"}}`) req, err := http.NewRequest("POST", "https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/prompt_engine/0073d008-da9b-4c27-90a8-0240f3ecd4f5?id=0073d008-da9b-4c27-90a8-0240f3ecd4f5", data) if err != nil { log.Fatal(err) } req.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/json") req.Header.Set("x-api-key", "your-api-key") resp, err := client.Do(req) if err != nil { log.Fatal(err) } defer resp.Body.Close() bodyText, err := io.ReadAll(resp.Body) if err != nil { log.Fatal(err) } fmt.Printf("%s\n", bodyText) } ``` ```java Java import java.io.IOException; import java.net.URI; import java.net.http.HttpClient; import java.net.http.HttpRequest; import java.net.http.HttpRequest.BodyPublishers; import java.net.http.HttpResponse; HttpClient client = HttpClient.newHttpClient(); HttpRequest request = HttpRequest.newBuilder() .uri(URI.create("https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/prompt_engine/0073d008-da9b-4c27-90a8-0240f3ecd4f5?id=0073d008-da9b-4c27-90a8-0240f3ecd4f5")) .POST(BodyPublishers.ofString("{\"input_values\":{\"text\":\"How to get started with JigsawStack?\"}}")) .setHeader("Content-Type", "application/json") .setHeader("x-api-key", "your-api-key") .build(); HttpResponse response = client.send(request, HttpResponse.BodyHandlers.ofString()); ``` ```swift Swift import Foundation let jsonData = [ "input_values": [ "text": "How to get started with JigsawStack?" ] ] as [String : Any] let data = try! JSONSerialization.data(withJSONObject: jsonData, options: []) let url = URL(string: "https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/prompt_engine/0073d008-da9b-4c27-90a8-0240f3ecd4f5?id=0073d008-da9b-4c27-90a8-0240f3ecd4f5")! let headers = [ "Content-Type": "application/json", "x-api-key": "your-api-key" ] var request = URLRequest(url: url) request.httpMethod = "POST" request.allHTTPHeaderFields = headers request.httpBody = data as Data let task = URLSession.shared.dataTask(with: request) { (data, response, error) in if let error = error { print(error) } else if let data = data { let str = String(data: data, encoding: .utf8) print(str ?? "") } } task.resume() ``` ```dart Dart import 'package:http/http.dart' as http; void main() async { final headers = { 'Content-Type': 'application/json', 'x-api-key': 'your-api-key', }; final params = { 'id': '0073d008-da9b-4c27-90a8-0240f3ecd4f5', }; final data = '{"input_values":{"text":"How to get started with JigsawStack?"}}'; final url = Uri.parse('https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/prompt_engine/0073d008-da9b-4c27-90a8-0240f3ecd4f5') .replace(queryParameters: params); final res = await http.post(url, headers: headers, body: data); final status = res.statusCode; if (status != 200) throw Exception('http.post error: statusCode= $status'); print(res.body); } ``` ```kotlin Kotlin import java.io.IOException import okhttp3.MediaType.Companion.toMediaType import okhttp3.OkHttpClient import okhttp3.Request import okhttp3.RequestBody.Companion.toRequestBody val client = OkHttpClient() val MEDIA_TYPE = "application/json".toMediaType() val requestBody = "{\"input_values\":{\"text\":\"How to get started with JigsawStack?\"}}" val request = Request.Builder() .url("https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/prompt_engine/0073d008-da9b-4c27-90a8-0240f3ecd4f5?id=0073d008-da9b-4c27-90a8-0240f3ecd4f5") .post(requestBody.toRequestBody(MEDIA_TYPE)) .header("Content-Type", "application/json") .header("x-api-key", "your-api-key") .build() client.newCall(request).execute().use { response -> if (!response.isSuccessful) throw IOException("Unexpected code $response") response.body!!.string() } ``` ```csharp C# using System.Net.Http; using System.Net.Http.Headers; HttpClient client = new HttpClient(); HttpRequestMessage request = new HttpRequestMessage(HttpMethod.Post, "https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/prompt_engine/0073d008-da9b-4c27-90a8-0240f3ecd4f5?id=0073d008-da9b-4c27-90a8-0240f3ecd4f5"); request.Headers.Add("x-api-key", "your-api-key"); request.Content = new StringContent("{\"input_values\":{\"text\":\"How to get started with JigsawStack?\"}}"); request.Content.Headers.ContentType = new MediaTypeHeaderValue("application/json"); HttpResponseMessage response = await client.SendAsync(request); response.EnsureSuccessStatusCode(); string responseBody = await response.Content.ReadAsStringAsync(); ``` ```json Response { "success": true, "result": { "outline": [ { "section": "Introduction to JigsawStack" }, { "section": "What is JigsawStack?" }, { "section": "Key Features and Benefits" }, { "section": "Prerequisites" }, { "section": "Setting up Your Environment" }, { "section": "Installation Guide" }, { "section": "Step-by-step Installation Instructions" }, { "section": "Configuration" }, { "section": "Basic Configuration Options" }, { "section": "Running Your First JigsawStack Application" }, { "section": "Creating a Simple Project" }, { "section": "Understanding the Project Structure" }, { "section": "Deploying Your Application" }, { "section": "Troubleshooting Common Issues" }, { "section": "Common Errors and Solutions" }, { "section": "Resources and Further Learning" }, { "section": "Official Documentation" }, { "section": "Community Forums and Support" }, { "section": "Conclusion" } ] }, "_usage": { "input_tokens": 17, "output_tokens": 202, "inference_time_tokens": 2493, "total_tokens": 2712 } } ``` # Run Prompt Direct Source: https://jigsawstack.com/docs/api-reference/prompt-engine/run-direct POST https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/prompt_engine/run Run a prompt directly. **Run Prompt Direct** is ideal for one-time prompt usage. For prompts that will be used multiple times, it is recommended to first [Create a Prompt](/docs/api-reference/prompt-engine/create) and then [Run the Prompt](/docs/api-reference/prompt-engine/run) for better reliability. ### Body The prompt. Maximum character limit is `500000`. Prompt supports dynamic inputs. See example below. The prompt inputs. See example below. How the prompt result should be returned or formatted. See examples below Include this to guard against unsafe inputs from users. Supported values:
  • `defamation`
  • `privacy`
  • `hate`
  • `sexual_content`
  • `elections`
  • `code_interpreter_abuse`
  • `indiscrimate_weapons`
  • `specialized_advice`
 Key-value pair for dynamic prompt variables. Each input value has a `500000` character limit If set, partial message chunk will be sent. Include this to allow prompt engine to use the internet. ## Sample Prompt Payload * String `return_prompt` ```javascript { prompt: "Tell me a story about {about}", inputs: [ { key: "about", optional: false, }, ], return_prompt: "Return the result in a markdown format", "prompt_guard": ["sexual_content", "defamation"] "input_values": { "about": "Santorini", } } ``` * `Array` `return_prompt` ```javascript { prompt: "Tell me a story about {about}", inputs: [ { key: "about", optional: false, initial_value: "Leaning Tower of Pisa", }, ], return_prompt: [{ excerpt: "short story text", summary: "summary of story" }], "prompt_guard": ["sexual_content", "defamation"], "input_values": { "about": "Santorini", } } ``` * Object `return_prompt` ```javascript { prompt: "Tell me a story about {about}", inputs: [ { key: "about", optional: false, initial_value: "Leaning Tower of Pisa", }, ], return_prompt: { excerpt: "short story text", summary: "summary of story" }, "prompt_guard": ["sexual_content", "defamation"], "input_values": { "about": "Santorini", } } ``` ### Response Indicates whether the call was successful. ```javascript Javascript import { JigsawStack } from "jigsawstack"; const jigsaw = JigsawStack({ apiKey: "your-api-key" }); const response = await jigsaw.prompt_engine.run_direct({ "prompt": "Tell me a story about {about}", "inputs": [ { "key": "about", "optional": false, "initial_value": "Leaning Tower of Pisa" } ], "return_prompt": "Return the result in a markdown format", "prompt_guard": [ "sexual_content", "defamation" ], "input_values": { "about": "Santorini" } }) ``` ```python Python from jigsawstack import JigsawStack jigsaw = JigsawStack(api_key="your-api-key") response = jigsaw.prompt_engine.run_direct({ "prompt": "Tell me a story about {about}", "inputs": [ { "key": "about", "optional": false, "initial_value": "Leaning Tower of Pisa" } ], "return_prompt": "Return the result in a markdown format", "prompt_guard": [ "sexual_content", "defamation" ], "input_values": { "about": "Santorini" } }) ``` ```bash Curl curl https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/prompt_engine/run \ -X POST \ -H 'Content-Type: application/json' \ -H 'x-api-key: your-api-key' \ -d '{"prompt":"Tell me a story about {about}","inputs":[{"key":"about","optional":false,"initial_value":"Leaning Tower of Pisa"}],"return_prompt":"Return the result in a markdown format","prompt_guard":["sexual_content","defamation"],"input_values":{"about":"Santorini"}}' ``` ```php PHP 'Tell me a story about {about}', 'inputs' => [ { 'key' => 'about', 'optional' => false, 'initial_value' => 'Leaning Tower of Pisa' } ], 'return_prompt' => 'Return the result in a markdown format', 'prompt_guard' => [ 'sexual_content', 'defamation' ], 'input_values' => { 'about' => 'Santorini' } }.to_json req_options = { use_ssl: uri.scheme == 'https' } res = Net::HTTP.start(uri.hostname, uri.port, req_options) do |http| http.request(req) end ``` ```go Go package main import ( "fmt" "io" "log" "net/http" "strings" ) func main() { client := &http.Client{} var data = strings.NewReader(`{"prompt":"Tell me a story about {about}","inputs":[{"key":"about","optional":false,"initial_value":"Leaning Tower of Pisa"}],"return_prompt":"Return the result in a markdown format","prompt_guard":["sexual_content","defamation"],"input_values":{"about":"Santorini"}}`) req, err := http.NewRequest("POST", "https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/prompt_engine/run", data) if err != nil { log.Fatal(err) } req.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/json") req.Header.Set("x-api-key", "your-api-key") resp, err := client.Do(req) if err != nil { log.Fatal(err) } defer resp.Body.Close() bodyText, err := io.ReadAll(resp.Body) if err != nil { log.Fatal(err) } fmt.Printf("%s\n", bodyText) } ``` ```java Java import java.io.IOException; import java.net.URI; import java.net.http.HttpClient; import java.net.http.HttpRequest; import java.net.http.HttpRequest.BodyPublishers; import java.net.http.HttpResponse; HttpClient client = HttpClient.newHttpClient(); HttpRequest request = HttpRequest.newBuilder() .uri(URI.create("https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/prompt_engine/run")) .POST(BodyPublishers.ofString("{\"prompt\":\"Tell me a story about {about}\",\"inputs\":[{\"key\":\"about\",\"optional\":false,\"initial_value\":\"Leaning Tower of Pisa\"}],\"return_prompt\":\"Return the result in a markdown format\",\"prompt_guard\":[\"sexual_content\",\"defamation\"],\"input_values\":{\"about\":\"Santorini\"}}")) .setHeader("Content-Type", "application/json") .setHeader("x-api-key", "your-api-key") .build(); HttpResponse response = client.send(request, HttpResponse.BodyHandlers.ofString()); ``` ```swift Swift import Foundation let jsonData = [ "prompt": "Tell me a story about {about}", "inputs": [ [ "key": "about", "optional": false, "initial_value": "Leaning Tower of Pisa" ] ], "return_prompt": "Return the result in a markdown format", "prompt_guard": [ "sexual_content", "defamation" ], "input_values": [ "about": "Santorini" ] ] as [String : Any] let data = try! JSONSerialization.data(withJSONObject: jsonData, options: []) let url = URL(string: "https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/prompt_engine/run")! let headers = [ "Content-Type": "application/json", "x-api-key": "your-api-key" ] var request = URLRequest(url: url) request.httpMethod = "POST" request.allHTTPHeaderFields = headers request.httpBody = data as Data let task = URLSession.shared.dataTask(with: request) { (data, response, error) in if let error = error { print(error) } else if let data = data { let str = String(data: data, encoding: .utf8) print(str ?? "") } } task.resume() ``` ```dart Dart import 'package:http/http.dart' as http; void main() async { final headers = { 'Content-Type': 'application/json', 'x-api-key': 'your-api-key', }; final data = '{"prompt":"Tell me a story about {about}","inputs":[{"key":"about","optional":false,"initial_value":"Leaning Tower of Pisa"}],"return_prompt":"Return the result in a markdown format","prompt_guard":["sexual_content","defamation"],"input_values":{"about":"Santorini"}}'; final url = Uri.parse('https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/prompt_engine/run'); final res = await http.post(url, headers: headers, body: data); final status = res.statusCode; if (status != 200) throw Exception('http.post error: statusCode= $status'); print(res.body); } ``` ```kotlin Kotlin import java.io.IOException import okhttp3.MediaType.Companion.toMediaType import okhttp3.OkHttpClient import okhttp3.Request import okhttp3.RequestBody.Companion.toRequestBody val client = OkHttpClient() val MEDIA_TYPE = "application/json".toMediaType() val requestBody = "{\"prompt\":\"Tell me a story about {about}\",\"inputs\":[{\"key\":\"about\",\"optional\":false,\"initial_value\":\"Leaning Tower of Pisa\"}],\"return_prompt\":\"Return the result in a markdown format\",\"prompt_guard\":[\"sexual_content\",\"defamation\"],\"input_values\":{\"about\":\"Santorini\"}}" val request = Request.Builder() .url("https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/prompt_engine/run") .post(requestBody.toRequestBody(MEDIA_TYPE)) .header("Content-Type", "application/json") .header("x-api-key", "your-api-key") .build() client.newCall(request).execute().use { response -> if (!response.isSuccessful) throw IOException("Unexpected code $response") response.body!!.string() } ``` ```csharp C# using System.Net.Http; using System.Net.Http.Headers; HttpClient client = new HttpClient(); HttpRequestMessage request = new HttpRequestMessage(HttpMethod.Post, "https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/prompt_engine/run"); request.Headers.Add("x-api-key", "your-api-key"); request.Content = new StringContent("{\"prompt\":\"Tell me a story about {about}\",\"inputs\":[{\"key\":\"about\",\"optional\":false,\"initial_value\":\"Leaning Tower of Pisa\"}],\"return_prompt\":\"Return the result in a markdown format\",\"prompt_guard\":[\"sexual_content\",\"defamation\"],\"input_values\":{\"about\":\"Santorini\"}}"); request.Content.Headers.ContentType = new MediaTypeHeaderValue("application/json"); HttpResponseMessage response = await client.SendAsync(request); response.EnsureSuccessStatusCode(); string responseBody = await response.Content.ReadAsStringAsync(); ``` ```json Response { "success": true, "result": "Okay, here's a story about Santorini, formatted in Markdown:\n\n# The Whispers of Oia\n\nThe Aegean Sea, a shimmering sapphire canvas, lapped gently against the black volcanic sand of Perissa. Eleni, a young woman with eyes the color of the deep blue sea, traced patterns in the sand with her bare toes. She wasn't a tourist, though she often got mistaken for one. Eleni was a child of Santorini, her roots as deep as the caldera itself.\n\nHer grandmother, Yaya Irini, had always told her stories of the island's past, of the Minoan eruption that shaped its dramatic cliffs and painted its sunsets in hues of fire. Yaya Irini claimed the island still whispered secrets of that ancient cataclysm, secrets only those who truly listened could hear.\n\nEleni worked at a small taverna in Oia, the village perched precariously on the caldera's edge, famous for its breathtaking sunsets. Every evening, she watched the crowds gather, cameras poised, waiting for the sun to dip below the horizon, painting the white-washed houses in shades of orange, pink, and purple. They saw beauty, but Eleni felt something more – a deep, resonant hum that vibrated through the very stones beneath her feet.\n\nOne day, a renowned archaeologist, Dr. Kostas, arrived on the island. He was searching for evidence of a lost Minoan city, believed to be buried beneath the volcanic ash. Eleni, drawn to his passion and the glint of ancient knowledge in his eyes, offered to help.\n\nTogether, they explored hidden caves, deciphered faded frescoes, and listened to the whispers of the wind as it snaked through the narrow, winding streets of Oia. Dr. Kostas, initially skeptical of Yaya Irini's stories, began to see the island through Eleni's eyes. He noticed the subtle shifts in the earth, the unusual rock formations, the way the light played tricks on the eye, hinting at something buried beneath.\n\nOne sweltering afternoon, while excavating near the old Venetian castle, Eleni stumbled upon a hidden passage. It led to a chamber filled with artifacts – pottery shards, bronze tools, and fragments of frescoes depicting scenes of Minoan life. It was a significant discovery, a piece of the puzzle that Dr. Kostas had been searching for.\n\nBut the most remarkable find was a small, clay tablet inscribed with Minoan Linear A script. Dr. Kostas, after weeks of painstaking work, managed to translate it. The tablet spoke of a powerful earthquake that preceded the eruption, a warning from the gods that was ignored. It spoke of a city of unparalleled beauty, a civilization lost to the fury of the volcano.\n\nThe discovery brought international attention to Santorini. Dr. Kostas became a celebrated figure, and Eleni, though preferring to stay out of the limelight, was recognized as the key to unlocking the island's secrets.\n\nBut for Eleni, the true reward wasn't the fame or the recognition. It was the feeling of connection to her ancestors, the understanding that she was a part of something larger than herself. As she stood on the caldera's edge, watching the sunset paint the sky in fiery hues, she could almost hear the whispers of the lost city, a reminder of the power of nature and the enduring spirit of the people of Santorini. The whispers told her that even in destruction, there is always rebirth, and that the beauty of the island, born from volcanic ash, would continue to inspire for generations to come.\n", "message": "It is recommended to store the prompt engine and execute it using the ID rather than running it directly for the best performance and reliability. Learn more: https://jigsawstack.com/docs/api-reference/prompt-engine/create", "_usage": { "input_tokens": 68, "output_tokens": 920, "inference_time_tokens": 6068, "total_tokens": 7056 } } ``` # Upload Source: https://jigsawstack.com/docs/api-reference/store/file/add POST https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/store/file Upload images, videos and documents effortlessly. Maximum file size is 100MB. File content type e.g image/png, image/jpeg, video/mov, video/mp4 ### Body The blob file to upload. ### Query The key to store the file. We recommend you include the file extension in the key. E.g `image-key.png` Overwrite the file if key already exists. See complete guide on File Storage [here](/docs/examples/file-upload) ### Response Indicates whether the call was successful. Key used in storing the file. Url used in accessing the file. ```javascript Javascript import { JigsawStack } from "jigsawstack"; const jigsaw = JigsawStack({ apiKey: "your-api-key" }); const file = await fetch("https://jigsawstack.com/preview/vocr-example.jpg"); const blob = await file.blob(); const response = await jigsaw.store.upload(blob, { key: "new-image.jpg", overwrite: true, }); ``` ```python Python from jigsawstack import JigsawStack import requests jigsaw = JigsawStack(api_key="your-api-key") response = requests.get("https://jigsawstack.com/preview/vocr-example.jpg") blob = response.content upload_response = jigsaw.store.upload(blob, {"key": "new-image.jpg", "overwrite": True}) ``` ```bash Curl curl --location 'https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/store/file?key=filename.txt&overwrite=true' \ --header 'x-api-key: your-api-key' \ --data-binary '@path/to/your/file' ``` ```json Response { "key": "new-image.jpg", "url": "https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/store/file/read/new-image.jpg", "size": 75078 } ``` # Delete Source: https://jigsawstack.com/docs/api-reference/store/file/delete DELETE https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/store/file/read/{key} Delete a file. ### Path The key of the file to be deleted. ### Response Indicates whether the call was successful. ```javascript Javascript import { JigsawStack } from "jigsawstack"; const jigsaw = JigsawStack({ apiKey: "your-api-key" }); const response = await jigsaw.store.delete({ "key": "image-123.png" }) ``` ```python Python from jigsawstack import JigsawStack jigsaw = JigsawStack(api_key="your-api-key") response = jigsaw.store.delete({ "key": "image-123.png" }) ``` ```bash Curl curl https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/store/file/read/image-123.png?key=image-123.png \ -X DELETE \ -H 'Content-Type: application/json' \ -H 'x-api-key: your-api-key' ``` ```php PHP 'image-123.png', } uri.query = URI.encode_www_form(params) req = Net::HTTP::Delete.new(uri) req.content_type = 'application/json' req['x-api-key'] = 'your-api-key' req_options = { use_ssl: uri.scheme == 'https' } res = Net::HTTP.start(uri.hostname, uri.port, req_options) do |http| http.request(req) end ``` ```go Go package main import ( "fmt" "io" "log" "net/http" ) func main() { client := &http.Client{} req, err := http.NewRequest("DELETE", "https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/store/file/read/image-123.png?key=image-123.png", nil) if err != nil { log.Fatal(err) } req.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/json") req.Header.Set("x-api-key", "your-api-key") resp, err := client.Do(req) if err != nil { log.Fatal(err) } defer resp.Body.Close() bodyText, err := io.ReadAll(resp.Body) if err != nil { log.Fatal(err) } fmt.Printf("%s\n", bodyText) } ``` ```java Java import java.io.IOException; import java.net.URI; import java.net.http.HttpClient; import java.net.http.HttpRequest; import java.net.http.HttpResponse; HttpClient client = HttpClient.newHttpClient(); HttpRequest request = HttpRequest.newBuilder() .uri(URI.create("https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/store/file/read/image-123.png?key=image-123.png")) .DELETE() .setHeader("Content-Type", "application/json") .setHeader("x-api-key", "your-api-key") .build(); HttpResponse response = client.send(request, HttpResponse.BodyHandlers.ofString()); ``` ```swift Swift import Foundation let url = URL(string: "https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/store/file/read/image-123.png?key=image-123.png")! let headers = [ "Content-Type": "application/json", "x-api-key": "your-api-key" ] var request = URLRequest(url: url) request.httpMethod = "DELETE" request.allHTTPHeaderFields = headers let task = URLSession.shared.dataTask(with: request) { (data, response, error) in if let error = error { print(error) } else if let data = data { let str = String(data: data, encoding: .utf8) print(str ?? "") } } task.resume() ``` ```dart Dart import 'package:http/http.dart' as http; void main() async { final headers = { 'Content-Type': 'application/json', 'x-api-key': 'your-api-key', }; final params = { 'key': 'image-123.png', }; final url = Uri.parse('https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/store/file/read/image-123.png') .replace(queryParameters: params); final res = await http.delete(url, headers: headers); final status = res.statusCode; if (status != 200) throw Exception('http.delete error: statusCode= $status'); print(res.body); } ``` ```kotlin Kotlin import java.io.IOException import okhttp3.OkHttpClient import okhttp3.Request import okhttp3.RequestBody.Companion.toRequestBody val client = OkHttpClient() val request = Request.Builder() .url("https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/store/file/read/image-123.png?key=image-123.png") .delete("".toRequestBody()) .header("Content-Type", "application/json") .header("x-api-key", "your-api-key") .build() client.newCall(request).execute().use { response -> if (!response.isSuccessful) throw IOException("Unexpected code $response") response.body!!.string() } ``` ```csharp C# using System.Net.Http; using System.Net.Http.Headers; HttpClient client = new HttpClient(); HttpRequestMessage request = new HttpRequestMessage(HttpMethod.Delete, "https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/store/file/read/image-123.png?key=image-123.png"); request.Headers.Add("x-api-key", "your-api-key"); request.Content = new StringContent(""); request.Content.Headers.ContentType = new MediaTypeHeaderValue("application/json"); HttpResponseMessage response = await client.SendAsync(request); response.EnsureSuccessStatusCode(); string responseBody = await response.Content.ReadAsStringAsync(); ``` # Retrieve Source: https://jigsawstack.com/docs/api-reference/store/file/get GET https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/store/file/read/{key} Retrieve a file. ### Path The key of the file to be retrieved. ### Response Indicates whether the call was successful. The message returned by the API. The accessible URL of the file. The key of the file. # NSFW Source: https://jigsawstack.com/docs/api-reference/validate/nsfw POST https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/validate/nsfw Quickly detect nudity, violence, hentai, porn and more NSFW content in images. ### Params The image URL to validate. ### Response Indicates whether the call was successful. The message returned by the API. ```javascript Javascript import { JigsawStack } from "jigsawstack"; const jigsaw = JigsawStack({ apiKey: "your-api-key" }); const response = await jigsaw.validate.nsfw({ "url": "https://images.unsplash.com/photo-1633998979521-11ca9d0e6e38?q=80&w=2787&auto=format&fit=crop&ixlib=rb-4.0.3&ixid=M3wxMjA3fDB8MHxwaG90by1wYWdlfHx8fGVufDB8fHx8fA%3D%3D" }) ``` ```python Python from jigsawstack import JigsawStack jigsaw = JigsawStack(api_key="your-api-key") response = jigsaw.validate.nsfw({ "url": "https://images.unsplash.com/photo-1633998979521-11ca9d0e6e38?q=80&w=2787&auto=format&fit=crop&ixlib=rb-4.0.3&ixid=M3wxMjA3fDB8MHxwaG90by1wYWdlfHx8fGVufDB8fHx8fA%3D%3D" }) ``` ```bash Curl curl https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/validate/nsfw \ -X POST \ -H 'Content-Type: application/json' \ -H 'x-api-key: your-api-key' \ -d '{"url":"https://images.unsplash.com/photo-1633998979521-11ca9d0e6e38?q=80&w=2787&auto=format&fit=crop&ixlib=rb-4.0.3&ixid=M3wxMjA3fDB8MHxwaG90by1wYWdlfHx8fGVufDB8fHx8fA%3D%3D"}' ``` ```php PHP 'https://images.unsplash.com/photo-1633998979521-11ca9d0e6e38?q=80&w=2787&auto=format&fit=crop&ixlib=rb-4.0.3&ixid=M3wxMjA3fDB8MHxwaG90by1wYWdlfHx8fGVufDB8fHx8fA%3D%3D' }.to_json req_options = { use_ssl: uri.scheme == 'https' } res = Net::HTTP.start(uri.hostname, uri.port, req_options) do |http| http.request(req) end ``` ```go Go package main import ( "fmt" "io" "log" "net/http" "strings" ) func main() { client := &http.Client{} var data = strings.NewReader(`{"url":"https://images.unsplash.com/photo-1633998979521-11ca9d0e6e38?q=80&w=2787&auto=format&fit=crop&ixlib=rb-4.0.3&ixid=M3wxMjA3fDB8MHxwaG90by1wYWdlfHx8fGVufDB8fHx8fA%3D%3D"}`) req, err := http.NewRequest("POST", "https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/validate/nsfw", data) if err != nil { log.Fatal(err) } req.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/json") req.Header.Set("x-api-key", "your-api-key") resp, err := client.Do(req) if err != nil { log.Fatal(err) } defer resp.Body.Close() bodyText, err := io.ReadAll(resp.Body) if err != nil { log.Fatal(err) } fmt.Printf("%s\n", bodyText) } ``` ```java Java import java.io.IOException; import java.net.URI; import java.net.http.HttpClient; import java.net.http.HttpRequest; import java.net.http.HttpRequest.BodyPublishers; import java.net.http.HttpResponse; HttpClient client = HttpClient.newHttpClient(); HttpRequest request = HttpRequest.newBuilder() .uri(URI.create("https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/validate/nsfw")) .POST(BodyPublishers.ofString("{\"url\":\"https://images.unsplash.com/photo-1633998979521-11ca9d0e6e38?q=80&w=2787&auto=format&fit=crop&ixlib=rb-4.0.3&ixid=M3wxMjA3fDB8MHxwaG90by1wYWdlfHx8fGVufDB8fHx8fA%3D%3D\"}")) .setHeader("Content-Type", "application/json") .setHeader("x-api-key", "your-api-key") .build(); HttpResponse response = client.send(request, HttpResponse.BodyHandlers.ofString()); ``` ```swift Swift import Foundation let jsonData = [ "url": "https://images.unsplash.com/photo-1633998979521-11ca9d0e6e38?q=80&w=2787&auto=format&fit=crop&ixlib=rb-4.0.3&ixid=M3wxMjA3fDB8MHxwaG90by1wYWdlfHx8fGVufDB8fHx8fA%3D%3D" ] as [String : Any] let data = try! JSONSerialization.data(withJSONObject: jsonData, options: []) let url = URL(string: "https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/validate/nsfw")! let headers = [ "Content-Type": "application/json", "x-api-key": "your-api-key" ] var request = URLRequest(url: url) request.httpMethod = "POST" request.allHTTPHeaderFields = headers request.httpBody = data as Data let task = URLSession.shared.dataTask(with: request) { (data, response, error) in if let error = error { print(error) } else if let data = data { let str = String(data: data, encoding: .utf8) print(str ?? "") } } task.resume() ``` ```dart Dart import 'package:http/http.dart' as http; void main() async { final headers = { 'Content-Type': 'application/json', 'x-api-key': 'your-api-key', }; final data = '{"url":"https://images.unsplash.com/photo-1633998979521-11ca9d0e6e38?q=80&w=2787&auto=format&fit=crop&ixlib=rb-4.0.3&ixid=M3wxMjA3fDB8MHxwaG90by1wYWdlfHx8fGVufDB8fHx8fA%3D%3D"}'; final url = Uri.parse('https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/validate/nsfw'); final res = await http.post(url, headers: headers, body: data); final status = res.statusCode; if (status != 200) throw Exception('http.post error: statusCode= $status'); print(res.body); } ``` ```kotlin Kotlin import java.io.IOException import okhttp3.MediaType.Companion.toMediaType import okhttp3.OkHttpClient import okhttp3.Request import okhttp3.RequestBody.Companion.toRequestBody val client = OkHttpClient() val MEDIA_TYPE = "application/json".toMediaType() val requestBody = "{\"url\":\"https://images.unsplash.com/photo-1633998979521-11ca9d0e6e38?q=80&w=2787&auto=format&fit=crop&ixlib=rb-4.0.3&ixid=M3wxMjA3fDB8MHxwaG90by1wYWdlfHx8fGVufDB8fHx8fA%3D%3D\"}" val request = Request.Builder() .url("https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/validate/nsfw") .post(requestBody.toRequestBody(MEDIA_TYPE)) .header("Content-Type", "application/json") .header("x-api-key", "your-api-key") .build() client.newCall(request).execute().use { response -> if (!response.isSuccessful) throw IOException("Unexpected code $response") response.body!!.string() } ``` ```csharp C# using System.Net.Http; using System.Net.Http.Headers; HttpClient client = new HttpClient(); HttpRequestMessage request = new HttpRequestMessage(HttpMethod.Post, "https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/validate/nsfw"); request.Headers.Add("x-api-key", "your-api-key"); request.Content = new StringContent("{\"url\":\"https://images.unsplash.com/photo-1633998979521-11ca9d0e6e38?q=80&w=2787&auto=format&fit=crop&ixlib=rb-4.0.3&ixid=M3wxMjA3fDB8MHxwaG90by1wYWdlfHx8fGVufDB8fHx8fA%3D%3D\"}"); request.Content.Headers.ContentType = new MediaTypeHeaderValue("application/json"); HttpResponseMessage response = await client.SendAsync(request); response.EnsureSuccessStatusCode(); string responseBody = await response.Content.ReadAsStringAsync(); ``` ```json Response { "success": true, "nsfw": false, "nudity": false, "gore": false, "nsfw_score": 0.08963271253932335, "nudity_score": 0.08966292440891266, "gore_score": 0.0016616199864074588, "_usage": { "input_tokens": 67, "output_tokens": 60, "inference_time_tokens": 1544, "total_tokens": 1671 } } ``` # Profanity Source: https://jigsawstack.com/docs/api-reference/validate/profanity POST https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/validate/profanity Check any text for profanity. ### Params The text to validate. The character to replace profanity with. ### Response Indicates whether the call was successful. The message returned by the API. The text with profanity replaced by the censor\_replacement character. An array of profanities found in the text. The number of profanities found in the text. ```javascript Javascript import { JigsawStack } from "jigsawstack"; const jigsaw = JigsawStack({ apiKey: "your-api-key" }); const response = await jigsaw.validate.profanity({ "text": "This is a sample text that might contain inappropriate language." }) ``` ```python Python from jigsawstack import JigsawStack jigsaw = JigsawStack(api_key="your-api-key") response = jigsaw.validate.profanity({ "text": "This is a sample text that might contain inappropriate language." }) ``` ```bash Curl curl https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/validate/profanity \ -X POST \ -H 'Content-Type: application/json' \ -H 'x-api-key: your-api-key' \ -d '{"text":"This is a sample text that might contain inappropriate language."}' ``` ```php PHP 'This is a sample text that might contain inappropriate language.' }.to_json req_options = { use_ssl: uri.scheme == 'https' } res = Net::HTTP.start(uri.hostname, uri.port, req_options) do |http| http.request(req) end ``` ```go Go package main import ( "fmt" "io" "log" "net/http" "strings" ) func main() { client := &http.Client{} var data = strings.NewReader(`{"text":"This is a sample text that might contain inappropriate language."}`) req, err := http.NewRequest("POST", "https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/validate/profanity", data) if err != nil { log.Fatal(err) } req.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/json") req.Header.Set("x-api-key", "your-api-key") resp, err := client.Do(req) if err != nil { log.Fatal(err) } defer resp.Body.Close() bodyText, err := io.ReadAll(resp.Body) if err != nil { log.Fatal(err) } fmt.Printf("%s\n", bodyText) } ``` ```java Java import java.io.IOException; import java.net.URI; import java.net.http.HttpClient; import java.net.http.HttpRequest; import java.net.http.HttpRequest.BodyPublishers; import java.net.http.HttpResponse; HttpClient client = HttpClient.newHttpClient(); HttpRequest request = HttpRequest.newBuilder() .uri(URI.create("https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/validate/profanity")) .POST(BodyPublishers.ofString("{\"text\":\"This is a sample text that might contain inappropriate language.\"}")) .setHeader("Content-Type", "application/json") .setHeader("x-api-key", "your-api-key") .build(); HttpResponse response = client.send(request, HttpResponse.BodyHandlers.ofString()); ``` ```swift Swift import Foundation let jsonData = [ "text": "This is a sample text that might contain inappropriate language." ] as [String : Any] let data = try! JSONSerialization.data(withJSONObject: jsonData, options: []) let url = URL(string: "https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/validate/profanity")! let headers = [ "Content-Type": "application/json", "x-api-key": "your-api-key" ] var request = URLRequest(url: url) request.httpMethod = "POST" request.allHTTPHeaderFields = headers request.httpBody = data as Data let task = URLSession.shared.dataTask(with: request) { (data, response, error) in if let error = error { print(error) } else if let data = data { let str = String(data: data, encoding: .utf8) print(str ?? "") } } task.resume() ``` ```dart Dart import 'package:http/http.dart' as http; void main() async { final headers = { 'Content-Type': 'application/json', 'x-api-key': 'your-api-key', }; final data = '{"text":"This is a sample text that might contain inappropriate language."}'; final url = Uri.parse('https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/validate/profanity'); final res = await http.post(url, headers: headers, body: data); final status = res.statusCode; if (status != 200) throw Exception('http.post error: statusCode= $status'); print(res.body); } ``` ```kotlin Kotlin import java.io.IOException import okhttp3.MediaType.Companion.toMediaType import okhttp3.OkHttpClient import okhttp3.Request import okhttp3.RequestBody.Companion.toRequestBody val client = OkHttpClient() val MEDIA_TYPE = "application/json".toMediaType() val requestBody = "{\"text\":\"This is a sample text that might contain inappropriate language.\"}" val request = Request.Builder() .url("https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/validate/profanity") .post(requestBody.toRequestBody(MEDIA_TYPE)) .header("Content-Type", "application/json") .header("x-api-key", "your-api-key") .build() client.newCall(request).execute().use { response -> if (!response.isSuccessful) throw IOException("Unexpected code $response") response.body!!.string() } ``` ```csharp C# using System.Net.Http; using System.Net.Http.Headers; HttpClient client = new HttpClient(); HttpRequestMessage request = new HttpRequestMessage(HttpMethod.Post, "https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/validate/profanity"); request.Headers.Add("x-api-key", "your-api-key"); request.Content = new StringContent("{\"text\":\"This is a sample text that might contain inappropriate language.\"}"); request.Content.Headers.ContentType = new MediaTypeHeaderValue("application/json"); HttpResponseMessage response = await client.SendAsync(request); response.EnsureSuccessStatusCode(); string responseBody = await response.Content.ReadAsStringAsync(); ``` ```json Response { "success": true, "profanities_found": false, "profanities": [], "clean_text": "This is a sample text that might contain inappropriate language.", "_usage": { "input_tokens": 20, "output_tokens": 35, "inference_time_tokens": 203, "total_tokens": 258 } } ``` # Spell Check Source: https://jigsawstack.com/docs/api-reference/validate/spellcheck POST https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/validate/spell_check Check and correct spelling errors in a text. ### Params The text to check. The language code of the text. Default is "en". ### Response Indicates whether the call was successful. The message returned by the API. The number of misspellings found in the text. The auto corrected text. If no misspellings were found, the original text is returned. ```javascript Javascript import { JigsawStack } from "jigsawstack"; const jigsaw = JigsawStack({ apiKey: "your-api-key" }); const response = await jigsaw.validate.spellcheck({ "text": "This sentense has a speling mistake." }) ``` ```python Python from jigsawstack import JigsawStack jigsaw = JigsawStack(api_key="your-api-key") response = jigsaw.validate.spellcheck({ "text": "This sentense has a speling mistake." }) ``` ```bash Curl curl https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/validate/spell_check \ -X POST \ -H 'Content-Type: application/json' \ -H 'x-api-key: your-api-key' \ -d '{"text":"This sentense has a speling mistake."}' ``` ```php PHP 'This sentense has a speling mistake.' }.to_json req_options = { use_ssl: uri.scheme == 'https' } res = Net::HTTP.start(uri.hostname, uri.port, req_options) do |http| http.request(req) end ``` ```go Go package main import ( "fmt" "io" "log" "net/http" "strings" ) func main() { client := &http.Client{} var data = strings.NewReader(`{"text":"This sentense has a speling mistake."}`) req, err := http.NewRequest("POST", "https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/validate/spell_check", data) if err != nil { log.Fatal(err) } req.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/json") req.Header.Set("x-api-key", "your-api-key") resp, err := client.Do(req) if err != nil { log.Fatal(err) } defer resp.Body.Close() bodyText, err := io.ReadAll(resp.Body) if err != nil { log.Fatal(err) } fmt.Printf("%s\n", bodyText) } ``` ```java Java import java.io.IOException; import java.net.URI; import java.net.http.HttpClient; import java.net.http.HttpRequest; import java.net.http.HttpRequest.BodyPublishers; import java.net.http.HttpResponse; HttpClient client = HttpClient.newHttpClient(); HttpRequest request = HttpRequest.newBuilder() .uri(URI.create("https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/validate/spell_check")) .POST(BodyPublishers.ofString("{\"text\":\"This sentense has a speling mistake.\"}")) .setHeader("Content-Type", "application/json") .setHeader("x-api-key", "your-api-key") .build(); HttpResponse response = client.send(request, HttpResponse.BodyHandlers.ofString()); ``` ```swift Swift import Foundation let jsonData = [ "text": "This sentense has a speling mistake." ] as [String : Any] let data = try! JSONSerialization.data(withJSONObject: jsonData, options: []) let url = URL(string: "https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/validate/spell_check")! let headers = [ "Content-Type": "application/json", "x-api-key": "your-api-key" ] var request = URLRequest(url: url) request.httpMethod = "POST" request.allHTTPHeaderFields = headers request.httpBody = data as Data let task = URLSession.shared.dataTask(with: request) { (data, response, error) in if let error = error { print(error) } else if let data = data { let str = String(data: data, encoding: .utf8) print(str ?? "") } } task.resume() ``` ```dart Dart import 'package:http/http.dart' as http; void main() async { final headers = { 'Content-Type': 'application/json', 'x-api-key': 'your-api-key', }; final data = '{"text":"This sentense has a speling mistake."}'; final url = Uri.parse('https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/validate/spell_check'); final res = await http.post(url, headers: headers, body: data); final status = res.statusCode; if (status != 200) throw Exception('http.post error: statusCode= $status'); print(res.body); } ``` ```kotlin Kotlin import java.io.IOException import okhttp3.MediaType.Companion.toMediaType import okhttp3.OkHttpClient import okhttp3.Request import okhttp3.RequestBody.Companion.toRequestBody val client = OkHttpClient() val MEDIA_TYPE = "application/json".toMediaType() val requestBody = "{\"text\":\"This sentense has a speling mistake.\"}" val request = Request.Builder() .url("https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/validate/spell_check") .post(requestBody.toRequestBody(MEDIA_TYPE)) .header("Content-Type", "application/json") .header("x-api-key", "your-api-key") .build() client.newCall(request).execute().use { response -> if (!response.isSuccessful) throw IOException("Unexpected code $response") response.body!!.string() } ``` ```csharp C# using System.Net.Http; using System.Net.Http.Headers; HttpClient client = new HttpClient(); HttpRequestMessage request = new HttpRequestMessage(HttpMethod.Post, "https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/validate/spell_check"); request.Headers.Add("x-api-key", "your-api-key"); request.Content = new StringContent("{\"text\":\"This sentense has a speling mistake.\"}"); request.Content.Headers.ContentType = new MediaTypeHeaderValue("application/json"); HttpResponseMessage response = await client.SendAsync(request); response.EnsureSuccessStatusCode(); string responseBody = await response.Content.ReadAsStringAsync(); ``` ```json Response { "success": true, "misspellings_found": true, "misspellings": [ { "word": "sentense", "startIndex": 5, "endIndex": 13, "expected": [ "sentence" ], "auto_corrected": true }, { "word": "speling", "startIndex": 20, "endIndex": 27, "expected": [ "spelling", "spewing", "spieling" ], "auto_corrected": true } ], "auto_correct_text": "This sentence has a spelling mistake.", "_usage": { "input_tokens": 13, "output_tokens": 83, "inference_time_tokens": 440, "total_tokens": 536 } } ``` # AI Search Source: https://jigsawstack.com/docs/api-reference/web/ai-search POST https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/web/search Effortlessly search the Web and get access to high-quality results powered with AI. ### Body The search value. The maximum query character length is 400. Include AI powered overview in the search results Include offensive results in the search results
  • `moderate`
  • `strict`
  • `off`
 Spell check the search query. Return results from the specified URLs. ### Response Indicates whether the call was successful. ```javascript Javascript import { JigsawStack } from "jigsawstack"; const jigsaw = JigsawStack({ apiKey: "your-api-key" }); const response = await jigsaw.web.search({ "query": "What is the capital of France?" }) ``` ```python Python from jigsawstack import JigsawStack jigsaw = JigsawStack(api_key="your-api-key") response = jigsaw.web.search({ "query": "What is the capital of France?" }) ``` ```bash Curl curl https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/web/search \ -X POST \ -H 'Content-Type: application/json' \ -H 'x-api-key: your-api-key' \ -d '{"query":"What is the capital of France?"}' ``` ```php PHP 'What is the capital of France?' }.to_json req_options = { use_ssl: uri.scheme == 'https' } res = Net::HTTP.start(uri.hostname, uri.port, req_options) do |http| http.request(req) end ``` ```go Go package main import ( "fmt" "io" "log" "net/http" "strings" ) func main() { client := &http.Client{} var data = strings.NewReader(`{"query":"What is the capital of France?"}`) req, err := http.NewRequest("POST", "https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/web/search", data) if err != nil { log.Fatal(err) } req.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/json") req.Header.Set("x-api-key", "your-api-key") resp, err := client.Do(req) if err != nil { log.Fatal(err) } defer resp.Body.Close() bodyText, err := io.ReadAll(resp.Body) if err != nil { log.Fatal(err) } fmt.Printf("%s\n", bodyText) } ``` ```java Java import java.io.IOException; import java.net.URI; import java.net.http.HttpClient; import java.net.http.HttpRequest; import java.net.http.HttpRequest.BodyPublishers; import java.net.http.HttpResponse; HttpClient client = HttpClient.newHttpClient(); HttpRequest request = HttpRequest.newBuilder() .uri(URI.create("https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/web/search")) .POST(BodyPublishers.ofString("{\"query\":\"What is the capital of France?\"}")) .setHeader("Content-Type", "application/json") .setHeader("x-api-key", "your-api-key") .build(); HttpResponse response = client.send(request, HttpResponse.BodyHandlers.ofString()); ``` ```swift Swift import Foundation let jsonData = [ "query": "What is the capital of France?" ] as [String : Any] let data = try! JSONSerialization.data(withJSONObject: jsonData, options: []) let url = URL(string: "https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/web/search")! let headers = [ "Content-Type": "application/json", "x-api-key": "your-api-key" ] var request = URLRequest(url: url) request.httpMethod = "POST" request.allHTTPHeaderFields = headers request.httpBody = data as Data let task = URLSession.shared.dataTask(with: request) { (data, response, error) in if let error = error { print(error) } else if let data = data { let str = String(data: data, encoding: .utf8) print(str ?? "") } } task.resume() ``` ```dart Dart import 'package:http/http.dart' as http; void main() async { final headers = { 'Content-Type': 'application/json', 'x-api-key': 'your-api-key', }; final data = '{"query":"What is the capital of France?"}'; final url = Uri.parse('https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/web/search'); final res = await http.post(url, headers: headers, body: data); final status = res.statusCode; if (status != 200) throw Exception('http.post error: statusCode= $status'); print(res.body); } ``` ```kotlin Kotlin import java.io.IOException import okhttp3.MediaType.Companion.toMediaType import okhttp3.OkHttpClient import okhttp3.Request import okhttp3.RequestBody.Companion.toRequestBody val client = OkHttpClient() val MEDIA_TYPE = "application/json".toMediaType() val requestBody = "{\"query\":\"What is the capital of France?\"}" val request = Request.Builder() .url("https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/web/search") .post(requestBody.toRequestBody(MEDIA_TYPE)) .header("Content-Type", "application/json") .header("x-api-key", "your-api-key") .build() client.newCall(request).execute().use { response -> if (!response.isSuccessful) throw IOException("Unexpected code $response") response.body!!.string() } ``` ```csharp C# using System.Net.Http; using System.Net.Http.Headers; HttpClient client = new HttpClient(); HttpRequestMessage request = new HttpRequestMessage(HttpMethod.Post, "https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/web/search"); request.Headers.Add("x-api-key", "your-api-key"); request.Content = new StringContent("{\"query\":\"What is the capital of France?\"}"); request.Content.Headers.ContentType = new MediaTypeHeaderValue("application/json"); HttpResponseMessage response = await client.SendAsync(request); response.EnsureSuccessStatusCode(); string responseBody = await response.Content.ReadAsStringAsync(); ``` ```json Response { "success": true, "query": "capital of France", "ai_overview": "Since its liberation in 1944, the capital of France has been Paris. However, throughout history, the capital has been located in other cities:\n\n* Tournai (before 486)\n* Soissons (486–936)\n* Laon (936–987)\n* Paris (987–1419)\n* Orléans (1108)\n* Troyes (1419–1422)\n* Bourges (1422–1444)\n* Tours (1444–1527)\n* Paris (1528–1589)\n* Tours (1589–1594)\n* Paris (1594–1682)\n* Versailles (1682–1789)\n* Paris (1789–1871)\n* Versailles (1871)\n* Bordeaux (September 1914)\n* Tours (June 1940)\n* Bordeaux (June 1940)\n* Clermont-Ferrand (June 1940)\n* Vichy (1940–1944)\n* Brazzaville (1940–1943)\n* Algiers (1943–1944)\n* Paris (1944–present)", "is_safe": true, "results": [ { "title": "List of capitals of France - Wikipedia", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_capitals_of_France", "description": "This is a chronological list of capitals of France. The capital of France has been Paris since its liberation in 1944. ... Paris (987–1419), the residence of the Kings of France, although they were consecrated at Reims. Orléans (1108), one of the few consecrations of a French monarch to ...", "content": "List of capitals of France\nChronology References\nThis is a chronological list of capitals of France. The capital of France has been Paris since its liberation in 1944.[1] Provisional seats of the government:\nCatalà Ελληνικά Español Français Polski Simple English Article Talk Read Edit View history Read Edit View history What links here Related changes Upload file Permanent link Page information Cite this page Get shortened URL Download QR code Download as PDF Printable version Wikidata item Tournai (before 486), current-day Belgium Soissons (486–936) Laon (936–987) Paris (987–1419), the residence of the Kings of France, although they were consecrated at Reims. Orléans (1108), one of the few consecrations of a French monarch to occur outside of Reims occurred at Orléans, when Louis VI the Fat was consecrated in Orléans Cathedral by Daimbert, Archbishop of Sens; from 13 December 1560 to 31 January 1561, the French States-General also met in the city. Troyes (1419–1422), for a short time during the Hundred Years' War, the city was the seat of the royal government. Bourges (1422–1444), Charles VII was forced to flee from Paris. Tours (1444–1527), Louis XI made the Château de Plessis-lez-Tours his residence. Paris (1528–1589), Francis I had established his court in Paris. Tours (1589–1594), faction of parliamentarians, faithful to King Henry IV sat at Tours. Paris (1594–1682)[citation needed] Versailles (1682–1789), from 1682 to 1715, Louis XIV made Versailles his residence and the seat of the French court. Paris (1789–1871), on 5 and 6 October 1789, a throng from Paris invaded the castle and forced the royal family to move back to Paris. The National Constituent Assembly followed the King to Paris soon afterward; Versailles lost its role of capital city. Versailles (1871), the French Third Republic established Versailles as its provisional seat of government in March 1871 after the Paris Commune took control of Paris. Bordeaux (September 1914), the government was relocated from Paris to Bordeaux very briefly during World War I, when it was feared that Paris would soon fall into German hands. These fears were alleviated after the German Army was pushed back at the First Battle of the Marne. Tours (10–13 June 1940), the city served as the temporary capital of France during World War II after the government fled Paris due to the German advance. Bordeaux (June 1940), the government was relocated from Paris to Tours then Bordeaux very briefly during World War II, when it became apparent that Paris would soon fall into German hands. Clermont-Ferrand (29 June 1940), the government was relocated from Bordeaux to Clermont-Ferrand, during a single day, before going to Vichy, which had a larger hotel capacity. Vichy (1940–1944), the Third Republic was abolished in Vichy and replaced it with the French State. Brazzaville (1940–1943), with metropolitan France under Axis powers rule, Brazzaville was announced as the seat of the Free France government. Algiers (1943–1944), the city was made the seat of Free France, to be closer to the war in Europe. Paris (1945-present day). ^ (in French) \"Le retour à la République\", www.cheminsdememoire.gouv.fr. France history-related lists Capitals by country France geography-related lists Articles with French-language sources (fr) Articles with short description Short description is different from Wikidata Articles needing additional references from July 2012 All articles needing additional references All articles with unsourced statements Articles with unsourced statements from October 2022\nCatalà Ελληνικά Español Français Polski Simple English Edit links Article Talk Read Edit View history Read Edit View history What links here Related changes Upload file Permanent link Page information Cite this page Get shortened URL Download QR code Download as PDF Printable version Wikidata item verification improve this article adding citations to reliable sources \"List of capitals of France\" news newspapers books scholar JSTOR Learn how and when to remove this message France liberation [1] edit Tournai Soissons Laon Paris Reims Orléans Louis VI the Fat Orléans Cathedral Daimbert Sens French States-General Troyes Hundred Years' War Bourges Charles VII Tours Louis XI Château de Plessis-lez-Tours Francis I Henry IV citation needed Versailles Louis XIV National Constituent Assembly French Third Republic Paris Commune Bordeaux World War I First Battle of the Marne World War II Clermont-Ferrand Vichy French State Brazzaville metropolitan France Axis powers Free France Algiers Free France Paris edit ^ \"Le retour à la République\" https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_capitals_of_France&oldid=1187979917 Categories France history-related lists Capitals by country France geography-related lists Articles with French-language sources (fr) Articles with short description Short description is different from Wikidata Articles needing additional references from July 2012 All articles needing additional references All articles with unsourced statements Articles with unsourced statements from October 2022\nToggle the table of contents List of capitals of France 6 languages Català Ελληνικά Español Français Polski Simple English Edit links Article Talk English Read Edit View history Tools Read Edit View history What links here Related changes Upload file Permanent link Page information Cite this page Get shortened URL Download QR code Download as PDF Printable version Wikidata item Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Find sources: \"List of capitals of France\" – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR Find sources: \"List of capitals of France\" – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (July 2012) July 2012 (Learn how and when to remove this message) [ ] [edit] [ edit ] citation needed [edit] [ edit ] ^ (in French) \"Le retour à la République\", www.cheminsdememoire.gouv.fr. 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The National Constituent Assembly followed the King to Paris soon afterward; Versailles lost its role of capital city.", "Troyes (1419–1422), for a short time during the Hundred Years' War, the city was the seat of the royal government. Bourges (1422–1444), Charles VII was forced to flee from Paris. Tours (1444–1527), Louis XI made the Château de Plessis-lez-Tours his residence. Paris (1528–1589), Francis I had established his court in Paris." ] }, { "title": "Q+A: Orion Capital – \"We will do more deals in France and Germany over the next 12 months\" - Green Street News", "url": "https://greenstreetnews.com/article/qa-orion-capital-we-will-do-more-deals-in-france-and-germany-over-the-next-12-months/", "description": "Co-founder Aref Lahham on taking advantage of the lack of core capital, refocusing on Continental Europe and investing in 100 New Bridge Street", "content": "Q+A: Orion Capital – \"We will do more deals in France and Germany over the next 12 months\"\nRelated Articles\nOrion Capital seeks Paris return with €110m+ hotel deal Patron Capital in talks with capital partners over firm's future Helical and Orion agree £333m forward sale of 100 New Bridge Street Deutsche Bank mulls Canary Wharf exit\nInvestmentContinental EuropeFranceGermanyHotels & LeisureItalyOfficeResidentialSpainUK & Ireland 22 May 2025 | 15:15 | London | by Julie Cruz Co-founder Aref Lahham on taking advantage of the lack of core capital, refocusing on Continental Europe and investing in 100 New Bridge Street Want to read the full article? London and Frankfurt poised to lead record year for data centre take-up New wave of boutique agencies takes on the big firms UKREiiF: a sunny week, but does the market seem as rosy? Council wins latest legal battle over £350m Manchester towers Assura pauses shareholder vote following fresh PHP approach Q+A: CBRE IM’s David Inskip – “A disappointing interruption of the upward trajectory” Royal London secures consent for £100m London logistics scheme Unilever plans £80m Wirral fragrance hub Melford to seal deal for M&G’s £80m Manchester office Golden Triangle’s “mid-tech” boom shows shift in science occupier demand Asda launches £400m sale and leaseback Q+A: Eastdil’s McCaffrey on fighting like an underdog, a monster pipeline and Leyton Orient’s date with destiny Greykite launches big-box platform and makes £340m triple purchase M7 co-founder Hugh Fraser departs New development manager drafted in at One Poultry L&G big-hitter to leave New wave of boutique agencies takes on the big firms Bidders circle €1.7bn Dalata Lidl to offload €250m store portfolio Irish government closes in on €100m Dublin hotel deal Green Street News 25 Maddox Street London W1S 2QN sales@greenstreetnews.com clientsupport@greenstreetnews.com EXPLORE ACCOUNTS FOLLOW US © 2025 Green Street UK Green Street’s global news publications are not provided as an investment advisor nor in the capacity of a fiduciary. 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Residential Council wins latest legal battle over £350m Manchester towers Healthcare Assura pauses shareholder vote following fresh PHP approach Investment Q+A: CBRE IM’s David Inskip – “A disappointing interruption of the upward trajectory” Logistics Royal London secures consent for £100m London logistics scheme Development Unilever plans £80m Wirral fragrance hub Investment Melford to seal deal for M&G’s £80m Manchester office Life sciences Golden Triangle’s “mid-tech” boom shows shift in science occupier demand Retail Asda launches £400m sale and leaseback Corporate Q+A: Eastdil’s McCaffrey on fighting like an underdog, a monster pipeline and Leyton Orient’s date with destiny Logistics Greykite launches big-box platform and makes £340m triple purchase People M7 co-founder Hugh Fraser departs London New development manager drafted in at One Poultry People L&G big-hitter to leave Corporate New wave of boutique agencies takes on the big firms Hotels & Leisure Bidders circle €1.7bn Dalata Retail Lidl to offload €250m store portfolio Hotels & Leisure Irish government closes in on €100m Dublin hotel deal Data centres London and Frankfurt poised to lead record year for data centre take-up Corporate New wave of boutique agencies takes on the big firms Investment UKREiiF: a sunny week, but does the market seem as rosy? Residential Council wins latest legal battle over £350m Manchester towers Healthcare Assura pauses shareholder vote following fresh PHP approach Investment Q+A: CBRE IM’s David Inskip – “A disappointing interruption of the upward trajectory” Logistics Royal London secures consent for £100m London logistics scheme Development Unilever plans £80m Wirral fragrance hub Investment Melford to seal deal for M&G’s £80m Manchester office Life sciences Golden Triangle’s “mid-tech” boom shows shift in science occupier demand Retail Asda launches £400m sale and leaseback Corporate Q+A: Eastdil’s McCaffrey on fighting like an underdog, a monster pipeline and Leyton Orient’s date with destiny Logistics Greykite launches big-box platform and makes £340m triple purchase People M7 co-founder Hugh Fraser departs London New development manager drafted in at One Poultry People L&G big-hitter to leave Corporate New wave of boutique agencies takes on the big firms Hotels & Leisure Bidders circle €1.7bn Dalata Retail Lidl to offload €250m store portfolio Hotels & Leisure Irish government closes in on €100m Dublin hotel deal Finance/Sales +44 (0)20 3793 7000 Editorial +44 (0)7530 440313 (UK); +44 (0)7434 430836 (Europe) Home About us Team Contact us Subscribe Assistance My Green Street\nGreen Street News - Homepage Select Edition UK & Ireland Europe Canada Australia Enquire Log in Home Partnerships Deal Tracker Regions Continental Europe Austria Benelux Netherlands CEE Poland France Germany Italy Nordics Denmark Sweden Portugal Spain Switzerland UK & Ireland East Midlands East of England Ireland London North West Northern Ireland Scotland South East South West Wales West Midlands Yorkshire & North East Sectors Alternatives Data centres Life sciences Corporate Finance Fundraising Hotels & Leisure Logistics Non-performing loans Occupier Office People Residential Co-living Senior living Student Retail Sustainability Advanced Search Select Edition UK & Ireland Europe Canada Australia Search Partnerships Deal Tracker Contact Us Enquire Log in Home RN Articles Investment Continental Europe France Germany Hotels & Leisure Italy Office Residential Spain UK & Ireland Julie Cruz Login Subscribe Data centres London and Frankfurt poised to lead record year for data centre take-up Corporate New wave of boutique agencies takes on the big firms Investment UKREiiF: a sunny week, but does the market seem as rosy? Residential Council wins latest legal battle over £350m Manchester towers Healthcare Assura pauses shareholder vote following fresh PHP approach Investment Q+A: CBRE IM’s David Inskip – “A disappointing interruption of the upward trajectory” Logistics Royal London secures consent for £100m London logistics scheme Development Unilever plans £80m Wirral fragrance hub Investment Melford to seal deal for M&G’s £80m Manchester office Life sciences Golden Triangle’s “mid-tech” boom shows shift in science occupier demand Retail Asda launches £400m sale and leaseback Corporate Q+A: Eastdil’s McCaffrey on fighting like an underdog, a monster pipeline and Leyton Orient’s date with destiny Logistics Greykite launches big-box platform and makes £340m triple purchase People M7 co-founder Hugh Fraser departs London New development manager drafted in at One Poultry People L&G big-hitter to leave Corporate New wave of boutique agencies takes on the big firms Hotels & Leisure Bidders circle €1.7bn Dalata Retail Lidl to offload €250m store portfolio Hotels & Leisure Irish government closes in on €100m Dublin hotel deal Orion Capital seeks Paris return with €110m+ hotel deal Read → Patron Capital in talks with capital partners over firm's future Read → Helical and Orion agree £333m forward sale of 100 New Bridge Street Read → Deutsche Bank mulls Canary Wharf exit Read → +44 (0)20 3793 7000 +44 (0)7530 440313 (UK); +44 (0)7434 430836 (Europe) sales@greenstreetnews.com clientsupport@greenstreetnews.com Home About us Team Contact us Subscribe Assistance My Green Street Modern Slavery Policy Terms of Use ESG Disclosure Global Privacy Policy and Disclosures\nGreen Street News - Homepage Open Search Home RN Articles Q+A: Orion Capital – “We will do more deals in France and Germany over the next 12 months” Home RN Articles Q+A: Orion Capital – “We will do more deals in France and Germany over the next 12 months” Data centres Corporate Investment Residential Healthcare Investment 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"https://www.greenstreet.com/uploads/Green%20Street%20-%20Modern%20Slavery%20and%20Human%20Trafficking%20Policy.pdf", "https://www.greenstreet.com/termsofuse", "https://www.greenstreet.com/uploads/ESGDisclosure.pdf", "https://info.greenstreet.com/privacy-policy-english" ], "is_safe": true, "favicon": "https://t1.gstatic.com/faviconV2?client=SOCIAL&type=FAVICON&fallback_opts=TYPE,SIZE,URL&url=https://greenstreetnews.com&size=96", "thumbnail": "https://greenstreetnews.com/tachyon/2025/05/Aref.jpg", "snippets": [ "Melford to seal deal for M&G’s £80m Manchester office · Life sciences · Golden Triangle’s “mid-tech” boom shows shift in science occupier demand · Logistics · Partner sought for mega £1bn South East logistics site · Investment · Q+A: Orion Capital – “We will do more deals in France and Germany over the next 12 months” ·" ] }, { "title": "Paris facts: the capital of France in history", "url": "https://home.adelphi.edu/~ca19535/page%204.html", "description": "See details of Paris history. The French Kings, who governed France, from 448 until 1848, commissioned many beautiful monuments, such as Versailles Palace and the Louvre Museum. The Catholic Church and Parisians built many great churches, including Notre Dame and Sainte Chapelle. Paris is a world capital ...", "content": "Paris facts: Paris, the capital of France Paris facts: Paris history Paris facts: Paris, a world city Paris facts: the capital of France in history\nParis is the capital of France, the largest country of Europe with 550 000 km2 (65 millions inhabitants). Paris has 2.234 million inhabitants end 2011. She is the core of Ile de France region (12 million people). Founded more than 2000 years ago, Paris is a modern and vibrant city with significant commercial, cultural, academic, scientific, administrative, business activity. From the Romans to the Vth Republic, Paris has a rich 2000 year history. See details of Paris history. The French Kings, who governed France, from 448 until 1848, commissioned many beautiful monuments, such as Versailles Palace and the Louvre Museum. The Catholic Church and Parisians built many great churches, including Notre Dame and Sainte Chapelle. Paris is a world capital city of shopping and fashion, with Channel, Dior, Vuitton, Yves Saint Laurent among many other top french fashion brands. The French tradition of good food still prevails in many restaurants, including gastronomic restaurants and excellent family style places. All of this turns Paris into a unique tourist city. Before Paris, the capital of France was Lyon (under the Romans). Paris first became the capital of France in 508 under King Clovis. After centuries with no unique capital of France, Paris retrieved its status of capital of France under King Philippe Auguste, who reigned between 1180 and 1223. You can see remains of the Philippe August Paris walls in the passageway between the Louvre parking and Louvre Museum Paris remained the capital of France until today, with one four year interruption. During German occupation (WW2 , 1940-1944), the capital of France was Vichy. go to top Reference: http://www.parisdigest.com/information/facts.htm\nHom e Spain Sydney San Francisco Paris Las Vegas Maui France Europe commercial cultural business Paris history monuments Versailles Palace Louvre Museum great churches Notre Dame Sainte Chapelle shopping fashion top french fashion brands restaurants gastronomic restaurants family style places Lyon King Philippe Auguste Louvre parking and Louvre Museum Vichy go to top", "site_name": "Adelphi", "site_long_name": "home.adelphi.edu", "language": "en", "image_urls": [], "links": [ "https://home.adelphi.edu/index.html", "file:///C:/Documents%20and%20Settings/Administrator/Desktop/mirror/index.html", "https://home.adelphi.edu/page%201.html", "https://home.adelphi.edu/page%202.html", "https://home.adelphi.edu/page%203.html", "https://home.adelphi.edu/page%204.html", "https://home.adelphi.edu/page%205.html", "https://home.adelphi.edu/page%206.html", "http://www.parisdigest.com/famous_places_in_france.htm", "http://www.parisdigest.com/famous_places_in_europe", "http://www.parisdigest.com/menus/shopping.htm", "http://www.parisdigest.com/goingout/showtickets.htm", "http://www.parisdigest.com/menus/business.htm", "http://www.parisdigest.com/history/paris_history.htm", "http://www.parisdigest.com/menus/monument.htm", "http://www.parisdigest.com/monument/chateaudeversailles.htm", "http://www.parisdigest.com/museums/museedulouvre.htm", "http://www.parisdigest.com/menus/catholicparis.htm", "http://www.parisdigest.com/monument/notredam.htm", "http://www.parisdigest.com/information/monument/sainte-chapelle-interior.htm", "http://www.parisdigest.com/menus/fashion.htm", "http://www.parisdigest.com/fashion/french_fashion_paris.htm", "http://www.parisdigest.com/restaurants_in_paris.htm", "http://www.parisdigest.com/menus/restaurants-grande-cuisine.htm", "http://www.parisdigest.com/menus/restaurants-affordable.htm", "http://www.parisdigest.com/map_france/france_map.htm#Lyon", "http://www.parisdigest.com/monument/pantheon.htm", "http://www.parisdigest.com/map_france/france_map.htm#vichy", "https://home.adelphi.edu/#table_top" ], "is_safe": true, "favicon": "https://t1.gstatic.com/faviconV2?client=SOCIAL&type=FAVICON&fallback_opts=TYPE,SIZE,URL&url=https://home.adelphi.edu&size=96", "snippets": [ "See details of Paris history. The French Kings, who governed France, from 448 until 1848, commissioned many beautiful monuments, such as Versailles Palace and the Louvre Museum. The Catholic Church and Parisians built many great churches, including Notre Dame and Sainte Chapelle. Paris is a world capital city of shopping and fashion, with Channel, Dior, Vuitton, Yves Saint Laurent among many other top french fashion brands.", "Before Paris, the capital of France was Lyon (under the Romans). Paris first became the capital of France in 508 under King Clovis. After centuries with no unique capital of France, Paris retrieved its status of capital of France under King Philippe Auguste, who reigned between 1180 and 1223.", "Paris is the capital of France, the largest country of Europe with 550 000 km2 (65 millions inhabitants).", "Paris remained the capital of France until today, with one four year interruption." ] }, { "title": "Paris - Wikipedia", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paris", "description": "Clovis the Frank, the first king of the Merovingian dynasty, made the city his capital from 508. As the Frankish domination of Gaul began, there was a gradual immigration by the Franks to Paris and the Parisian Francien dialects were born.", "content": "Paris\nEtymology History Geography Administration Cityscape Demographics Economy Culture Infrastructure International relations See also Notes References Further reading External links\nOrigins High and Late Middle Ages to Louis XIV 18th and 19th centuries 20th and 21st centuries Location Climate City government Métropole du Grand Paris Regional government National government Police force Urbanism and architecture Housing Suburbs Migration Religion Employment and income Tourism Painting and sculpture Museums Theatre Literature Music Cinema Restaurants and cuisine Fashion Photography Media Holidays and festivals Libraries Sports Transport Electricity Water and sanitation Parks and gardens Cemeteries Education Healthcare International organisations Twin towns – sister cities Other relationships Citations Sources\nWalking Railways Air Motorways Waterways Cycling\nParis (.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}French pronunciation: [paʁi] ⓘ) is the capital and largest city of France. With an estimated population of 2,048,472 residents in January 2025[3] in an area of more than 105 km2 (41 sq mi),[4] Paris is the fourth-most populous city in the European Union and the 30th most densely populated city in the world in 2022.[5] Since the 17th century, Paris has been one of the world's major centres of finance, diplomacy, commerce, culture, fashion, and gastronomy. Because of its leading role in the arts and sciences and its early adaptation of extensive street lighting, Paris became known as the City of Light in the 19th century.[6] The City of Paris is the centre of the Île-de-France region, or Paris Region, with an official estimated population of 12,271,794 inhabitants in January 2023, or about 19% of the population of France.[3] The Paris Region had a nominal GDP of €765 billion (US$1.064 trillion when adjusted for PPP)[7] in 2021, the highest in the European Union.[8] According to the Economist Intelligence Unit Worldwide Cost of Living Survey, in 2022, Paris was the city with the ninth-highest cost of living in the world.[9] Paris is a major railway, highway, and air-transport hub served by two international airports: Charles de Gaulle Airport, the third-busiest airport in Europe, and Orly Airport.[10][11] Paris has one of the most sustainable transportation systems[12] and is one of only two cities in the world that received the Sustainable Transport Award twice.[13] Paris is known for its museums and architectural landmarks: the Louvre received 8.9 million visitors in 2023, on track for keeping its position as the most-visited art museum in the world.[14] The Musée d'Orsay, Musée Marmottan Monet and Musée de l'Orangerie are noted for their collections of French Impressionist art. The Pompidou Centre, Musée National d'Art Moderne, Musée Rodin and Musée Picasso are noted for their collections of modern and contemporary art. The historical district along the Seine in the city centre has been classified as a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1991.[15] Paris is home to several United Nations organizations including UNESCO, as well as other international organizations such as the OECD, the OECD Development Centre, the International Bureau of Weights and Measures, the International Energy Agency, the International Federation for Human Rights, along with European bodies such as the European Space Agency, the European Banking Authority and the European Securities and Markets Authority. The football club Paris Saint-Germain and the rugby union club Stade Français are based in Paris. The 81,000-seat Stade de France, built for the 1998 FIFA World Cup, is located just north of Paris in the neighbouring commune of Saint-Denis. Paris hosts the French Open, an annual Grand Slam tennis tournament, on the red clay of Roland Garros. Paris hosted the 1900, the 1924, and the 2024 Summer Olympics. The 1938 and 1998 FIFA World Cups, the 2019 FIFA Women's World Cup, the 2007 and 2023 Rugby World Cups, the 1954 and 1972 Rugby League World Cups, as well as the 1960, 1984 and 2016 UEFA European Championships were held in Paris. Every July, the Tour de France bicycle race finishes on the Avenue des Champs-Élysées. The ancient oppidum that corresponds to the modern city of Paris was first mentioned in the mid-1st century BC by Julius Caesar as Luteciam Parisiorum ('Lutetia of the Parisii') and is later attested as Parision in the 5th century AD, then as Paris in 1265.[16][17] During the Roman period, it was commonly known as Lutetia or Lutecia in Latin, and as Leukotekía in Greek, which is interpreted as either stemming from the Celtic root *lukot- ('mouse'), or from *luto- ('marsh, swamp').[18][19][17] The name Paris is derived from its early inhabitants, the Parisii, a Gallic tribe from the Iron Age and the Roman period.[20] The meaning of the Gaulish ethnonym remains debated. According to Xavier Delamarre, it may derive from the Celtic root pario- ('cauldron').[20] Alfred Holder interpreted the name as 'the makers' or 'the commanders', by comparing it to the Welsh peryff ('lord, commander'), both possibly descending from a Proto-Celtic form reconstructed as *kwar-is-io-.[21] Alternatively, Pierre-Yves Lambert proposed to translate Parisii as the 'spear people', by connecting the first element to the Old Irish carr ('spear'), derived from an earlier *kwar-sā.[17] In any case, the city's name is not related to the Paris of Greek mythology. Residents of the city are known in English as Parisians and in French as Parisiens ([paʁizjɛ̃] ⓘ). They are also pejoratively called Parigots ([paʁiɡo] ⓘ).[note 1][22] The Parisii people inhabited the Paris area from around the middle of the 3rd century BC.[23][24] One of the area's major north–south trade routes crossed the Seine on the Île de la Cité, which gradually became an important trading centre.[25] The Parisii traded with many river towns (some as far away as the Iberian Peninsula) and minted their own coins.[26] Julius Caesar conquered the Paris Basin for the Roman Republic in 52 BC and began the Roman settlement on Paris's Left Bank.[27] The Roman town was originally called Lutetia (more fully, Lutetia Parisiorum, \"Lutetia of the Parisii\", modern French Lutèce). It became a prosperous city with a forum, baths, temples, theatres, and an amphitheatre.[28] By the end of the Western Roman Empire, the town was known as Parisius, a Latin name that would later become Paris in French.[29] Christianity was introduced in the middle of the 3rd century AD by Saint Denis, the first Bishop of Paris: according to legend, when he refused to renounce his faith before the Roman occupiers, he was beheaded on the hill which became known as Mons Martyrum (Latin \"Hill of Martyrs\"), later \"Montmartre\", from where he walked headless to the north of the city; the place where he fell and was buried became an important religious shrine, the Basilica of Saint-Denis, and many French kings are buried there.[30] Clovis the Frank, the first king of the Merovingian dynasty, made the city his capital from 508.[31] As the Frankish domination of Gaul began, there was a gradual immigration by the Franks to Paris and the Parisian Francien dialects were born. Fortification of the Île de la Cité failed to avert sacking by Vikings in 845, but Paris's strategic importance—with its bridges preventing ships from passing—was established by successful defence in the Siege of Paris (885–886), for which the then Count of Paris (comte de Paris), Odo of France, was elected king of West Francia.[32] From the Capetian dynasty that began with the 987 election of Hugh Capet, Count of Paris and Duke of the Franks (duc des Francs), as king of a unified West Francia, Paris gradually became the largest and most prosperous city in France.[30] By the end of the 12th century, Paris had become the political, economic, religious, and cultural capital of France.[33] The Palais de la Cité, the royal residence, was located at the western end of the Île de la Cité. In 1163, during the reign of Louis VII, Maurice de Sully, bishop of Paris, undertook the construction of the Notre Dame Cathedral at its eastern extremity. After the marshland between the river Seine and its slower 'dead arm' to its north was filled in from around the 10th century,[34] Paris's cultural centre began to move to the Right Bank. In 1137, a new city marketplace (today's Les Halles) replaced the two smaller ones on the Île de la Cité and Place de Grève (Place de l'Hôtel de Ville).[35] The latter location housed the headquarters of Paris's river trade corporation, an organisation that later became, unofficially (although formally in later years), Paris's first municipal government. In the late 12th century, Philip Augustus extended the Louvre fortress to defend the city against river invasions from the west, gave the city its first walls between 1190 and 1215, rebuilt its bridges to either side of its central island, and paved its main thoroughfares.[36] In 1190, he transformed Paris's former cathedral school into a student-teacher corporation that would become the University of Paris and would draw students from all of Europe.[37][33] With 200,000 inhabitants in 1328, Paris, then already the capital of France, was the most populous city of Europe. By comparison, London in 1300 had 80,000 inhabitants.[38] By the early fourteenth century, so much filth had collected inside urban Europe that French and Italian cities were naming streets after human waste. In medieval Paris, several street names were inspired by merde, the French word for \"shit\".[39] During the Hundred Years' War, Paris was occupied by England-friendly Burgundian forces from 1418, before being occupied outright by the English when Henry V of England entered the French capital in 1420;[40] in spite of a 1429 effort by Joan of Arc to liberate the city,[41] it would remain under English occupation until 1436. In the late 16th-century French Wars of Religion, Paris was a stronghold of the Catholic League, the organisers of 24 August 1572 St. Bartholomew's Day massacre in which thousands of French Protestants were killed.[42][43] The conflicts ended when pretender to the throne Henry IV, after converting to Catholicism to gain entry to the capital, entered the city in 1594 to claim the crown of France. This king made several improvements to the capital during his reign: he completed the construction of Paris's first uncovered, sidewalk-lined bridge, the Pont Neuf, built a Louvre extension connecting it to the Tuileries Palace, and created the first Paris residential square, the Place Royale, now Place des Vosges. In spite of Henry IV's efforts to improve city circulation, the narrowness of Paris's streets was a contributing factor in his assassination near Les Halles marketplace in 1610.[44] During the 17th century, Cardinal Richelieu, chief minister of Louis XIII, was determined to make Paris the most beautiful city in Europe. He built five new bridges, a new chapel for the College of Sorbonne, and a palace for himself, the Palais-Cardinal. After Richelieu's death in 1642, it was renamed the Palais-Royal.[45] Due to the Parisian uprisings during the Fronde civil war, Louis XIV moved his court to a new palace, Versailles, in 1682. Although no longer the capital of France, arts and sciences in the city flourished with the Comédie-Française, the Academy of Painting, and the French Academy of Sciences. To demonstrate that the city was safe from attack, the king had the city walls demolished and replaced with tree-lined boulevards that would become the Grands Boulevards.[46] Other marks of his reign were the Collège des Quatre-Nations, the Place Vendôme, the Place des Victoires, and Les Invalides.[47] Paris grew in population from about 400,000 in 1640 to 650,000 in 1780.[48] A new boulevard named the Champs-Élysées extended the city west to Étoile,[49] while the working-class neighbourhood of the Faubourg Saint-Antoine on the eastern side of the city grew increasingly crowded with poor migrant workers from other regions of France.[50] Paris was the centre of an explosion of philosophic and scientific activity, known as the Age of Enlightenment. Diderot and D'Alembert published their Encyclopédie in 1751, before the Montgolfier Brothers launched the first manned flight in a hot air balloon on 21 November 1783. Paris was the financial capital of continental Europe, as well the primary European centre for book publishing, fashion and the manufacture of fine furniture and luxury goods.[51] On 22 October 1797, Paris was also the site of the first parachute jump in history, by Garnerin. In the summer of 1789, Paris became the centre stage of the French Revolution. On 14 July, a mob seized the arsenal at the Invalides, acquiring thousands of guns, with which it stormed the Bastille, a principal symbol of royal authority. The first independent Paris Commune, or city council, met in the Hôtel de Ville and elected a Mayor, the astronomer Jean Sylvain Bailly, on 15 July.[52] Louis XVI and the royal family were brought to Paris and incarcerated in the Tuileries Palace. In 1793, as the revolution turned increasingly radical, the king, queen and mayor were beheaded by guillotine in the Reign of Terror, along with more than 16,000 others throughout France.[53] The property of the aristocracy and the church was nationalised, and the city's churches were closed, sold or demolished.[54] A succession of revolutionary factions ruled Paris until 9 November 1799 (coup d'état du 18 brumaire), when Napoleon Bonaparte seized power as First Consul.[55] The population of Paris had dropped by 100,000 during the Revolution, but after 1799 it surged with 160,000 new residents, reaching 660,000 by 1815.[56] Napoleon replaced the elected government of Paris with a prefect that reported directly to him. He began erecting monuments to military glory, including the Arc de Triomphe, and improved the neglected infrastructure of the city with new fountains, the Canal de l'Ourcq, Père Lachaise Cemetery and the city's first metal bridge, the Pont des Arts.[56] During the Restoration, the bridges and squares of Paris were returned to their pre-Revolution names; the July Revolution in 1830 (commemorated by the July Column on the Place de la Bastille) brought to power a constitutional monarch, Louis Philippe I. The first railway line to Paris opened in 1837, beginning a new period of massive migration from the provinces to the city.[56] In 1848, Louis-Philippe was overthrown by a popular uprising in the streets of Paris. His successor, Napoleon III, alongside the newly appointed prefect of the Seine, Georges-Eugène Haussmann, launched a huge public works project to build wide new boulevards, a new opera house, a central market, new aqueducts, sewers and parks, including the Bois de Boulogne and Bois de Vincennes.[57] In 1860, Napoleon III annexed the surrounding towns and created eight new arrondissements, expanding Paris to its current limits.[57] During the Franco-Prussian War (1870–1871), Paris was besieged by the Prussian Army. Following several months of blockade, hunger, and then bombardment by the Prussians, the city was forced to surrender on 28 January 1871. After seizing power in Paris on 28 March, a revolutionary government known as the Paris Commune held power for two months, before being harshly suppressed by the French army during the \"Bloody Week\" at the end of May 1871.[58] In the late 19th century, Paris hosted two major international expositions: the 1889 Universal Exposition, which featured the new Eiffel Tower, was held to mark the centennial of the French Revolution; and the 1900 Universal Exposition gave Paris the Pont Alexandre III, the Grand Palais, the Petit Palais and the first Paris Métro line.[59] Paris became the laboratory of Naturalism (Émile Zola) and Symbolism (Charles Baudelaire and Paul Verlaine), and of Impressionism in art (Courbet, Manet, Monet, Renoir).[60] By 1901, the population of Paris had grown to about 2,715,000.[61] At the beginning of the century, artists from around the world including Pablo Picasso, Modigliani, and Henri Matisse made Paris their home. It was the birthplace of Fauvism, Cubism and abstract art,[62][63] and authors such as Marcel Proust were exploring new approaches to literature.[64] During the First World War, Paris sometimes found itself on the front line; 600 to 1,000 Paris taxis played a small but highly important symbolic role in transporting 6,000 soldiers to the front line at the First Battle of the Marne. The city was also bombed by Zeppelins and shelled by German long-range guns.[65] In the years after the war, known as Les Années Folles, Paris continued to be a mecca for writers, musicians and artists from around the world, including Ernest Hemingway, Igor Stravinsky, James Joyce, Josephine Baker, Eva Kotchever, Henry Miller, Anaïs Nin, Sidney Bechet[66] and Salvador Dalí.[67] In the years after the peace conference, the city was also home to growing numbers of students and activists from French colonies and other Asian and African countries, who later became leaders of their countries, such as Ho Chi Minh, Zhou Enlai and Léopold Sédar Senghor.[68] On 14 June 1940, the German army marched into Paris, which had been declared an \"open city\".[69] On 16–17 July 1942, following German orders, the French police and gendarmes arrested 12,884 Jews, including 4,115 children, and confined them during five days at the Vel d'Hiv, from which they were transported by train to the extermination camp at Auschwitz. None of the children came back.[70][71] On 25 August 1944, the city was liberated by the French 2nd Armoured Division and the 4th Infantry Division of the United States Army. General Charles de Gaulle led a huge and emotional crowd down the Champs Élysées towards Notre Dame de Paris and made a rousing speech from the Hôtel de Ville.[72] In the 1950s and the 1960s, Paris became one front of the Algerian War for independence; in August 1961, the pro-independence FLN targeted and killed 11 Paris policemen, leading to the imposition of a curfew on Muslims of Algeria (who, at that time, were French citizens). On 17 October 1961, an unauthorised but peaceful protest demonstration of Algerians against the curfew led to violent confrontations between the police and demonstrators, in which at least 40 people were killed. The anti-independence Organisation armée secrète (OAS) carried out a series of bombings in Paris throughout 1961 and 1962.[73][74] In May 1968, protesting students occupied the Sorbonne and put up barricades in the Latin Quarter. Thousands of Parisian blue-collar workers joined the students, and the movement grew into a two-week general strike. Supporters of the government won the June elections by a large majority. The May 1968 events in France resulted in the break-up of the University of Paris into 13 independent campuses.[75] In 1975, the National Assembly changed the status of Paris to that of other French cities and, on 25 March 1977, Jacques Chirac became the first elected mayor of Paris since 1793.[76] The Tour Maine-Montparnasse, the tallest building in the city at 57 storeys and 210 m (689 ft) high, was built between 1969 and 1973. It was highly controversial, and it remains the only building in the centre of the city over 32 storeys high.[77] The population of Paris dropped from 2,850,000 in 1954 to 2,152,000 in 1990, as middle-class families moved to the suburbs.[78] A suburban railway network, the RER (Réseau Express Régional), was built to complement the Métro; the Périphérique expressway encircling the city, was completed in 1973.[79] Most of the postwar presidents of the Fifth Republic wanted to leave their own monuments in Paris; President Georges Pompidou started the Centre Georges Pompidou (1977), Valéry Giscard d'Estaing began the Musée d'Orsay (1986); President François Mitterrand had the Opéra Bastille built (1985–1989), the new site of the Bibliothèque nationale de France (1996), the Arche de la Défense (1985–1989) in La Défense, as well as the Louvre Pyramid with its underground courtyard (1983–1989); Jacques Chirac (2006), the Musée du quai Branly.[80] In the early 21st century, the population of Paris began to increase slowly again, as more young people moved into the city. It reached 2.25 million in 2011. In March 2001, Bertrand Delanoë became the first socialist mayor. He was re-elected in March 2008.[81] In 2007, in an effort to reduce car traffic, he introduced the Vélib', a system which rents bicycles. Bertrand Delanoë also transformed a section of the highway along the Left Bank of the Seine into an urban promenade and park, the Promenade des Berges de la Seine, which he inaugurated in June 2013.[82] In 2007, President Nicolas Sarkozy launched the Grand Paris project, to integrate Paris more closely with the towns in the region around it. After many modifications, the new area, named the Metropolis of Grand Paris, with a population of 6.7 million, was created on 1 January 2016.[83] In 2011, the City of Paris and the national government approved the plans for the Grand Paris Express, totalling 205 km (127 mi) of automated metro lines to connect Paris, the innermost three departments around Paris, airports and high-speed rail (TGV) stations, at an estimated cost of €35 billion.[84] The system is scheduled to be completed by 2030.[85] In January 2015, Al-Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula claimed attacks across the Paris region.[86][87] 1.5 million people marched in Paris in a show of solidarity against terrorism and in support of freedom of speech.[88] In November of the same year, terrorist attacks, claimed by ISIL,[89] killed 130 people and injured more than 350.[90] On 22 April 2016, the Paris Agreement was signed by 196 nations of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change in an aim to limit the effects of climate change below 2 °C.[91] Paris is located in northern central France, in a north-bending arc of the river Seine, whose crest includes two islands, the Île Saint-Louis and the larger Île de la Cité, which form the oldest part of Paris. The river's mouth on the English Channel (La Manche) is about 233 mi (375 km) downstream from Paris. Paris is spread widely on both banks of the river.[92] Overall, Paris is relatively flat, and the lowest point is 35 m (115 ft) above sea level. Paris has several prominent hills, the highest of which is Montmartre at 130 m (427 ft).[93] Excluding the outlying parks of Bois de Boulogne and Bois de Vincennes, Paris covers an oval measuring about 87 km2 (34 sq mi) in area, enclosed by the 35 km (22 mi) ring road, the Boulevard Périphérique.[94] Paris' last major annexation of outlying territories in 1860 gave it its modern form, and created the 20 clockwise-spiralling arrondissements (municipal boroughs). From the 1860 area of 78 km2 (30 sq mi), the city limits were expanded marginally to 86.9 km2 (33.6 sq mi) in the 1920s. In 1929, the Bois de Boulogne and Bois de Vincennes forest parks were annexed to the city, bringing its area to about 105 km2 (41 sq mi).[95] The metropolitan area is 2,300 km2 (890 sq mi).[92] Measured from the 'point zero' in front of its Notre-Dame cathedral, Paris by road is 450 km (280 mi) southeast of London, 287 km (178 mi) south of Calais, 305 km (190 mi) southwest of Brussels, 774 km (481 mi) north of Marseille, 385 km (239 mi) northeast of Nantes, and 135 km (84 mi) southeast of Rouen.[96] Paris has an oceanic climate within the Köppen climate classification, typical of western Europe. This climate type features cool winters, with frequent rain and overcast skies, and mild to warm summers. Very hot and very cold temperatures and weather extremes are rare in this type of climate.[97][failed verification] Summer days are usually mild and pleasant, with average temperatures between 15 and 25 °C (59 and 77 °F), and a fair amount of sunshine.[98] Each year there are a few days when the temperature rises above 32 °C (90 °F). Longer periods of more intense heat sometimes occur, such as the heat wave of 2003 when temperatures exceeded 30 °C (86 °F) for weeks, reached 40 °C (104 °F) on some days, and rarely cooled down at night.[99] Spring and autumn have, on average, mild days and cool nights, but are changing and unstable. Surprisingly warm or cool weather occurs frequently in both seasons.[100] In winter, sunshine is scarce. Days are cool, and nights are cold but generally above freezing, with low temperatures around 3 °C (37 °F).[101] Light night frosts are quite common, but the temperature seldom dips below −5 °C (23 °F). Paris sometimes sees light snow or flurries with or without accumulation.[102] Paris has an average annual precipitation of 641 mm (25.2 in), and experiences light rainfall distributed evenly throughout the year. Paris is known for intermittent, abrupt, heavy showers. The highest recorded temperature was 42.6 °C (108.7 °F), on 25 July 2019.[103] The lowest was −23.9 °C (−11.0 °F), on 10 December 1879.[104] For almost all of its long history, except for a few brief periods, Paris was governed directly by representatives of the king, emperor, or president of France. In 1974, Paris was granted municipal autonomy by the National Assembly.[108] The first modern elected mayor of Paris was Jacques Chirac, elected March 1977, becoming the city's first mayor since 1871 and only the fourth since 1794. The current mayor is Anne Hidalgo, a socialist, first elected in April 2014,[109] and re-elected in June 2020.[110] The mayor of Paris is elected indirectly by Paris voters. The voters of each of the city's 20 arrondissements elect members to the Conseil de Paris (Council of Paris), which elects the mayor. The council is composed of 163 members. Each arrondissement is allocated a number of seats dependent upon its population, from 10 members for each of the least-populated arrondissements, to 34 members for the most populated. The council is elected using closed list proportional representation in a two-round system.[111] Party lists winning an absolute majority in the first round – or at least a plurality in the second round – automatically win half the seats of an arrondissement. The remaining half of seats are distributed proportionally to all lists which win at least 5% of the vote, using the highest averages method.[111] This ensures that the winning party or coalition always wins a majority of the seats, even if they do not win an absolute majority of the vote.[112] Prior to the 2020 Paris municipal election, each of Paris's 20 arrondissements had its own town hall and a directly elected council (conseil d'arrondissement), which elects an arrondissement mayor.[113] The council of each arrondissement is composed of members of the Conseil de Paris, and members who serve only on the council of the arrondissement. The number of deputy mayors in each arrondissement varies depending upon its population. As of 1996, there were 20 arrondissement mayors and 120 deputy mayors.[108] The creation of Paris Centre, a unified administrative division with a single mayor covering the first four arrondissements, took effect with the said 2020 election. The other 16 arrondissements continue to have their own mayors.[114] In January 2016, the Métropole du Grand Paris, or simply Grand Paris, came into existence.[115] It is an administrative structure for co-operation between the City of Paris and its nearest suburbs. It includes the City of Paris, plus the communes of the three departments of the inner suburbs, Hauts-de-Seine, Seine-Saint-Denis and Val-de-Marne, plus seven communes in the outer suburbs, including Argenteuil in Val d'Oise and Paray-Vieille-Poste in Essonne, which were added to include the major airports of Paris. The Metropole covers 814 km2 (314 sq mi). In 2015, it had a population of 6.945 million people.[116][117] The new structure is administered by a Metropolitan Council of 210 members, not directly elected, but chosen by the councils of the member Communes. By 2020 its basic competencies will include urban planning, housing and protection of the environment.[115][117] In January 2016, Patrick Ollier was elected the first president of the metropolitan council. Though the Metropole has a population of nearly seven million people and accounts for 25 percent of the GDP of France, it has a very small budget: just 65 million Euros, compared with eight billion Euros for the City of Paris.[118] The Region of Île de France, including Paris and its surrounding communities, is governed by the Regional Council, composed of 209 members representing its different communes. In December 2015, a list of candidates of the Union of the Right, a coalition of centrist and right-wing parties, led by Valérie Pécresse, narrowly won the regional election, defeating a coalition of Socialists and ecologists. The Socialists had governed the region for seventeen years. The regional council has 121 members from the Union of the Right, 66 from the Union of the Left and 22 from the extreme right National Front.[119] As the capital of France, Paris is the seat of France's national government. For the executive, the two chief officers each have their own official residences, which also serve as their offices. The President of the French Republic resides at the Élysée Palace.[120] The Prime Minister's seat is at the Hôtel Matignon.[121][122] Government ministries are located in various parts of the city, many near the Hôtel Matignon.[123] Both houses of the French Parliament are located on the Rive Gauche. The upper house, the Senate, meets in the Palais du Luxembourg. The more important lower house, the National Assembly, meets in the Palais Bourbon. The President of the Senate, the second-highest public official in France, with the President of the Republic being the sole superior, resides in the Petit Luxembourg, a smaller palace annexe to the Palais du Luxembourg.[124] France's highest courts are located in Paris. The Court of Cassation, the highest court in the judicial order, which reviews criminal and civil cases, is located in the Palais de Justice on the Île de la Cité.[125] The Conseil d'État, which provides legal advice to the executive and acts as the highest court in the administrative order, judging litigation against public bodies, is located in the Palais-Royal in the 1st arrondissement.[126] The Constitutional Council, an advisory body with ultimate authority on the constitutionality of laws and government decrees, meets in the Montpensier wing of the Palais Royal.[127] Paris and its region host the headquarters of several international organisations, including UNESCO, the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, the International Chamber of Commerce, the Paris Club, the European Space Agency, the International Energy Agency, the Organisation internationale de la Francophonie, the European Union Institute for Security Studies, the International Bureau of Weights and Measures, the International Exhibition Bureau, and the International Federation for Human Rights. The security of Paris is mainly the responsibility of the Prefecture of Police of Paris, a subdivision of the Ministry of the Interior. It supervises the units of the National Police who patrol the city and the three neighbouring departments. It is also responsible for providing emergency services, including the Paris Fire Brigade. Its headquarters is on Place Louis Lépine on the Île de la Cité.[128] There are 43,800 officers under the prefecture, and a fleet of more than 6,000 vehicles, including police cars, motorcycles, fire trucks, boats and helicopters.[128] The national police has its own special unit for riot control and crowd control and security of public buildings, called the Compagnies Républicaines de Sécurité (CRS). Vans of CRS agents are frequently seen in the centre of Paris when there are demonstrations and public events. The police are supported by the National Gendarmerie, a branch of the French Armed Forces. Their police operations are supervised by the Ministry of the Interior.[129] Crime in Paris is similar to that in most large cities. Violent crime is relatively rare in the city centre. Political violence is uncommon, though very large demonstrations may occur in Paris and other French cities simultaneously. These demonstrations, usually managed by a strong police presence, can turn confrontational and escalate into violence.[130] Paris is one of the few world capitals that has rarely seen destruction by catastrophe or war. As a result, even its earliest history is visible in its streetmap, and centuries of rulers adding their respective architectural marks on the capital has resulted in an accumulated wealth of history-rich monuments and buildings whose beauty plays a large part in giving Paris the reputation it has today.[131] At its origin, before the Middle Ages, Paris was composed of several islands and sandbanks in a bend of the Seine. Of those, two remain today: Île Saint-Louis and the Île de la Cité. A third one is the 1827 artificially created Île aux Cygnes. Modern Paris owes much of its downtown plan and architectural harmony to Napoleon III and his Prefect of the Seine, Baron Haussmann. Between 1853 and 1870 they rebuilt the city centre, created the wide downtown boulevards and squares where the boulevards intersected, imposed standard facades along the boulevards, and required that the facades be built of the distinctive cream-grey \"Paris stone\". They built the major parks around central Paris.[132] The high residential population of the city centre makes Paris much different from most other major western cities.[133] Paris's urbanism laws have been under strict control since the early 17th century,[134] particularly where street-front alignment, building height and building distribution is concerned.[134] The 210 m (690 ft) Tour Montparnasse was both Paris's and France's tallest building since 1973,[135] Since 2011, this record has been held by the La Défense quarter Tour First tower in Courbevoie. In 2018, the most expensive residential street in Paris by average price per square metre, was Avenue Montaigne, at 22,372 euros per square metre.[136] In 2011, the number of residences in the City of Paris was 1,356,074. Among these, 1,165,541 (85.9 percent) were main residences, 91,835 (6.8 percent) were secondary residences, and the remaining 7.3 percent were empty.[137] Sixty-two percent of buildings date from 1949 and before, with 20 percent built between 1949 and 1974. 18 percent of Paris buildings were built after 1974.[138] Two-thirds of the city's 1.3 million residences are studio and two-room apartments. Paris averages 1.9 people per residence, a number that has remained constant since the 1980s, which is less than Île-de-France's 2.33 person-per-residence average. Only 33 percent of principal residence Parisians own their habitation, against 47 percent for the wider Île-de-France region. Most of Paris' population rent their residence.[138] In 2017, social or public housing was 19.9 percent Paris' residences. Its distribution varies widely throughout Paris, from 2.6 percent of the housing in the wealthy 7th arrondissement, to 39.9 percent in the 19th arrondissement.[139] In February 2019, a Paris NGO conducted its annual citywide count of homeless persons. They counted 3,641 homeless persons in Paris, of whom twelve percent were women. More than half had been homeless for more than a year. 2,885 were living in the streets or parks, 298 in train and metro stations, and 756 in other forms of temporary shelter. This was an increase of 588 persons since 2018.[140] Aside from the 20th-century addition of the Bois de Boulogne, the Bois de Vincennes and the Paris heliport, Paris's administrative limits have remained unchanged since 1860. A greater administrative Seine department had been governing Paris and its suburbs since its creation in 1790, but the rising suburban population had made it difficult to maintain as a unique entity. To address this problem, the parent \"District de la région parisienne\" ('district of the Paris region') was reorganised into several new departments from 1968: Paris became a department in itself, and the administration of its suburbs was divided between the three new departments surrounding it. The district of the Paris region was renamed \"Île-de-France\" in 1977, but this abbreviated \"Paris region\" name is still commonly used today to describe the Île-de-France, and as a vague reference to the entire Paris agglomeration.[141] Long-intended measures to unite Paris with its suburbs began in January 2016, when the Métropole du Grand Paris came into existence.[115] Paris's disconnect with its suburbs, its lack of suburban transportation, in particular, became all too apparent with the Paris agglomeration's growth. Paul Delouvrier promised to resolve the Paris-suburbs mésentente when he became head of the Paris region in 1961.[142] Two of his most ambitious projects for the Region were the construction of five suburban \"villes nouvelles\" (\"new cities\")[143] and the RER commuter train network.[144] Many other suburban residential districts (grands ensembles) were built between the 1960s and 1970s, to provide a low-cost solution for a rapidly expanding population.[145] These districts were socially mixed at first,[146] but few residents actually owned their homes. The growing economy made these accessible to the middle classes only from the 1970s.[147] Their poor construction quality and their haphazard insertion into existing urban growth contributed to their desertion by those able to move elsewhere, and their repopulation by those with more limited resources.[147] These areas, quartiers sensibles (\"sensitive quarters\"), are in northern and eastern Paris, namely around its Goutte d'Or and Belleville neighbourhoods. To the north of Paris, they are grouped mainly in the Seine-Saint-Denis department, and to a lesser extreme to the east in the Val-d'Oise department. Other difficult areas are located in the Seine valley, in Évry et Corbeil-Essonnes (Essonne), in Mureaux, Mantes-la-Jolie (Yvelines), and scattered among social housing districts created by Delouvrier's 1961 \"ville nouvelle\" political initiative.[148] The Paris agglomeration's urban sociology is basically that of 19th-century Paris: the wealthy live in the west and southwest, and the middle-to-working classes are in the north and east. The remaining areas are mostly middle-class, dotted with wealthy islands in areas of historical importance, namely Saint-Maur-des-Fossés to the east and Enghien-les-Bains to the north of Paris.[149] The population of the City of Paris was 2,102,650 in January 2023, down from 2,165,423 in January 2022, according to the INSEE, the French statistical agency. Between 2013 and 2023, the population fell by 122,919, or about five percent. The Mayor of Paris, Anne Hidalgo, declared that this illustrated the \"de-densification\" of the city, creating more green space and less crowding.[152][153] Despite the drop, Paris remains the most densely-populated city in Europe, with 252 residents per hectare, not counting parks.[154] This drop was attributed partly to a lower birth rate, the departure of middle-class residents and the possible loss of housing in Paris, due to short-term rentals for tourism.[155] Paris is the fourth largest municipality in the European Union, after Berlin, Madrid and Rome. Eurostat places Paris (6.5 million people) behind London (8 million) and ahead of Berlin (3.5 million), based on the 2012 populations of what Eurostat calls \"urban audit core cities\".[156] The population of Paris today is lower than its historical peak of 2.9 million in 1921.[157] The principal reasons are a significant decline in household size, and a dramatic migration of residents to the suburbs between 1962 and 1975. Factors in the migration included de-industrialisation, high rent, the gentrification of many inner quarters, the transformation of living space into offices, and greater affluence among working families. Paris's population loss came to a temporary halt at the beginning of the 21st century. The population increased from 2,125,246 in 1999 to 2,240,621 in 2012, before declining again slightly in 2017, 2018, and again in 2021.[158][159] Paris is the core of a built-up area that extends well beyond its limits: commonly referred to as the agglomération Parisienne, and statistically as a unité urbaine (a measure of urban area), the Paris agglomeration's population of 10,785,092 in 2017 made it the largest urban area in the European Union.[160][161] City-influenced commuter activity reaches further, in a statistical aire d'attraction de Paris, \"functional area\", a statistical method comparable to a metropolitan area,[162]), that had a population of 13,024,518 in 2017,[163] 19.6% of the population of France,[164] and the largest metropolitan area in the Eurozone.[161] In 2012, according to Eurostat, the EU statistical agency, in 2012 the Commune of Paris was the most densely populated city in the European Union. There were 21,616 people per square kilometre within the city limits, the NUTS-3 statistical area, ahead of Inner London West, which had 10,374 people per square kilometre. In the same census, three departments bordering Paris, Hauts-de-Seine, Seine-Saint-Denis and Val-de-Marne, had population densities of over 10,000 people per square kilometre, ranking among the 10 most densely populated areas of the EU.[165][verification needed] Under French law, people born in foreign countries with no French citizenship at birth are defined as immigrants. In the 2012 census, 135,853 residents of the City of Paris were immigrants from Europe, 112,369 were immigrants from the Maghreb, 70,852 from sub-Saharan Africa and Egypt, 5,059 from Turkey, 91,297 from Asia outside Turkey, 38,858 from the Americas, and 1,365 from the South Pacific.[166] In the Paris Region, 590,504 residents were immigrants from Europe, 627,078 were immigrants from the Maghreb, 435,339 from sub-Saharan Africa and Egypt, 69,338 from Turkey, 322,330 from Asia outside Turkey, 113,363 from the Americas, and 2,261 from the South Pacific.[167] In 2012, there were 8,810 British citizens and 10,019 United States citizens living in the City of Paris (Ville de Paris), and 20,466 British citizens and 16,408 United States citizens living in the entire Paris Region (Île-de-France).[168][169] In 2020–2021, about 6 million people, or 41% of the population of the Paris Region, were either immigrants (21%) or had at least one immigrant parent (20%). These figures do not include French people born in Overseas France and their direct descendants.[170] At the beginning of the twentieth century, Paris was the largest Catholic city in the world.[171] French census data does not contain information about religious affiliation.[172] In a 2011 survey by the Institut français d'opinion publique (IFOP), a French public opinion research organisation, 61 percent of residents of the Paris Region (Île-de-France) identified themselves as Roman Catholic. In the same survey, 7 percent of residents identified themselves as Muslims, 4 percent as Protestants, 2 percent as Jewish and 25 percent as without religion. According to the INSEE, between 4 and 5 million French residents were born, or had at least one parent born, in a predominantly Muslim country, particularly Algeria, Morocco and Tunisia. An IFOP survey in 2008 reported that, of immigrants from these predominantly Muslim countries, 25 percent went to the mosque regularly. 41 percent practised the religion, and 34 percent were believers, but did not practice the religion.[173][174] In 2012 and 2013, it was estimated that there were almost 500,000 Muslims in the City of Paris, 1.5 million Muslims in the Île-de-France region and 4 to 5 million Muslims in France.[175][176] In 2014, the Jewish population of the Paris Region was estimated to be 282,000, the largest concentration of Jews in the world outside of Israel and the United States.[177] The economy of the City of Paris is based largely on services and commerce. Of the 390,480 enterprises in Paris, 80.6 percent are engaged in commerce, transportation, and diverse services, 6.5 percent in construction, and 3.8 percent in industry.[181] The story is similar in the Paris Region (Île-de-France): 76.7 percent of enterprises are engaged in commerce and services, and 3.4 percent in industry.[182] At the 2012 census, 59.5% of jobs in the Paris Region were in market services (12.0% in wholesale and retail trade, 9.7% in professional, scientific, and technical services, 6.5% in information and communication, 6.5% in transportation and warehousing, 5.9% in finance and insurance, 5.8% in administrative and support services, 4.6% in accommodation and food services, and 8.5% in various other market services), 26.9% in non-market services (10.4% in human health and social work activities, 9.6% in public administration and defence, and 6.9% in education), 8.2% in manufacturing and utilities (6.6% in manufacturing and 1.5% in utilities), 5.2% in construction, and 0.2% in agriculture.[183][184] The Paris Region had 5.4 million salaried employees in 2010, of whom 2.2 million were concentrated in 39 pôles d'emplois or business districts. The largest of these, in terms of number of employees, is known in French as the QCA, or quartier central des affaires. In 2010, it was the workplace of 500,000 salaried employees, about 30 percent of the salaried employees in Paris and 10 percent of those in the Île-de-France. The largest sectors of activity in the central business district were finance and insurance (16 percent of employees in the district) and business services (15 percent). The district includes a large concentration of department stores, shopping areas, hotels and restaurants, as well a government offices and ministries.[185] The second-largest business district in terms of employment is La Défense, just west of the city. In 2010, it was the workplace of 144,600 employees, of whom 38 percent worked in finance and insurance, 16 percent in business support services. Two other important districts, Neuilly-sur-Seine and Levallois-Perret, are extensions of the Paris business district and of La Défense. Another district, including Boulogne-Billancourt, Issy-les-Moulineaux and the southern part of the 15th arrondissement, is a centre of activity for the media and information technology.[185] In 2021, the top French companies listed in the Fortune Global 500 all have their headquarters in the Paris Region. Six are in the central business district of the City of Paris, four are close to the city in the Hauts-de-Seine Department, three are in La Défense and one is in Boulogne-Billancourt. Some companies, like Société Générale, have offices in both Paris and La Défense. The Paris Region is France's leading region for economic activity, with a GDP of €765 billion, of which €253 billion was in Paris city.[186] In 2021, its GDP ranked first among the metropolitan regions of the EU, and its per-capita GDP PPP was the 8th highest.[187][188][189] While the Paris region's population accounted for 18.8 percent of metropolitan France in 2019,[3] the Paris region's GDP accounted for 32 percent of metropolitan France's GDP.[190][191] The Paris Region economy has gradually shifted from industry to high-value-added service industries (finance, IT services) and high-tech manufacturing (electronics, optics, aerospace, etc.).[192] The Paris region's most intense economic activity through the central Hauts-de-Seine department and suburban La Défense business district places Paris's economic centre to the west of the city, in a triangle between the Opéra Garnier, La Défense and the Val de Seine.[192] While the Paris economy is dominated by services, and employment in manufacturing sector has declined sharply, the region remains an important manufacturing centre, particularly for aeronautics, automobiles, and \"eco\" industries.[192] In the 2017 worldwide cost of living survey by the Economist Intelligence Unit, based on a survey made in September 2016, Paris ranked as the seventh most expensive city in the world, and the second most expensive in Europe.[193] In 2018, Paris was the most expensive city in the world with Singapore and Hong Kong.[194] Station F is a business incubator for startups, noted as the world's largest startup facility.[195] In 2007, the majority of Paris's salaried employees filled 370,000 businesses services jobs, concentrated in the north-western 8th, 16th and 17th arrondissements.[196] Paris's financial service companies are concentrated in the central-western 8th and 9th arrondissement banking and insurance district.[196] Paris's department store district in the 1st, 6th, 8th and 9th arrondissements employ ten percent of mostly female Paris workers, with 100,000 of these in the retail trade.[196] Fourteen percent of Parisians worked in hotels and restaurants and other services to individuals.[196] Nineteen percent of Paris employees work for the State in either administration or education. The majority of Paris's healthcare and social workers work at the hospitals and social housing, concentrated in the peripheral 13th, 14th, 18th, 19th and 20th arrondissements.[196] Outside Paris, the western Hauts-de-Seine department La Défense district specialising in finance, insurance and scientific research district, employs 144,600.[192] The north-eastern Seine-Saint-Denis audiovisual sector has 200 media firms and 10 major film studios.[192] Paris's manufacturing is mostly focused in its suburbs. Paris has around 75,000 manufacturing workers, most of which are in the textile, clothing, leather goods, and shoe trades.[192] In 2015, the Paris region's 800 aerospace companies employed 100,000.[192] Four hundred automobile industry companies employ another 100,000 workers. Many of these are centred in the Yvelines department, around the Renault and PSA-Citroën plants. This department alone employs 33,000.[192] In 2014, the industry as a whole suffered a major loss, with the closing of a major Aulnay-sous-Bois Citroën assembly plant.[192] The southern Essonne department specialises in science and technology.[192] The south-eastern Val-de-Marne, with its wholesale Rungis food market, specialises in food processing and beverages.[192] The Paris region's manufacturing decline is quickly being replaced by eco-industries. These employ about 100,000 workers.[192] Incomes are higher in the Western part of Paris and in the western suburbs, than in the northern and eastern parts of the urban area.[197] While Paris has some of the richest neighbourhoods in France, it also has some of the poorest, mostly on the eastern side of the city. In 2012, 14 percent of households in Paris earned less than €977 per month, the official poverty line. Twenty-five percent of residents in the 19th arrondissement lived below the poverty line. In Paris' wealthiest neighbourhood, the 7th arrondissement, 7 percent lived below the poverty line.[198] The unemployment rate in Paris in the 4th trimester of 2021 was six percent, compared with 7.4 percent in the whole of France. This was the lowest rate in thirteen years.[199][200] As of 2024, Paris was considered the most attractive city in the world 4 years in a row, by the Euromonitor Global Cities Destination Index. However, by the number of tourists coming from other countries it was only in the 9th place.[201] Tourism continued to recover in the Paris region in 2022, increasing to 44 million visitors, an increase of 95 percent over 2021, but still 13 percent lower than in 2019.[202] Greater Paris, comprising Paris and its three surrounding departments, received a record 38 million visitors in 2019, measured by hotel arrivals.[203] These included 12.2 million French visitors. Of the foreign visitors, the greatest number came from the United States (2.6 million), United Kingdom (1.2 million), Germany (981 thousand) and China (711 thousand).[203] In 2018, measured by the Euromonitor Global Cities Destination Index, Paris was the second-busiest airline destination in the world, with 19.10 million visitors, behind Bangkok (22.78 million) but ahead of London (19.09 million).[204] In 2016, 393,008 workers in Greater Paris, or 12.4 percent of the total workforce, were engaged in tourism-related sectors such as hotels, catering, transport and leisure.[205] Paris' top cultural attractions in 2022 were the Louvre Museum (7.7 million visitors), the Eiffel Tower (5.8 million visitors), the Musée d'Orsay (3.27 million visitors) and the Centre Pompidou (3 million visitors).[202] In 2019, Greater Paris had 2,056 hotels, including 94 five-star hotels, with a total of 121,646 rooms.[203] In 2019, in addition to the hotels, Greater Paris had 60,000 homes registered with Airbnb.[203] Under French law, renters of these units must pay the Paris tourism tax. The company paid the city government 7.3 million euros in 2016.[206][207][full citation needed] A minuscule fraction of foreign visitors suffer from Paris syndrome, when their experiences do not meet expectations.[208] For centuries, Paris has attracted artists from around the world. As a result, Paris has acquired a reputation as the \"City of Art\".[209] Italian artists were a profound influence on the development of art in Paris in the 16th and 17th centuries, particularly in sculpture and reliefs. Painting and sculpture became the pride of the French monarchy and the French royal family commissioned many Parisian artists to adorn their palaces during the French Baroque and Classicism era. Sculptors such as Girardon, Coysevox and Coustou acquired reputations as the finest artists in the royal court in 17th-century France. Pierre Mignard became the first painter to King Louis XIV during this period. In 1648, the Académie royale de peinture et de sculpture (Royal Academy of Painting and Sculpture) was established to accommodate for the dramatic interest in art in the capital. This served as France's top art school until 1793.[210] Paris was in its artistic prime in the 19th century and early 20th century, when it had a colony of artists established in the city and in art schools associated with some of the finest painters of the times: Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec, Édouard Manet, Claude Monet, Berthe Morisot, Paul Gauguin, Pierre-Auguste Renoir and others. Paris was central to the development of Romanticism in art, with painters such as Géricault.[210] Impressionism, Art Nouveau, Symbolism, Fauvism, Cubism and Art Deco movements all evolved in Paris.[210] In the late 19th century, many artists in the French provinces and worldwide flocked to Paris to exhibit their works in the numerous salons and expositions and make a name for themselves.[211] Artists such as Pablo Picasso, Henri Matisse, Vincent van Gogh, Paul Cézanne, Jean Metzinger, Albert Gleizes, Henri Rousseau, Marc Chagall, Amedeo Modigliani and many others became associated with Paris. The most prestigious sculptors who made their reputation in Paris in the modern era are Frédéric Auguste Bartholdi (Statue of Liberty), Auguste Rodin, Camille Claudel, Antoine Bourdelle, Paul Landowski (statue of Christ the Redeemer in Rio de Janeiro) and Aristide Maillol. The Golden Age of the School of Paris ended between the two world wars. The Louvre received 2,8 million visitors in 2021, up from 2.7 million in 2020,[212] holding its position as first among the most-visited museums. Its treasures include the Mona Lisa (La Joconde), the Venus de Milo statue, and Liberty Leading the People. The second-most visited museum in the city in 2021, with 1.5 million visitors, was the Centre Georges Pompidou, also known as Beaubourg, which houses the Musée National d'Art Moderne The third most visited Paris museum in 2021 was the National Museum of Natural History with 1,4 million visitors. It is famous for its dinosaur artefacts, mineral collections and its Gallery of Evolution. It was followed by the Musée d'Orsay, featuring 19th century art and the French Impressionists, which had one million visitors. Paris hosts one of the largest science museums in Europe, the Cité des sciences et de l'industrie (984,000 visitors in 2020) and one of the oldest, the Musée des Arts et Métiers (opened in 1794). The other most-visited Paris museums in 2021 were the Fondation Louis Vuitton (691,000), the Musée du Quai Branly – Jacques Chirac, featuring the indigenous art and cultures of Africa, Asia, Oceania, and the Americas. (616,000); the Musée Carnavalet (History of Paris) (606,000), and the Petit Palais, the art museum of the City of Paris (518,000).[213] The Musée de l'Orangerie, near both the Louvre and the Orsay, also exhibits Impressionists and Post-Impressionists, including most of Claude Monet's large Water Lilies murals. The Musée national du Moyen Âge, or Cluny Museum, presents Medieval art. The Guimet Museum, or Musée national des arts asiatiques, has one of the largest collections of Asian art in Europe. There are also notable museums devoted to individual artists, including the Musée Picasso, the Musée Rodin and the Musée national Eugène Delacroix. The military history of France is presented by displays at the Musée de l'Armée at Les Invalides. In addition to the national museums, run by the Ministry of Culture, the City of Paris operates 14 museums, including the Carnavalet Museum on the history of Paris, Musée d'Art Moderne de la Ville de Paris, Palais de Tokyo, the House of Victor Hugo, the House of Balzac and the Catacombs of Paris.[214] There are also notable private museums. The Contemporary Art museum of the Louis Vuitton Foundation, designed by architect Frank Gehry, opened in October 2014 in the Bois de Boulogne. The largest opera houses of Paris are the 19th-century Opéra Garnier (historical Paris Opéra) and modern Opéra Bastille; the former tends toward the more classic ballets and operas, and the latter provides a mixed repertoire of classic and modern.[215] In the middle of the 19th century, there were three other active and competing opera houses: the Opéra-Comique (which still exists), Théâtre-Italien and Théâtre Lyrique (which in modern times changed its profile and name to Théâtre de la Ville).[216] Philharmonie de Paris, the modern symphonic concert hall of Paris, opened in January 2015. Another musical landmark is the Théâtre des Champs-Élysées, where the first performances of Diaghilev's Ballets Russes took place in 1913. Theatre traditionally has occupied a large place in Parisian culture, and many of its most popular actors today are also stars of French television. The oldest and most famous Paris theatre is the Comédie-Française, founded in 1680. Run by the Government of France, it performs mostly French classics at the Salle Richelieu in the Palais-Royal.[217] Other famous theatres include the Odéon-Théâtre de l'Europe, also a state institution and theatrical landmark; the Théâtre Mogador; and the Théâtre de la Gaîté-Montparnasse.[218] The music hall and cabaret are famous Paris institutions. The Moulin Rouge was opened in 1889 and became the birthplace of the dance known as the French Cancan. It helped make famous the singers Mistinguett and Édith Piaf and the painter Toulouse-Lautrec, who made posters for the venue. In 1911, the dance hall Olympia Paris invented the grand staircase as a settling for its shows, competing with its great rival, the Folies Bergère. Its stars in the 1920s included the American singer and dancer Josephine Baker. Later, Olympia Paris presented Dalida, Edith Piaf, Marlene Dietrich, Miles Davis, Judy Garland and the Grateful Dead. The Casino de Paris presented many famous French singers, including Mistinguett, Maurice Chevalier and Tino Rossi. Other famous Paris music halls include Le Lido, on the Champs-Élysées, opened in 1946; and the Crazy Horse Saloon, featuring strip-tease, dance and magic, opened in 1951. A half dozen music halls exist today in Paris, attended mostly by visitors to the city.[219] The first book printed in France, Epistolae (\"Letters\"), by Gasparinus de Bergamo (Gasparino da Barzizza), was published in Paris in 1470 by the press established by Johann Heynlin. Since then, Paris has been the centre of the French publishing industry, the home of some of the world's best-known writers and poets, and the setting for many classic works of French literature. Paris did not become the acknowledged capital of French literature until the 17th century, with authors such as Boileau, Corneille, La Fontaine, Molière, Racine, Charles Perrault,[220] several coming from the provinces, as well as the foundation of the Académie française.[221] In the 18th century, the literary life of Paris revolved around the cafés and salons; it was dominated by Voltaire, Jean-Jacques Rousseau, Pierre de Marivaux and Pierre Beaumarchais. During the 19th century, Paris was the home and subject for some of France's greatest writers, including Charles Baudelaire, Stéphane Mallarmé, Mérimée, Alfred de Musset, Marcel Proust, Émile Zola, Alexandre Dumas, Gustave Flaubert, Guy de Maupassant and Honoré de Balzac. Victor Hugo's The Hunchback of Notre-Dame inspired the renovation of its setting, the Notre-Dame de Paris.[222] Another of Victor Hugo's works, Les Misérables, described the social change and political turmoil in Paris in the early 1830s.[223] One of the most popular of all French writers, Jules Verne, worked at the Theatre Lyrique and the Paris stock exchange, while he did research for his stories at the National Library.[224] In the 20th century, the Paris literary community was dominated by figures such as Colette, André Gide, François Mauriac, André Malraux, Albert Camus, and, after World War II, by Simone de Beauvoir and Jean-Paul Sartre. Between the wars it was the home of many important expatriate writers, including Ernest Hemingway, Samuel Beckett, Miguel Ángel Asturias, Alejo Carpentier and, Arturo Uslar Pietri. The winner of the 2014 Nobel Prize in Literature, Patrick Modiano, based most of his literary work on the depiction of the city during World War II and the 1960s–1970s.[225] Paris is a city of books and bookstores. In the 1970s, 80 percent of French-language publishing houses were found in Paris.[226] It is also a city of small bookstores. There are about 150 bookstores in the 5th arrondissement alone, plus another 250 book stalls along the Seine. Small Paris bookstores are protected against competition from discount booksellers by French law; books, even e-books, cannot be discounted more than five percent below their publisher's cover price.[227] In the late 12th century, a school of polyphony was established at Notre-Dame. Among the Trouvères of northern France, a group of Parisian aristocrats became known for their poetry and songs. Troubadours, from the south of France, were also popular. During the reign of François I, in the Renaissance era, the lute became popular in the French court. The French royal family and courtiers \"disported themselves in masques, ballets, allegorical dances, recitals, and opera and comedy\", and a national musical printing house was established.[210] In the Baroque-era, noted composers included Jean-Baptiste Lully, Jean-Philippe Rameau, and François Couperin.[210] The Conservatoire de Musique de Paris was founded in 1795.[228] By 1870, Paris had become an important centre for symphony, ballet and operatic music. Romantic-era composers (in Paris) include Hector Berlioz, Charles Gounod, Camille Saint-Saëns, Léo Delibes and Jules Massenet, among others.[210] Georges Bizet's Carmen premiered 3 March 1875. Carmen has since become one of the most popular and frequently-performed operas in the classical canon.[229][230] Among the Impressionist composers who created new works for piano, orchestra, opera, chamber music and other musical forms, stand in particular, Claude Debussy, Erik Satie and Maurice Ravel. Several foreign-born composers, such as Frédéric Chopin, Franz Liszt, Jacques Offenbach, Niccolò Paganini, and Igor Stravinsky, established themselves or made significant contributions both with their works and their influence in Paris. Bal-musette is a style of French music and dance that first became popular in Paris in the 1870s and 1880s; by 1880 Paris had some 150 dance halls.[231] Patrons danced the bourrée to the accompaniment of the cabrette (a bellows-blown bagpipe locally called a \"musette\") and often the vielle à roue (hurdy-gurdy) in the cafés and bars of the city. Parisian and Italian musicians who played the accordion adopted the style and established themselves in Auvergnat bars,[232] and Paris became a major centre for jazz and still attracts jazz musicians from all around the world to its clubs and cafés.[233] Paris is the spiritual home of gypsy jazz in particular, and many of the Parisian jazzmen who developed in the first half of the 20th century began by playing Bal-musette in the city.[232] Django Reinhardt rose to fame in Paris and performed with violinist Stéphane Grappelli and their Quintette du Hot Club de France in the 1930s and 1940s.[234] Immediately after the War the Saint-Germain-des-Pres quarter and the nearby Saint-Michel quarter became home to many small jazz clubs, including the Caveau des Lorientais, the Club Saint-Germain, the Rose Rouge, the Vieux-Colombier, and the most famous, Le Tabou. They introduced Parisians to the music of Claude Luter, Boris Vian, Sydney Bechet, Mezz Mezzrow, and Henri Salvador. Most of the clubs closed by the early 1960s, as musical tastes shifted toward rock and roll.[235] Some of the finest manouche musicians in the world are found here playing the cafés of the city at night.[234] Some of the more notable jazz venues include the New Morning, Le Sunset, La Chope des Puces and Bouquet du Nord.[233][234] Several yearly festivals take place in Paris, including the Paris Jazz Festival and the rock festival Rock en Seine.[236] The Orchestre de Paris was established in 1967.[237] December 2015 was the 100th anniversary of the birth of Edith Piaf—widely regarded as France's national chanteuse and one of France's greatest international stars.[238] Paris has a big hip hop scene. This music became popular during the 1980s.[239] The movie industry was born in Paris when Auguste and Louis Lumière projected the first motion picture for a paying audience at the Grand Café on 28 December 1895.[240] Many of Paris's concert/dance halls were transformed into cinemas when the media became popular beginning in the 1930s. Paris's largest cinema room today is in the Grand Rex theatre with 2,700 seats.[241] Big multiplex cinemas have been built since the 1990s. UGC Ciné Cité Les Halles with 27 screens, MK2 Bibliothèque with 20 screens and UGC Ciné Cité Bercy with 18 screens are among the largest.[242] Parisians tend to share the same movie-going trends as many of the world's global cities, with cinemas primarily dominated by Hollywood-generated film entertainment. French cinema comes a close second, with major directors (réalisateurs) such as Claude Lelouch, Jean-Luc Godard, and Luc Besson, and the more slapstick/popular genre with director Claude Zidi as an example. European and Asian films are also widely shown and appreciated.[243] Since the late 18th century, Paris has been famous for its restaurants and haute cuisine, food meticulously prepared and artfully presented. A luxury restaurant, La Taverne Anglaise, opened in 1786 in the arcades of the Palais-Royal by Antoine Beauvilliers; it became a model for future Paris restaurants. The restaurant Le Grand Véfour in the Palais-Royal dates from the same period.[244] The famous Paris restaurants of the 19th century, including the Café de Paris, the Rocher de Cancale, the Café Anglais, Maison Dorée and the Café Riche, were mostly located near the theatres on the Boulevard des Italiens. Several of the best-known restaurants in Paris today appeared during the Belle Époque, including Maxim's on Rue Royale, Ledoyen in the gardens of the Champs-Élysées, and the Tour d'Argent on the Quai de la Tournelle.[245] Today, owing to Paris's cosmopolitan population, every French regional cuisine and almost every national cuisine in the world can be found there; the city has more than 9,000 restaurants.[246] The Michelin Guide has been a standard guide to French restaurants since 1900, awarding its highest award, three stars, to the best restaurants in France. In 2018, of the 27 Michelin three-star restaurants in France, ten are located in Paris. These include both restaurants which serve classical French cuisine, such as L'Ambroisie, and those which serve non-traditional menus, such as L'Astrance, which combines French and Asian cuisines. Several of France's most famous chefs, including Pierre Gagnaire, Alain Ducasse, Yannick Alléno and Alain Passard, have three-star restaurants in Paris.[247][248] Paris has several other kinds of traditional eating places. The café arrived in Paris in the 17th century, and by the 18th century Parisian cafés were centres of the city's political and cultural life. The Café Procope on the Left Bank dates from this period. In the 20th century, the cafés of the Left Bank, especially Café de la Rotonde and Le Dôme Café in Montparnasse and Café de Flore and Les Deux Magots on Boulevard Saint Germain, all still in business, were important meeting places for painters, writers and philosophers.[245] A bistro is a type of eating place loosely defined as a neighbourhood restaurant with a modest decor and prices and a regular clientele and a congenial atmosphere. Real bistros are increasingly rare in Paris, due to rising costs, competition, and different eating habits of Parisian diners.[249] A brasserie originally was a tavern located next to a brewery, which served beer and food at any hour. Beginning with the Paris Exposition of 1867, it became a popular kind of restaurant which featured beer and other beverages served by young women in the national costume associated with the beverage. Now brasseries, like cafés, serve food and drinks throughout the day.[250] Since the 19th century, Paris has been an international fashion capital, particularly in the domain of haute couture (clothing hand-made to order for private clients).[251] It is home to some of the largest fashion houses in the world, including Dior and Chanel, as well as many other well-known and more contemporary fashion designers, such as Karl Lagerfeld, Jean-Paul Gaultier, Yves Saint Laurent, Givenchy, and Christian Lacroix. Paris Fashion Week, held in January and July in the Carrousel du Louvre among other renowned city locations, is one of the top four events on the international fashion calendar.[252][253] Moreover, Paris is also the home of the world's largest cosmetics company: L'Oréal as well as three of the top five global makers of luxury fashion accessories: Louis Vuitton, Hermés, and Cartier.[254] Most of the major fashion designers have their showrooms along the Avenue Montaigne, between the Champs-Élysées and the Seine. The inventor Nicéphore Niépce produced the first permanent photograph on a polished pewter plate in Paris in 1825. In 1839, after the death of Niépce, Louis Daguerre patented the Daguerrotype, which became the most common form of photography until the 1860s.[210] The work of Étienne-Jules Marey in the 1880s contributed considerably to the development of modern photography. Photography came to occupy a central role in Parisian Surrealist activity, in the works of Man Ray and Maurice Tabard.[255][256] Numerous photographers achieved renown for their photography of Paris, including Eugène Atget, noted for his depictions of street scenes, Robert Doisneau, noted for his playful pictures of people and market scenes (among which Le baiser de l'hôtel de ville has become iconic of the romantic vision of Paris), Marcel Bovis, noted for his night scenes, as well as others such as Jacques-Henri Lartigue and Henri Cartier-Bresson.[210] Poster art also became an important art form in Paris in the late nineteenth century, through the work of Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec, Jules Chéret, Eugène Grasset, Adolphe Willette, Pierre Bonnard, Georges de Feure, Henri-Gabriel Ibels, Paul Gavarni and Alphonse Mucha.[210] Paris and its close suburbs are home to numerous newspapers, magazines and publications including Le Monde, Le Figaro, Libération, Le Nouvel Observateur, Le Canard enchaîné, La Croix, Le Parisien (in Saint-Ouen), Les Échos, Paris Match (Neuilly-sur-Seine), Réseaux & Télécoms, Reuters France, l'Équipe (Boulogne-Billancourt) and L'Officiel des Spectacles.[258] France's two most prestigious newspapers, Le Monde and Le Figaro, are the centrepieces of the Parisian publishing industry.[259] Agence France-Presse is France's oldest, and one of the world's oldest, continually operating news agencies, and is headquartered in Paris.[260] France 24 is a television news channel owned and operated by the French government, and is based in Paris.[261] France Diplomatie, owned and operated by the Ministry of Foreign and European Affairs, pertains solely to diplomatic news and occurrences.[262] The most-viewed network in France, TF1, is in nearby Boulogne-Billancourt. France 2, France 3, Canal+, France 5, M6 (Neuilly-sur-Seine), Arte, D8, W9, NT1, NRJ 12, La Chaîne parlementaire, France 4, BFM TV, and Gulli are other stations located in and around the capital.[263] Radio France, France's public radio broadcaster, and its various channels, is headquartered in Paris's 16th arrondissement. Radio France Internationale, another public broadcaster is also based in the city.[264] Paris also holds the headquarters of the La Poste, France's national postal carrier.[265] Bastille Day, a celebration of the storming of the Bastille in 1789, the biggest festival in the city, is a military parade taking place every year on 14 July on the Champs-Élysées, from the Arc de Triomphe to Place de la Concorde. It includes a flypast over the Champs Élysées by the Patrouille de France, a parade of military units and equipment, and a display of fireworks in the evening, the most spectacular being the one at the Eiffel Tower.[266] Other yearly festivals include Paris-Plages, a festive summertime event when the Right Bank of the Seine is converted into a temporary beach;[266] Journées du Patrimoine, Fête de la Musique, Techno Parade, Nuit Blanche, Cinéma au clair de lune, Printemps des rues, Festival d'automne, and Fête des jardins. The Carnaval de Paris, one of the oldest festivals in Paris, dates back to the Middle Ages. The Bibliothèque nationale de France (BnF) operates public libraries in Paris, among them the François Mitterrand Library, Richelieu Library, Louvois, Opéra Library, and Arsenal Library.[267] The Bibliothèque Forney, in the Marais district, is dedicated to the decorative arts; the Arsenal Library occupies a former military building, and has a large collection on French literature; and the Bibliothèque historique de la ville de Paris, also in Le Marais, contains the Paris historical research service. The Sainte-Geneviève Library, designed by Henri Labrouste and built in the mid-1800s, contains a rare book and manuscript division.[268] Bibliothèque Mazarine is the oldest public library in France. The Médiathèque Musicale Mahler opened in 1986 and contains collections related to music. The François Mitterrand Library (nicknamed Très Grande Bibliothèque) was completed in 1994 to a design of Dominique Perrault and contains four glass towers.[268] There are several academic libraries and archives in Paris. The Sorbonne Library is the largest university library in Paris. In addition to the Sorbonne location, there are branches in Malesherbes, Clignancourt-Championnet, Michelet-Institut d'Art et d'Archéologie, Serpente-Maison de la Recherche, and Institut des Etudes Ibériques.[269] Other academic libraries include Interuniversity Pharmaceutical Library, Leonardo da Vinci University Library, Paris School of Mines Library, and the René Descartes University Library.[270] Paris's most popular sport clubs are the association football club Paris Saint-Germain F.C. and the rugby union clubs Stade Français and Racing 92 (the latter based in Nanterre, a western inner suburb just outside the city proper). The 80,000-seat Stade de France, built for the 1998 FIFA World Cup, is located just north of Paris in the commune of Saint-Denis.[271] It is used for football, rugby union and track and field athletics. It hosts the France national football team for friendlies and major tournaments qualifiers, annually hosts the French national rugby team's home matches of the Six Nations Championship, and hosts several important matches of the Stade Français rugby team.[271] The city and closer suburbs have a number of other professional and amateur football clubs: Paris FC, Red Star FC, US Créteil, RCF Paris and Stade Français Football. Rugby league is not a popular sport in Paris compared to other areas of France. Despite this, the capital has hosted several major events in the sport's history since the country's first game, and exhibition match between the Australia national team and a British League Select XIII, in December 1933. The Rugby League World Cup was first held in 1954 with the Parc des Princes hosting the opening match and the final in which France finished as runners-up to Great Britain. The newly rebuild Parc des Princes was later used for a group game of the 1972 Rugby League World Cup. In 1996 and 1997, football club Paris Saint-Germain entered created a rugby league club to participate in the Super League.[272] In 2006, Catalans Dragons became the first French side to enter the British rugby league system following PSG's withdrawal. In 2026 they will move their home game against Wigan Warriors (world champions at time of planning) to Paris to celebrate 20 years of French clubs in the British game.[273] Paris hosted the 1900, 1924 and 2024 Summer Olympics. The city also bid for the 1992, 2008, and 2012 Olympic Games but lost to Barcelona, Beijing, and London. The city hosted the finals of the 1938 FIFA World Cup, at the Stade Olympique de Colombes, and the 1998 FIFA World Cup, 2007 Rugby World Cup and 2023 Rugby World Cup, at the Stade de France. Paris hosted as well as the finals of the 1960, 1984 (both at Parc des Princes stadium) and 2016 UEFA European Championships.[274] Three UEFA Champions League Finals in the current century have also been played in the Stade de France: the 2000, 2006 and 2022.[275] The final stage of the most famous bicycle racing in the world, Tour de France, always finishes in Paris. Since 1975, the race has finished on the Champs-Elysées.[276] Tennis is another popular sport in Paris and throughout France; the French Open, held every year on the red clay of the Roland Garros National Tennis Centre,[277] is one of the four Grand Slam events of the world professional tennis tour. The 17,000-seat Bercy Arena is the venue for the annual Paris Masters tennis tournament. The Bercy Arena also hosted the 2017 IIHF World Ice Hockey Championship, together with Cologne, Germany. The final stages of the FIBA EuroBasket 1951 and EuroBasket 1999 were also played in Paris, the latter at the Palais Omnisports de Paris-Bercy. Basketball teams Levallois SCB and Paris Basket Racing merged in 2007 to create club Metropolitans 92, which plays some of its games at the Stade Pierre de Coubertin.[278] Another top-level professional team, Nanterre 92, plays in Nanterre. Founded in 2018, Paris Basketball has seen rapid growth to success, winning the 2023–24 EuroCup. Professional handball club Paris Saint-Germain (the handball department of Paris Saint-Germain Football Club) plays in the highest tier of French handball, the LNH Division 1. In 2023, a professional American football team, the Paris Musketeers, were formed in the city[279] joining the European League of Football. Paris is a major rail, highway, and air transport hub. The Île-de-France Mobilités (IDFM) oversees the transit network in the region.[280] The syndicate coordinates public transport. The RATP operates 347 bus lines, the Métro, eight tramway lines, and sections of the RER. The SNCF operates suburban rails, one tramway line and the other sections of the RER. The Optile consortium of private operators manages 1,176 bus lines.[281] Paris has one of the most sustainable transportation systems in the world,[12][282] and is one of only two cities that received the Sustainable Transport Award twice, in 2008 and 2023.[13] In 2022–2023, 53.3% of trips in Paris were made on foot, 30% on public transport, 11.2% on bicycles and 4.3% on cars.[283][284] Bike lanes are being doubled, and electric car incentives are being created. Paris is banning the most polluting automobiles from key districts.[285][286] The concept of the 15-minute city was created by Carlos Moreno (urbanist) a professor from Paris and began to be implemented by its mayor Anne Hidalgo.[287] Walking is the most popular mode of transportation in Paris accounting for 53% of all trips in 2024.[288] In the Grand Paris metropolis walking is also the most popular way of moving. The number of trips made by foot increased by 50% from the year 2000 to 2018.[289] Paris is considered a walkable city and try to increase walkability more.[290][291] A central hub of the national rail network, Paris's six major railway stations (Gare du Nord, Gare de l'Est, Gare de Lyon, Gare d'Austerlitz, Gare Montparnasse, Gare Saint-Lazare) and a minor one (Gare de Bercy) are connected to three networks: high-speed rail lines (TGV, Eurostar, Intercity Express, Frecciarossa), normal speed trains (Intercités, Intercités de nuit, Nightjet, TER), and the suburban rails (Transilien). The Transilien is the commuter rail network serving Paris region, through 9 lines, 392 stations and 1,294 km (804.1 mi) of rails. Since the inauguration of its first line in 1900, Paris's Métro network has grown to become the city's most widely used local transport system. In 2015, it carried about 5.23 million passengers daily.[292] There are 16 lines, 321 stations (405 stops) and 245.6 km (152.6 mi) of rails. Superimposed on this is a \"regional express network\", the RER, whose five lines, 257 stops and 602 km (374 mi) of rails connect Paris to more distant parts of the urban area. With over 1.4 million passengers per day RER A is the busiest metro line in Europe. The Paris region is served by a light rail network, the tramway. Opened since 1992, fifteen lines are operational. The network is 196.6 kilometres (122.2 mi) long, with 283 stations. Paris is a major international air transport hub, and the 5th busiest airport system in the world. Paris is served by three commercial international airports: Charles de Gaulle Airport, Orly Airport and Beauvais–Tillé Airport. In 2019, these three airports recorded traffic of 112 million passengers.[294] There is also one general aviation airport, Paris–Le Bourget Airport, historically the oldest Parisian airport and closest to the city centre, which is now used only for private business flights and air shows. Charles de Gaulle Airport, located on the edge of the northern suburbs of Paris, opened to commercial traffic in 1974 and became the busiest Parisian airport in 1993.[295] In 2023, it was the 4th busiest airport in the world by international traffic and it is the hub for the nation's flag carrier, Air France.[296] Beauvais-Tillé Airport, located 69 km (43 mi) north of Paris's city centre, is used by charter airlines and low-cost carriers. Paris is the most important hub of France's motorway network, and is surrounded by three orbital freeways: the Périphérique,[94] which follows the approximate path of 19th-century fortifications around Paris, the A86 motorway in the inner suburbs, and the Francilienne motorway in the outer suburbs. Paris has an extensive road network with over 2,000 km (1,243 mi) of highways and motorways. The Paris region is the most active water transport area in France. Most of the cargo is handled by the Ports of Paris, in facilities located around Paris. The rivers Loire, Rhine, Rhône, Meuse, and Scheldt can be reached by canals connecting with the Seine, which include the Canal Saint-Martin, Canal Saint-Denis, and the Canal de l'Ourcq.[297] There are 440 km (270 mi) of cycle paths and routes in Paris. These include piste cyclable, bike lanes separated from other traffic by physical barriers, and bande cyclable, a bicycle lane denoted by a painted path on the road). Some 29 km (18 mi) of specially marked bus lanes are free for use by cyclists, with a protective barrier against encroachments from vehicles.[298] Cyclists have the right to ride in both directions on certain one-way streets. Paris has a bike sharing system called Vélib' with more than 20,000 public bicycles distributed at 1,800 parking stations.[299] Electricity is provided to Paris through a peripheral grid, fed by multiple sources. In 2012, around 50% of electricity generated in the Île-de-France came from cogeneration energy plants. Other energy sources included thermal power (35%), waste incineration (9% – with cogeneration plants, these provide the city in heat as well), methane gas (5%), hydraulics (1%), solar power (0.1%) and a negligible amount of wind power.[300] A quarter of the city's district heating is to come from a plant in Saint-Ouen-sur-Seine, burning a 50/50-mix of coal and wood pellets.[301] Paris in its early history had only the rivers Seine and Bièvre for water. From 1809, the Canal de l'Ourcq provided Paris with water from less-polluted rivers to the north-east of the capital.[302] From 1857, the civil engineer Eugène Belgrand, under Napoleon III, oversaw the construction of a series of new aqueducts that brought water from locations all around the city to several reservoirs.[303] From then on, the new reservoir system became Paris's principal source of drinking water. The remains of the old system, pumped into lower levels of the same reservoirs, were from then on used for the cleaning of Paris's streets. This system is still a major part of Paris's water-supply network. Today Paris has more than 2,400 km (1,491 mi) of underground sewers.[304] Air pollution in Paris, from the point of view of particulate matter (PM10), is the highest in France with 38 μg/m3.[305] From the point of view of nitrogen dioxide pollution, Paris has one of the highest levels in the EU.[306] Paris has more than 421 municipal parks and gardens, covering more than 3,000 hectares and containing more than 250,000 trees.[307] Two of Paris's oldest and most famous gardens are the Tuileries Garden, created in 1564 for the Tuileries Palace and redone by André Le Nôtre between 1664 and 1672,[308] and the Luxembourg Garden, for the Luxembourg Palace, built for Marie de' Medici in 1612, which today houses the Senate.[309] The Jardin des plantes was the first botanical garden in Paris, created in 1626.[310] Between 1853 and 1870, Emperor Napoleon III and the city's first director of parks and gardens, Jean-Charles Adolphe Alphand, created the Bois de Boulogne, Bois de Vincennes, Parc Montsouris and Parc des Buttes-Chaumont, located at the four compass points around Paris, as well as many smaller parks, squares and gardens in the Paris's quarters.[311] Since 1977, the city has created 166 new parks, most notably the Parc de la Villette (1987), Parc André Citroën (1992), Parc de Bercy (1997) and Parc Clichy-Batignolles (2007).[312] One of the newest parks, the Promenade des Berges de la Seine (2013), has floating gardens. During the Roman era, Paris' main cemetery was located on the outskirts of the left bank settlement. This changed with the rise of Catholic Christianity, where most every inner-city church had adjoining burial grounds for use by their parishes. With Paris's growth, many of these, particularly the city's largest cemetery, the Holy Innocents' Cemetery, were filled to overflowing. When inner-city burials were condemned from 1786, the contents of all Paris' parish cemeteries were transferred to a renovated section of Paris's stone mines, today place Denfert-Rochereau in the 14th arrondissement.[313][314] After a tentative creation of several smaller suburban cemeteries, the Prefect Nicholas Frochot under Napoleon Bonaparte provided a more definitive solution, in the creation of three massive Parisian cemeteries outside the city limits.[315] Open from 1804, these were the cemeteries of Père Lachaise, Montmartre, Montparnasse, and later Passy. New suburban cemeteries were created in the early 20th century: The largest of these are the Cimetière parisien de Saint-Ouen, the Cimetière parisien de Pantin, also known as Cimetière parisien de Pantin-Bobigny, the Cimetière parisien d'Ivry, and the Cimetière parisien de Bagneux.[316] Famous people buried in Parisian cemeteries include Oscar Wilde, Frédéric Chopin, Jim Morrison, Édith Piaf and Serge Gainsbourg.[317] Paris is the département with the highest proportion of highly educated people. In 2009, around 40 percent of Parisians held a licence-level diploma or higher, the highest proportion in France.[318] 13 percent have no diploma, the third-lowest percentage in France. Education in Paris and the Île-de-France region employs approximately 330,000 people, 170,000 of whom are teachers and professors, teaching approximately 2.9 million students in around 9,000 primary, secondary, and higher education schools and institutions.[319] The University of Paris, founded in the 12th century, is often called the Sorbonne after one of its original medieval colleges. In 1970, it was broken up into thirteen autonomous universities, following the student demonstrations in 1968. Most of the campuses today are in the Latin Quarter where the old university was located, while others are scattered around the city and the suburbs.[320] The Paris region hosts France's highest concentration of the grandes écoles – 55 specialised centres of higher-education outside or inside the public university structure. The prestigious public universities are usually considered grands établissements. Most of the grandes écoles were relocated to the suburbs of Paris in the 1960s and 1970s, in new campuses much larger than the old campuses within the crowded City of Paris. The École Normale Supérieure, PSL University has remained on rue d'Ulm in the 5th arrondissement.[321] In 2025, Paris is the home of prestigious universities in science and technology (Conservatoire national des arts et métiers, Polytechnic Institute of Paris, Paris Cité University, Paris-Saclay University, Sorbonne University), political science (Sciences Po),[322] management (HEC Paris, ESSEC Business School, ESCP Business School, INSEAD)[323] as well as multidisciplinary universities (Paris Sciences et Lettres University).[324] Health care and emergency medical service in the City of Paris and its suburbs are provided by the Assistance publique – Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), a public hospital system that employs more than 90,000 people, including practitioners, support personnel, and administrators, in 44 hospitals.[325] It is the largest hospital system in Europe. The hospitals receive more than 5.8 million annual patient visits.[325] One of the most notable hospitals is the Hôtel-Dieu, founded in 651, the oldest hospital in Paris and the oldest worldwide still operating,[326] although the current building is the product of a reconstruction of 1877. Other hospitals include Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, one of the largest in Europe, Hôpital Cochin, Bichat–Claude Bernard Hospital, Hôpital Européen Georges-Pompidou, Bicêtre Hospital, Beaujon Hospital, the Curie Institute, Lariboisière Hospital, Necker–Enfants Malades Hospital, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Hôpital de la Charité and the American Hospital of Paris. The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) has had its headquarters in Paris since November 1958. Paris is also the home of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD).[327] Paris hosts the headquarters of the European Space Agency, the International Energy Agency, European Securities and Markets Authority and the European Banking Authority. Since April 1956, Paris is exclusively and reciprocally twinned with:[328][329] Paris has agreements of friendship and co-operation with:[328]\nAcèh Адыгэбзэ Адыгабзэ Afrikaans Alemannisch አማርኛ Anarâškielâ अंगिका Ænglisc العربية Aragonés ܐܪܡܝܐ Արեւմտահայերէն Armãneashti Arpetan অসমীয়া Asturianu Atikamekw अवधी Avañe'ẽ Авар Aymar aru Azərbaycanca تۆرکجه Basa Bali Bamanankan বাংলা 閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú Башҡортса Беларуская Беларуская (тарашкевіца) भोजपुरी Bikol Central Bislama Български Boarisch བོད་ཡིག Bosanski Brezhoneg Буряад Català Чӑвашла Cebuano Čeština Chamoru Chavacano de Zamboanga Chi-Chewa ChiShona ChiTumbuka Corsu Cymraeg Dagbanli Dansk الدارجة Davvisámegiella Deitsch Deutsch Diné bizaad Dolnoserbski डोटेली ཇོང་ཁ Eesti Ελληνικά Emiliàn e rumagnòl Эрзянь Español Esperanto Estremeñu Euskara Eʋegbe فارسی Fiji Hindi Føroyskt Français Frysk Fulfulde Furlan Gaeilge Gaelg Gagauz Gàidhlig Galego ГӀалгӀай 贛語 گیلکی ગુજરાતી 𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺 गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni Gungbe 客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî 한국어 Hausa Hawaiʻi Հայերեն हिन्दी Hornjoserbsce Hrvatski Ido Ilokano Bahasa Indonesia Interlingua Interlingue ᐃᓄᒃᑎᑐᑦ / inuktitut Ирон IsiXhosa IsiZulu Íslenska Italiano עברית Jawa Kabɩyɛ Kalaallisut ಕನ್ನಡ Kapampangan Къарачай-малкъар ქართული कॉशुर / کٲشُر Kaszëbsczi Қазақша Kernowek Ikinyarwanda Ikirundi Kiswahili Коми Kongo Kotava Kreyòl ayisyen Kriyòl gwiyannen Kurdî Кыргызча Кырык мары Ladin Ladino ລາວ Latgaļu Latina Latviešu Lëtzebuergesch Лезги Lietuvių Ligure Limburgs Lingála Lingua Franca Nova Livvinkarjala La .lojban. Luganda Lombard Magyar मैथिली Македонски Malagasy മലയാളം Malti Māori मराठी მარგალური مصرى مازِرونی Bahasa Melayu Minangkabau 閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄ Mirandés Мокшень Монгол မြန်မာဘာသာ Na Vosa Vakaviti Nederlands Nedersaksies नेपाली नेपाल भाषा 日本語 Napulitano Нохчийн Nordfriisk Norsk bokmål Norsk nynorsk Nouormand Novial Occitan Олык марий ଓଡ଼ିଆ Oromoo Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча ਪੰਜਾਬੀ پنجابی Papiamentu پښتو Patois Перем коми ភាសាខ្មែរ Picard Piemontèis Pinayuanan Tok Pisin Plattdüütsch Polski Ποντιακά Português Qaraqalpaqsha Qırımtatarca Reo tahiti Română Romani čhib Rumantsch Runa Simi Русиньскый Русский Саха тыла Gagana Samoa Sängö ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ Sardu Scots Seeltersk Sesotho Shqip Sicilianu සිංහල Simple English سنڌي Slovenčina Slovenščina Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ Ślůnski Soomaaliga کوردی Sranantongo Српски / srpski Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски Sunda Suomi Svenska Tagalog தமிழ் Taclḥit Taqbaylit Tarandíne Татарча / tatarça తెలుగు Tetun ไทย Тоҷикӣ Lea faka-Tonga Tsetsêhestâhese Türkçe Türkmençe Twi Tyap Тыва дыл Удмурт Українська اردو ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche Vahcuengh Vèneto Vepsän kel’ Tiếng Việt Volapük Võro Walon 文言 West-Vlams Winaray Wolof 吴语 ייִדיש Yorùbá 粵語 Zazaki Zeêuws Žemaitėška 中文 Betawi Fɔ̀ngbè Kumoring Yerwa Kanuri Руски Tolışi ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ Article Talk Read View source View history Read View source View history What links here Related changes Upload file Permanent link Page information Cite this page Get shortened URL Download QR code Download as PDF Printable version Wikimedia Commons Wikinews Wikiquote Wikivoyage Wikidata item Rome, Italy Algiers, 2003 Amman, 1987 Amsterdam, 2013 Athens, 2000 Beijing, 1997 Beirut, 1992 Berlin, 1987 Brazzaville, 2015 Buenos Aires, 1999 Cairo, 1985 Casablanca, 2004 Chicago, 1996 Copenhagen, 2005 Dakar, 2011 Doha, 2010 Geneva, 2002 Istanbul, 2009 Jakarta, 1995 Jericho, 2009 Kinshasa, 2014 Kyoto, 1958 Lisbon, 1998 London, 2001 Madrid, 2000 Mexico City, 1999 Montevideo, 2013 Montreal, 2006 Moscow, 1992 Phnom Penh, 2007 Porto Alegre, 2001 Prague, 1997 Quebec City, 1996 Rabat, 2004 Ramallah, 2011 Rio de Janeiro, 2009 Riyadh, 1997 Saint Petersburg, 1997 Sanaa, 1987 San Francisco, 1996 Santiago, 1997 São Paulo, 2004 Seoul, 1991 Sofia, 1998 Sydney, 1998 Tbilisi, 1997 Tel Aviv, 2010 Tokyo, 1982 Tunis, 2004 Warsaw, 1999 Washington, D.C., 2000 Yerevan, 1998 France portal Cities portal Art Nouveau in Paris Art Deco in Paris C40 Cities Climate Leadership Group International Exposition of Modern Industrial and Decorative Arts held in Paris in 1925 Megacity Outline of France Outline of Paris Paris syndrome Parish and Civil Registers in Paris ^ The word was most likely created by Parisians of the lower popular class who spoke *argot*, then *parigot* was used in a provocative manner outside the Parisian region and throughout France to mean Parisians in general. ^ .mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:\"\\\"\"\"\\\"\"\"'\"\"'\"}.mw-parser-output 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élus: les maires\". data.gouv.fr (in French). 16 December 2022. 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Official website (in French) v t e Administration Airports Charles de Gaulle Orly Charles de Gaulle Orly Archdiocese Architecture era of absolutism tallest buildings era of absolutism tallest buildings Bridges Culture music music Cycling Vélib' Métropole Vélib' Métropole Economy Education History (timeline) Landmarks Libraries Mayors Museums list list Squares Topography Transport Métro Transilien Tramways RER Métro Transilien Tramways RER Tourism syndrome syndrome Grand Paris Paris metropolitan area Île-de-France France v t e Paris Marseille Lyon Toulouse Nice Nantes Montpellier Strasbourg Bordeaux Lille Rennes Toulon Reims Saint-Étienne Le Havre Villeurbanne Dijon Angers Grenoble Saint-Denis, Réunion Nîmes Saint-Denis, Seine-Saint-Denis Aix-en-Provence Clermont-Ferrand Le Mans Brest Tours Amiens Annecy Limoges Metz Perpignan Boulogne-Billancourt Besançon Orléans Rouen Montreuil Caen Argenteuil Saint-Paul Mulhouse Nancy Complete list v t e Arc de Triomphe Arc de Triomphe du Carrousel 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Moderne Musée national Eugène Delacroix Musée national Gustave Moreau Musée national des Monuments Français Muséum national d'histoire naturelle Musée de Cluny – Musée national du Moyen Âge Musée de l'Orangerie Musée d'Orsay Musée Pasteur Musée Picasso Musée du Quai Branly Musée Rodin Palais de la Légion d'Honneur Musée de la Légion d'honneur Musée de la Légion d'honneur Palais de Tokyo Alexander Nevsky Cathedral American Cathedral American Church Armenian Cathedral of St. John the Baptist Chapelle expiatoire Grand Mosque Grand Synagogue Synagogue de Nazareth La Madeleine Notre-Dame de Paris Notre-Dame-de-Bonne-Nouvelle Notre-Dame-de-Lorette Notre-Dame-des-Victoires Sacré-Cœur Saint Ambroise Saint-Augustin Saint-Étienne-du-Mont Saint-Eustache Saint-François-Xavier Saint-Germain-des-Prés Saint-Germain l'Auxerrois Saint-Gervais-Saint-Protais Tour Saint-Jacques Saint-Jean de Montmartre Saint-Paul-Saint-Louis Saint-Pierre de Montmartre Saint-Roch Saint-Sulpice Saint-Vincent-de-Paul Sainte-Chapelle Sainte-Clotilde Sainte-Trinité Temple du Marais Val-de-Grâce Élysée Palace Hôtel de Beauvais Hôtel de Charost Hôtel de Crillon Hôtel d'Estrées Hôtel de la Païva Hôtel de Pontalba Hôtel de Sens Hôtel de Soubise Hôtel de Sully Hôtel de Ville Hôtel Lambert Hôtel Matignon Luxembourg Palace Petit Luxembourg Petit Luxembourg Palais Bourbon Palais de Justice Palais de la Cité Palais de la Cité Palais-Royal Avenue de l'Opéra Avenue Foch Avenue George V Boulevard de la Madeleine Boulevard de Sébastopol Canal de l'Ourcq Canal Saint-Martin Champ de Mars Champs-Élysées Covered passages Galerie Véro-Dodat Choiseul Panoramas Galerie Vivienne Havre Jouffroy Brady Galerie Véro-Dodat Choiseul Panoramas Galerie Vivienne Havre Jouffroy Brady Latin Quarter Le Marais Montmartre Montparnasse Place Diana Place Dauphine Place de la Bastille Place de la Concorde Place de la Nation Place de la République Place des Émeutes-de-Stonewall Place des États-Unis Place des Pyramides Place des Victoires Place des Vosges Place du Carrousel Place du Châtelet Place du Tertre Place Saint-Michel Place Vendôme Pont Alexandre III Pont d'Iéna Pont de Bir-Hakeim Pont des Arts Pont Neuf Port du Louvre Rive Gauche Rue Basse Rue Bonaparte Rue Charlemagne Rue d'Argenteuil Rue de la Ferronnerie Rue de la Paix Rue de la Sourdière Rue de Montmorency Rue de Richelieu Rue de Rivoli Rue de Vaugirard Rue des Francs-Bourgeois Rue des Lombards Rue du Faubourg Saint-Honoré Rue Elzévir Rue Foyatier Rue Molière Rue Montorgueil Rue Radziwill Rue Rambuteau Rue Mondétour Rue Pastourelle Rue des Rosiers Rue Saint-Honoré Rue Saint-Denis Rue Sainte-Anne Saint-Germain-des-Prés Trocadéro Viaduc d'Austerlitz Bois de Boulogne Jardin d'Acclimatation Jardin d'Acclimatation Bois de Vincennes Parc floral Parc floral Jardin du Luxembourg Parc André-Citroën Parc Clichy-Batignolles Parc de Belleville Parc de Bercy Parc de la Butte-du-Chapeau-Rouge Parc des Buttes Chaumont Parc Georges-Brassens Parc Monceau Parc Montsouris Tuileries Garden Coulée verte René-Dumont Accor Arena Auteuil Hippodrome Halle Georges Carpentier Longchamp Hippodrome Parc des Princes Piscine Molitor Porte de La Chapelle Arena Stade Jean Bouin Stade Pershing Stade Pierre de Coubertin Stade Roland Garros Stade Sébastien Charléty Vélodrome de Vincennes Vincennes Hippodrome Montmartre Cemetery Montparnasse Cemetery Passy Cemetery Père Lachaise Cemetery Oscar Wilde's tomb Oscar Wilde's tomb Picpus Cemetery Basilica of Saint-Denis Château d'Écouen Château de Chantilly Château de Fontainebleau Château de Malmaison Château de Rambouillet Château de Saint-Germain-en-Laye Château de Sceaux Château and Gardens of Versailles (Grand Trianon and Petit Trianon, including the Fresh pavilion) Château de Vincennes La Défense Grande Arche Paris La Défense Arena Grande Arche Paris La Défense Arena Disneyland Paris Disneyland Park Walt Disney Studios Park Disneyland Park Walt Disney Studios Park Exploradôme Fort Mont-Valérien Mémorial de la France 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IDFM RATP SNCF Optile Keolis Transdev Navigo card Public transport fares in the Île-de-France Versement transport List of Paris Métro stations Architecture Ghost stations Architecture Ghost stations Lists of railway stations RER Transilien in Paris RER Transilien in Paris List of tram stops v t e Paris Argenteuil Boulogne-Billancourt Montreuil Saint-Denis Asnières-sur-Seine Aubervilliers Aulnay-sous-Bois Champigny-sur-Marne Colombes Courbevoie Créteil Nanterre Rueil-Malmaison Versailles Vitry-sur-Seine Antony Le Blanc-Mesnil Bobigny Bondy Cergy Chelles Clamart Clichy Corbeil-Essonnes Drancy Épinay-sur-Seine Évry-Courcouronnes Fontenay-sous-Bois Issy-les-Moulineaux Ivry-sur-Seine Levallois-Perret Maisons-Alfort Massy Meaux Neuilly-sur-Seine Noisy-le-Grand Pantin Saint-Maur-des-Fossés Saint-Ouen-sur-Seine Sarcelles Sartrouville Sevran Villejuif Alfortville Athis-Mons Bagneux Bagnolet Bezons Bois-Colombes Brétigny-sur-Orge Brunoy Bussy-Saint-Georges Cachan Champs-sur-Marne 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Villiers-le-Bel Villiers-sur-Marne Vincennes Viry-Châtillon Yerres 1,792 other communes v t e Three arrondissements 21 cantons 194 communes 10 legislative constituencies 10 intercommunalities Three arrondissements 23 cantons 36 communes 13 legislative constituencies 4 EPTs One departmental arrondissement 1 commune 20 municipal arrondissements 80 administrative quarters 18 legislative constituencies 1 intercommunality Five arrondissements 23 cantons 507 communes 11 legislative constituencies 21 intercommunalities Three arrondissements 21 cantons 40 communes 12 legislative constituencies 4 EPTs Three arrondissements 25 cantons 47 communes 11 legislative constituencies 3 EPTs Three arrondissements 21 cantons 184 communes 10 legislative constituencies 10 intercommunalities Four arrondissements 21 cantons 259 communes 12 legislative constituencies 10 intercommunalities v t e Bourg-en-Bresse (Ain) Laon (Aisne) Moulins (Allier) Digne-les-Bains (Alpes-de-Haute-Provence) Gap (Hautes-Alpes) Nice 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(Meurthe-et-Moselle) Bar-le-Duc (Meuse) Vannes (Morbihan) Metz (Moselle) Nevers (Nièvre) Lille (Nord) Beauvais (Oise) Alençon (Orne) Arras (Pas-de-Calais) Clermont-Ferrand (Puy-de-Dôme) Pau (Pyrénées-Atlantiques) Tarbes (Hautes-Pyrénées) Perpignan (Pyrénées-Orientales) Strasbourg (Bas-Rhin) Colmar (Haut-Rhin) Lyon (Rhône) Vesoul (Haute-Saône) Mâcon (Saône-et-Loire) Le Mans (Sarthe) Chambéry (Savoie) Annecy (Haute-Savoie) Paris (Paris) Rouen (Seine-Maritime) Melun (Seine-et-Marne) Versailles (Yvelines) Niort (Deux-Sèvres) Amiens (Somme) Albi (Tarn) Montauban (Tarn-et-Garonne) Toulon (Var) Avignon (Vaucluse) La Roche-sur-Yon (Vendée) Poitiers (Vienne) Limoges (Haute-Vienne) Épinal (Vosges) Auxerre (Yonne) Belfort (Territoire de Belfort) Évry-Courcouronnes (Essonne) Nanterre (Hauts-de-Seine) Bobigny (Seine-Saint-Denis) Créteil (Val-de-Marne) Cergy, Pontoise (Val-d'Oise) Basse-Terre (Guadeloupe) Fort-de-France (Martinique) Cayenne (French Guiana) Saint-Denis (Réunion) Mamoudzou (Mayotte) v t e Lyon (Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes) Dijon (Bourgogne-Franche-Comté) Rennes (Brittany) Orléans (Centre-Val de Loire) Ajaccio (Corsica) Strasbourg (Grand Est) Lille (Hauts-de-France) Paris (Île-de-France) Rouen (Normandy) Bordeaux (Nouvelle-Aquitaine) Toulouse (Occitania) Nantes (Pays de la Loire) Marseille (Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur) Cayenne (French Guiana) Basse-Terre (Guadeloupe) Fort-de-France (Martinique) Mamoudzou (Mayotte) Saint Denis (Réunion) v t e 01 Ain 02 Aisne 03 Allier 04 Alpes-de-Haute-Provence 05 Hautes-Alpes 06 Alpes-Maritimes 07 Ardèche 08 Ardennes 09 Ariège 10 Aube 11 Aude 12 Aveyron 13 Bouches-du-Rhône 14 Calvados 15 Cantal 16 Charente 17 Charente-Maritime 18 Cher 19 Corrèze 2A Corse-du-Sud 2B Haute-Corse 21 Côte-d'Or 22 Côtes-d'Armor 23 Creuse 24 Dordogne 25 Doubs 26 Drôme 27 Eure 28 Eure-et-Loir 29 Finistère 30 Gard 31 Haute-Garonne 32 Gers 33 Gironde 34 Hérault 35 Ille-et-Vilaine 36 Indre 37 Indre-et-Loire 38 Isère 39 Jura 40 Landes 41 Loir-et-Cher 42 Loire 43 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Intercommunality Métropole du Grand Paris Subdivisions arrondissements Anne Hidalgo [1] PS [2] [2] [2] [3] 9th 1st Urban [2] Metro [2] Demonym(s) en fr Time zone UTC+01:00 CET DST UTC+02:00 CEST INSEE 75056 paris.fr [paʁi] ⓘ capital largest city France [3] [4] fourth-most populous city European Union 30th most densely populated city in the world [5] finance diplomacy commerce culture fashion gastronomy arts sciences [6] Île-de-France [3] GDP PPP [7] [8] Economist Intelligence Unit [9] Charles de Gaulle Airport third-busiest airport in Europe Orly Airport [10] [11] sustainable transportation [12] Sustainable Transport Award [13] Louvre [14] Musée d'Orsay Musée Marmottan Monet Musée de l'Orangerie Impressionist Pompidou Centre Musée National d'Art Moderne Musée Rodin Musée Picasso modern contemporary art Seine UNESCO World Heritage Site [15] United Nations OECD OECD Development Centre International Bureau of Weights and Measures International Energy Agency International Federation for Human Rights European Space Agency European Banking Authority European Securities and Markets Authority Paris Saint-Germain rugby union Stade Français Stade de France 1998 FIFA World Cup Saint-Denis French Open Grand Slam Roland Garros 1900 1924 2024 Summer Olympics 1938 1998 2019 FIFA Women's World Cup 2007 2023 1954 1972 Rugby League World Cups 1960 1984 2016 Tour de France Avenue des Champs-Élysées Wiktionary oppidum Julius Caesar Lutetia Parisii [16] [17] Celtic [18] [19] [17] Parisii Gallic Iron Age Roman period [20] ethnonym Xavier Delamarre [20] Alfred Holder Welsh Proto-Celtic [21] Pierre-Yves Lambert Old Irish [17] Paris Greek mythology [paʁizjɛ̃] ⓘ [paʁiɡo] ⓘ [note 1] [22] History of Paris Timeline of Paris Lutetia Parisii [23] [24] Seine Île de la Cité [25] [26] Parisii Julius Caesar conquered Paris Basin Roman Republic Left Bank [27] Lutetia amphitheatre [28] Western Roman Empire Latin [29] Christianity Denis Montmartre Basilica of Saint-Denis [30] Clovis the Frank Merovingian dynasty [31] Franks Francien Île de la Cité sacking by Vikings in 845 Siege of Paris (885–886) Count of Paris Odo of France West Francia [32] Capetian Hugh Capet Duke of the Franks [30] Paris in the Middle Ages Paris in the 16th century Paris in the 17th century Palais de la Cité Sainte-Chapelle Très Riches Heures du duc de Berry [33] Palais de la Cité Louis VII Maurice de Sully Notre Dame Cathedral [34] Les Halles Île de la Cité Place de Grève (Place de l'Hôtel de Ville) [35] Philip Augustus Louvre [36] University of Paris [37] [33] [38] [39] Hôtel de Sens Hundred Years' War Burgundian forces Henry V of England [40] Joan of Arc [41] French Wars of Religion Catholic League St. Bartholomew's Day massacre [42] [43] Henry IV Pont Neuf Tuileries Palace Place des Vosges Les Halles [44] Cardinal Richelieu Louis XIII College of Sorbonne Palais-Cardinal Palais-Royal [45] Jan Janssonius Fronde Louis XIV Versailles Comédie-Française French Academy of Sciences city walls Grands Boulevards [46] Collège des Quatre-Nations Place Vendôme Place des Victoires Les Invalides [47] Paris in the 18th century Paris during the Second Empire Haussmann's renovation of Paris [48] Champs-Élysées Étoile [49] Faubourg Saint-Antoine [50] Bastille Jean-Pierre Houël Panthéon Rive Gauche Age of Enlightenment Diderot D'Alembert Encyclopédie Montgolfier Brothers hot air balloon [51] Garnerin French Revolution Invalides stormed the Bastille Paris Commune Mayor Jean Sylvain Bailly [52] Louis XVI brought to Paris guillotine Reign of Terror [53] nationalised [54] 9 November 1799 Napoleon Bonaparte [55] [56] Arc de Triomphe Canal de l'Ourcq Père Lachaise Cemetery Pont des Arts [56] Eiffel Tower Restoration July Revolution July Column Place de la Bastille Louis Philippe I provinces [56] popular uprising Napoleon III Georges-Eugène Haussmann Bois de Boulogne Bois de Vincennes [57] [57] Franco-Prussian War Prussian Army Paris Commune Bloody Week [58] 1889 Universal Exposition 1900 Universal Exposition Pont Alexandre III Grand Palais Petit Palais Paris Métro [59] Naturalism Émile Zola Symbolism Charles Baudelaire Paul Verlaine Impressionism Courbet Manet Monet Renoir [60] Paris in the Belle Époque Paris during the First World War Paris between the Wars (1919–1939) Paris in World War II History of Paris (1946–2000) [61] Pablo Picasso Modigliani Henri Matisse Fauvism Cubism abstract art [62] [63] Marcel Proust [64] First World War First Battle of the Marne Zeppelins long-range guns [65] Les Années Folles Ernest Hemingway Igor Stravinsky James Joyce Josephine Baker Eva Kotchever Henry Miller Anaïs Nin Sidney Bechet [66] Salvador Dalí [67] peace conference French colonies Ho Chi Minh Zhou Enlai Léopold Sédar Senghor [68] Charles de Gaulle open city [69] Vel d'Hiv Auschwitz [70] [71] French 2nd Armoured Division 4th Infantry Division United States Army Charles de Gaulle Hôtel de Ville [72] Algerian War FLN violent confrontations Organisation armée secrète [73] [74] Sorbonne Latin Quarter May 1968 events in France [75] Jacques Chirac [76] Tour Maine-Montparnasse [77] [78] RER Périphérique [79] Fifth Republic Georges Pompidou Centre Georges Pompidou Valéry Giscard d'Estaing Musée d'Orsay François Mitterrand Opéra Bastille Bibliothèque nationale de France Arche de la Défense La Défense Louvre Pyramid Jacques Chirac Musée du quai Branly [80] Bertrand Delanoë [81] Vélib' Promenade des Berges de la Seine [82] Place de la République Republican marches Charlie Hebdo shooting Nicolas Sarkozy Grand Paris Metropolis of Grand Paris [83] Grand Paris Express high-speed rail (TGV) [84] [85] Al-Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula attacks [86] [87] 1.5 million people marched in Paris [88] terrorist attacks [89] [90] Paris Agreement United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change effects of climate change [91] Geography of Paris Sentinel-2 Seine Île Saint-Louis Île de la Cité English Channel [92] above sea level Montmartre [93] Bois de Boulogne Bois de Vincennes Boulevard Périphérique [94] [95] [92] 'point zero' Notre-Dame cathedral Calais Brussels Marseille Nantes Rouen [96] Climate of Paris oceanic climate Köppen climate classification [97] failed verification [98] heat wave of 2003 [99] [100] [101] [102] [103] [104] Parc Montsouris precipitation relative humidity sunshine hours possible sunshine ultraviolet index Meteo France [105] [106] [107] Administration of Paris Arrondissements of Paris Mayor of Paris arrondissements of Paris [108] Jacques Chirac Anne Hidalgo socialist in April 2014 [109] in June 2020 [110] Hôtel de Ville elected indirectly Conseil de Paris closed list proportional representation two-round system [111] majority plurality highest averages method [111] [112] 2020 Paris municipal election conseil d'arrondissement [113] [108] Paris Centre [114] Métropole du Grand Paris Grand Paris [115] Hauts-de-Seine Seine-Saint-Denis Val-de-Marne Argenteuil Val d'Oise Paray-Vieille-Poste Essonne [116] [117] [115] [117] Patrick Ollier [118] Region Île de France Regional Council Valérie Pécresse [119] Élysée Palace President of France national government President of the French Republic Élysée Palace [120] Prime Minister Hôtel Matignon [121] [122] [123] French Parliament Senate Palais du Luxembourg National Assembly Palais Bourbon President of the Senate Petit Luxembourg [124] Conseil d'État Court of Cassation Palais de Justice [125] Conseil d'État Palais-Royal 1st arrondissement [126] Constitutional Council [127] UNESCO Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development International Chamber of Commerce Paris Club European Space Agency International Energy Agency Organisation internationale de la Francophonie European Union Institute for Security Studies International Bureau of Weights and Measures International Exhibition Bureau International Federation for Human Rights Gendarmerie Prefecture of Police of Paris Ministry of the Interior National Police Paris Fire Brigade Place Louis Lépine Île de la Cité [128] [128] Compagnies Républicaines de Sécurité National Gendarmerie French Armed Forces [129] [130] Seine Architecture of Paris Haussmann's renovation of Paris Religious buildings in Paris List of tallest buildings and structures in the Paris region Rue de Rivoli Place des Vosges [131] Seine Île Saint-Louis Île de la Cité Île aux Cygnes Napoleon III Baron Haussmann 1853 and 1870 they rebuilt the city centre Paris stone [132] [133] [134] [134] Tour Montparnasse [135] La Défense Tour First Courbevoie Front de Seine Seine Avenue Montaigne [136] [137] [138] [138] [139] [140] SkySat Tour Montparnasse Seine Île-de-France [141] Grand Paris [115] Paul Delouvrier [142] [143] RER [144] [145] [146] [147] [147] Goutte d'Or Belleville Seine-Saint-Denis department Val-d'Oise department Seine Évry Corbeil-Essonnes Essonne Mureaux Mantes-la-Jolie Yvelines [148] urban sociology Saint-Maur-des-Fossés Enghien-les-Bains [149] Demographics of Paris Île-de-France [150] [151] Metropolitan France Algeria Morocco Portugal Tunisia Guadeloupe Martinique China Turkey Mali Côte d'Ivoire Senegal Italy Romania Democratic Republic of Congo Spain Sri Lanka Cameroon Republic of the Congo Haiti Poland Vietnam Cambodia Réunion India Serbia Lebanon Madagascar Germany Pakistan Russia Mauritius Guinea Brazil United Kingdom United States INSEE Anne Hidalgo [152] [153] [154] [155] Berlin Madrid Rome Eurostat [156] [157] de-industrialisation gentrification [158] [159] unité urbaine urban area largest urban area in the European Union [160] [161] aire d'attraction de Paris metropolitan area [162] [163] [164] largest metropolitan area Eurozone [161] Eurostat Hauts-de-Seine Seine-Saint-Denis Val-de-Marne [165] verification needed Europe Maghreb sub-Saharan Africa Egypt Turkey Asia Americas South Pacific [166] [167] Île-de-France [168] [169] [170] Religious buildings in Paris Sacré-Cœur Montmartre Catholic [171] [172] Institut français d'opinion publique Roman Catholic Algeria Morocco Tunisia [173] [174] [175] [176] Israel [177] Economy of Paris La Défense [178] headquarters BNP Paribas Boulevard des Italiens [179] Axa Crédit Agricole Montrouge [180] [181] Paris Region [182] [183] [184] [185] La Défense Neuilly-sur-Seine Levallois-Perret Boulogne-Billancourt Issy-les-Moulineaux [185] Fortune Global 500 Hauts-de-Seine La Défense Boulogne-Billancourt Société Générale GDP € [186] [187] [188] [189] [3] [190] [191] finance [192] Hauts-de-Seine Opéra Garnier Val de Seine [192] services [192] Economist Intelligence Unit [193] Singapore Hong Kong [194] Station F business incubator [195] [196] [196] [196] [196] [196] La Défense [192] [192] [192] [192] Yvelines [192] Aulnay-sous-Bois [192] Essonne [192] Val-de-Marne Rungis food market [192] [192] [197] poverty line [198] [199] [200] Tourism in Paris Landmarks in Paris Historical quarters of Paris List of tourist attractions in Paris Louvre most-visited art museum in the world Euromonitor [201] [202] Greater Paris [203] [203] Euromonitor [204] [205] Louvre Museum Eiffel Tower Musée d'Orsay Centre Pompidou [202] [203] Airbnb [203] [206] [207] full citation needed Paris syndrome [208] Art in Paris Auguste Renoir Bal du moulin de la Galette Musée d'Orsay [209] French Baroque and Classicism Girardon Coysevox Coustou Pierre Mignard Louis XIV Académie royale de peinture et de sculpture [210] Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec Édouard Manet Claude Monet Berthe Morisot Paul Gauguin Pierre-Auguste Renoir Romanticism Géricault [210] Impressionism Art Nouveau Symbolism Fauvism Cubism Art Deco [210] [211] Pablo Picasso Henri Matisse Vincent van Gogh Paul Cézanne Jean Metzinger Albert Gleizes Henri Rousseau Marc Chagall Amedeo Modigliani Frédéric Auguste Bartholdi Statue of Liberty Auguste Rodin Camille Claudel Antoine Bourdelle Paul Landowski Christ the Redeemer Rio de Janeiro Aristide Maillol Golden Age School of Paris List of museums in Paris Musée d'Orsay Louvre [212] most-visited museums Mona Lisa Venus de Milo Liberty Leading the People Centre Georges Pompidou Musée National d'Art Moderne National Museum of Natural History Musée d'Orsay French Impressionists Cité des sciences et de l'industrie Musée des Arts et Métiers Fondation Louis Vuitton Musée du Quai Branly – Jacques Chirac Musée Carnavalet Petit Palais [213] Musée du quai Branly Musée de l'Orangerie Claude Monet Water Lilies Musée national du Moyen Âge Medieval art Guimet Museum Musée Picasso Musée Rodin Musée national Eugène Delacroix Musée de l'Armée Les Invalides Ministry of Culture Carnavalet Museum Musée d'Art Moderne de la Ville de Paris Palais de Tokyo House of Victor Hugo House of Balzac Catacombs of Paris [214] Louis Vuitton Foundation Frank Gehry Bois de Boulogne Paris Opéra Opéra Bastille [215] Théâtre-Italien Théâtre Lyrique Théâtre de la Ville [216] Philharmonie de Paris Théâtre des Champs-Élysées Ballets Russes Comédie Française Comédie-Française Palais-Royal [217] Odéon-Théâtre de l'Europe Théâtre de la Gaîté-Montparnasse [218] cabaret Moulin Rouge Cancan Mistinguett Édith Piaf Toulouse-Lautrec Olympia Paris Folies Bergère Josephine Baker Dalida Edith Piaf Marlene Dietrich Miles Davis Judy Garland Grateful Dead Casino de Paris Mistinguett Maurice Chevalier Tino Rossi Le Lido Crazy Horse Saloon [219] Writers in Paris Victor Hugo Gasparinus de Bergamo Johann Heynlin Boileau Corneille La Fontaine Molière Racine Charles Perrault [220] Académie française [221] Voltaire Jean-Jacques Rousseau Pierre de Marivaux Pierre Beaumarchais Charles Baudelaire Stéphane Mallarmé Mérimée Alfred de Musset Marcel Proust Émile Zola Alexandre Dumas Gustave Flaubert Guy de Maupassant Honoré de Balzac The Hunchback of Notre-Dame Notre-Dame de Paris [222] Les Misérables [223] Jules Verne [224] Colette André Gide François Mauriac André Malraux Albert Camus Simone de Beauvoir Jean-Paul Sartre Ernest Hemingway Samuel Beckett Miguel Ángel Asturias Alejo Carpentier Arturo Uslar Pietri Nobel Prize in Literature Patrick Modiano [225] [226] [227] Music in Paris History of music in Paris Olympia polyphony Trouvères Troubadours François I Renaissance era lute [210] Baroque-era Jean-Baptiste Lully Jean-Philippe Rameau François Couperin [210] Conservatoire de Musique de Paris [228] Romantic-era Hector Berlioz Charles Gounod Camille Saint-Saëns Léo Delibes Jules Massenet [210] Georges Bizet Carmen canon [229] [230] Impressionist Claude Debussy Erik Satie Maurice Ravel Frédéric Chopin Franz Liszt Jacques Offenbach Niccolò Paganini Igor Stravinsky Bal-musette [231] bourrée cabrette bellows bagpipe vielle à roue hurdy-gurdy accordion [232] jazz [233] gypsy jazz [232] Django Reinhardt Stéphane Grappelli Quintette du Hot Club de France [234] Moulin Rouge Édith Piaf Saint-Germain-des-Pres Le Tabou Claude Luter Boris Vian Sydney Bechet Mezz Mezzrow Henri Salvador [235] manouche [234] [233] [234] Paris Jazz Festival Rock en Seine [236] Orchestre de Paris [237] Edith Piaf chanteuse [238] hip hop [239] List of films set in Paris Lumière brothers L'Arroseur Arrosé Auguste and Louis Lumière [240] Grand Rex [241] [242] French cinema Claude Lelouch Jean-Luc Godard Luc Besson Claude Zidi [243] French cuisine Place du Châtelet haute cuisine Palais-Royal Antoine Beauvilliers Le Grand Véfour [244] Rocher de Cancale Café Anglais Maison Dorée Boulevard des Italiens Belle Époque Maxim's Ledoyen Champs-Élysées Tour d'Argent [245] [246] Michelin Guide L'Ambroisie L'Astrance Pierre Gagnaire Alain Ducasse Yannick Alléno Alain Passard [247] [248] Les Deux Magots café Café Procope Café de la Rotonde Le Dôme Café Café de Flore Les Deux Magots [245] bistro [249] brasserie Paris Exposition of 1867 [250] Fashion in Paris Magdalena Frackowiak Paris Fashion Week fashion capital haute couture [251] Dior Chanel Karl Lagerfeld Jean-Paul Gaultier Yves Saint Laurent Givenchy Christian Lacroix Paris Fashion Week Carrousel du Louvre [252] [253] cosmetics L'Oréal Louis Vuitton Hermés Cartier [254] Avenue Montaigne Champs-Élysées Nicéphore Niépce Louis Daguerre Daguerrotype [210] Étienne-Jules Marey Man Ray Maurice Tabard [255] [256] Eugène Atget Robert Doisneau Marcel Bovis Jacques-Henri Lartigue Henri Cartier-Bresson [210] Poster art Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec Jules Chéret Eugène Grasset Adolphe Willette Pierre Bonnard Georges de Feure Henri-Gabriel Ibels Paul Gavarni Alphonse Mucha [210] Le Figaro newspaper of record [257] Le Monde Le Figaro Libération Le Nouvel Observateur Le Canard enchaîné La Croix Le Parisien Saint-Ouen Les Échos Neuilly-sur-Seine Reuters l'Équipe Boulogne-Billancourt [258] [259] Agence France-Presse [260] France 24 [261] Ministry of Foreign and European Affairs [262] TF1 Boulogne-Billancourt France 2 France 3 Canal+ France 5 M6 Neuilly-sur-Seine Arte D8 W9 NT1 NRJ 12 La Chaîne parlementaire France 4 BFM TV Gulli [263] Radio France 16th arrondissement Radio France Internationale [264] La Poste [265] Bastille Day Champs-Élysées Arc de Triomphe Place de la Concorde flypast Patrouille de France [266] Paris-Plages [266] Journées du Patrimoine Fête de la Musique Nuit Blanche Carnaval de Paris Libraries in Paris Bibliothèque nationale de France Arsenal Library [267] Sainte-Geneviève Library Bibliothèque Forney Bibliothèque historique de la ville de Paris Sainte-Geneviève Library Henri Labrouste [268] Bibliothèque Mazarine Médiathèque Musicale Mahler Dominique Perrault [268] Sorbonne Library Sorbonne Institut d'Art et d'Archéologie [269] [270] Football in Paris Parc des Princes association football Paris Saint-Germain F.C. rugby union Stade Français Racing 92 Nanterre Stade de France 1998 FIFA World Cup Saint-Denis [271] France national football team French national rugby team Six Nations Championship [271] Paris FC Red Star FC US Créteil RCF Paris Stade Français Football Rugby league Australia national team British League Rugby League World Cup 1954 Parc des Princes final France Great Britain Parc des Princes 1972 Rugby League World Cup Paris Saint-Germain a rugby league club Super League [272] Catalans Dragons British rugby league system Wigan Warriors [273] 1900 1924 2024 Summer Olympics 1992 2008 2012 Olympic Games Barcelona Beijing London 1938 FIFA World Cup Stade Olympique de Colombes 1998 FIFA World Cup 2007 Rugby World Cup 2023 Rugby World Cup 1960 1984 Parc des Princes 2016 [274] UEFA Champions League Finals 2000 2006 2022 [275] Champs Élysées bicycle racing Tour de France finished on the Champs-Elysées [276] Tennis French Open [277] Grand Slam Bercy Arena Paris Masters 2017 IIHF World Ice Hockey Championship Cologne EuroBasket 1951 EuroBasket 1999 Basketball Levallois SCB Paris Basket Racing Metropolitans 92 Stade Pierre de Coubertin [278] Nanterre 92 Paris Basketball 2023–24 EuroCup handball Paris Saint-Germain LNH Division 1 American football Paris Musketeers [279] European League of Football Transport in Paris Gare du Nord Île-de-France Mobilités [280] RATP bus Métro SNCF Optile [281] sustainable [12] [282] Sustainable Transport Award [13] [283] [284] [285] [286] 15-minute city Carlos Moreno (urbanist) Anne Hidalgo [287] [288] [289] walkable walkability [290] [291] List of Paris railway stations Paris Métro Réseau Express Régional Transilien Tramways in Île-de-France Paris Métro Gare du Nord Gare de l'Est Gare de Lyon Gare d'Austerlitz Gare Montparnasse Gare Saint-Lazare Gare de Bercy high-speed rail TGV Eurostar Intercity Express Frecciarossa Intercités Intercités de nuit Nightjet TER Transilien commuter rail Paris region [292] regional express network RER A Paris region a light rail network, the tramway Charles de Gaulle Airport [293] 5th busiest airport system in the world Charles de Gaulle Airport Orly Airport Beauvais–Tillé Airport [294] general aviation Paris–Le Bourget Airport [295] 4th busiest airport in the world by international traffic flag carrier Air France [296] low-cost carriers Boulevard Périphérique motorway Périphérique [94] A86 Francilienne Ports of Paris Loire Rhine Rhône Meuse Scheldt Canal Saint-Martin Canal Saint-Denis [297] Vélib' Place de la Bastille cycle paths and routes [298] bike sharing Vélib' [299] Île-de-France [300] district heating Saint-Ouen-sur-Seine wood pellets [301] Île de la Cité Bateau Mouche Bièvre Canal de l'Ourcq [302] Eugène Belgrand Napoleon III [303] [304] Air pollution particulate matter [305] [306] List of parks and gardens in Paris History of Parks and Gardens of Paris Parc des Buttes-Chaumont [307] Tuileries Garden Tuileries Palace André Le Nôtre [308] Luxembourg Garden Luxembourg Palace Marie de' Medici Senate [309] Jardin des plantes [310] Napoleon III Jean-Charles Adolphe Alphand Bois de Boulogne Bois de Vincennes Parc Montsouris Parc des Buttes-Chaumont [311] Parc de la Villette Parc André Citroën Parc de Bercy Parc Clichy-Batignolles [312] Promenade des Berges de la Seine Paris Catacombs left bank Holy Innocents' Cemetery Paris's stone mines place Denfert-Rochereau [313] [314] Napoleon [315] Père Lachaise Montmartre Montparnasse Passy Cimetière parisien de Saint-Ouen Cimetière parisien de Pantin Pantin Bobigny Ivry Bagneux [316] Oscar Wilde Frédéric Chopin Jim Morrison Édith Piaf Serge Gainsbourg [317] Education in Paris Sorbonne University licence [318] [319] University of Paris Sorbonne thirteen autonomous universities student demonstrations in 1968 Latin Quarter [320] grandes écoles grands établissements École Normale Supérieure PSL University 5th arrondissement [321] Conservatoire national des arts et métiers Polytechnic Institute of Paris Paris Cité University Paris-Saclay University Sorbonne University Sciences Po [322] HEC Paris ESSEC Business School ESCP Business School INSEAD [323] Paris Sciences et Lettres University [324] Hôtel-Dieu de Paris Assistance publique – Hôpitaux de Paris [325] [325] Hôtel-Dieu [326] Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital Hôpital Cochin Bichat–Claude Bernard Hospital Hôpital Européen Georges-Pompidou Bicêtre Hospital Beaujon Hospital Curie Institute Lariboisière Hospital Necker–Enfants Malades Hospital Hôpital Saint-Louis Hôpital de la Charité American Hospital of Paris United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development [327] European Space Agency International Energy Agency European Securities and Markets Authority European Banking Authority List of twin towns and sister cities in France twinned [328] [329] Rome [330] [331] [332] [333] [328] Algiers Amman Amsterdam Athens Beijing Beirut Berlin Brazzaville Buenos Aires Cairo Casablanca Chicago Copenhagen Dakar Doha Geneva Istanbul Jakarta Jericho Kinshasa Kyoto Lisbon London Madrid Mexico City Montevideo Montreal Moscow Phnom Penh Porto Alegre Prague Quebec City Rabat Ramallah Rio de Janeiro Riyadh Saint Petersburg Sanaa San Francisco Santiago São Paulo Seoul Sofia Sydney Tbilisi Tel Aviv Tokyo Tunis Warsaw Washington, D.C. Yerevan France portal Cities portal Art Nouveau in Paris Art Deco in Paris C40 Cities Climate Leadership Group International Exposition of Modern Industrial and Decorative Arts Megacity Outline of France Outline of Paris Paris syndrome Parish and Civil Registers in Paris ^ ^ \"Répertoire national des élus: les maires\" Archived a b c d e \"Département: Paris (75); Unité urbaine: Paris (00851); Région: Île-de-France (11); Aire d'attraction des villes: Paris (001)\" INSEE a b c d \"Estimation de la population au 1ᵉʳ Janvier 2025 - Séries par région, département, sexe et âge\" INSEE ^ \"Populations légales 2019: Commune de Paris (75056)\" Archived ^ \"The World's Most Densely Populated Cities\" Archived ^ \"Paris\" Archived ^ \"Conversion rates – Purchasing power parities (PPP) – OECD Data\" Archived ^ \"Gross domestic product (GDP) at current market prices by metropolitan regions\" Archived ^ \"The world's most, and least, expensive cities\" ISSN 0013-0613 Archived ^ \"List: The world's 20 busiest airports (2017)\" Archived ^ \"ACI reveals the world's busiest passenger and cargo airports\" Archived a b \"Paris leads the way for sustainable urban mobility\" Archived a b \"Paris, France Honored with the 2023 Sustainable Transport Award\" Archived ^ ^ \"Paris, Banks of the Seine\" Archived ^ Nègre 1990 a b c Falileyev 2010 ^ Lambert 1994 ^ Delamarre 2003 a b Delamarre 2003 ^ Busse 2006 ^ Dottin 1920 ^ Arbois de Jubainville & Dottin 1889 ^ Cunliffe 2004 ^ Lawrence & Gondrand 2010 ^ Schmidt 2009 ^ Schmidt 2009 ^ Schmidt 2009 ^ Meunier 2014 a b Schmidt 2009 ^ ^ Jones 1994 a b Lawrence & Gondrand 2010 ^ Bussmann 1985 ^ de Vitriaco & Hinnebusch 1972 ^ Sarmant 2012 ^ Sarmant 2012 ^ \"Paris history facts\" Archived ^ ^ ^ Fierro 1996 ^ \"Massacre of Saint Bartholomew's Day\" Archived ^ Bayrou 1994 ^ Fierro 1996 ^ Fierro 1996 ^ Combeau 2003 ^ Fierro 1996 ^ The Story of Civilization XI The Age of Napoleon ISBN 978-0-671-21988-8 Archived ^ Combeau 2003 ^ Sarmant 2012 ^ Sarmant 2012 ^ Paine 1998 ^ Fierro 1996 ^ Sarmant 2012 ^ Sarmant 2012 a b c Sarmant 2012 a b De Moncan 2012 ^ Rougerie 2014 ^ Fraser & Spalding 2011 ^ Fierro 1996 ^ Combeau 2003 ^ Fierro 1996 ^ Bohemian Paris: Picasso, Modigliani, Matisse, and the Birth of Modern Art ISBN 978-0-8021-9740-5 the original ^ Fierro 1996 ^ Fierro 1996 ^ ISBN 978-0-520-22537-4 ^ \"The Surreal World of Salvador Dalí\" Archived ^ Anti-Imperial Metropolis Archived Wayback Machine ^ Sarmant 2012 ^ Fierro 1996 ^ Sarmant 2012 ^ Fierro 1996 ^ \"France remembers Algerian massacre 50 years on\" Archived ^ Fierro 1996 ^ Sarmant 2012 ^ Fierro 1996 ^ Sarmant 2012 ^ Combeau 2003 ^ Bell & de-Shalit 2011 ^ Sarmant 2012 ^ \"City Mayors: Bertrand Delanoe – Mayor of Paris\" Archived ^ \"Les berges de Seine rendues aux Parisiens\" the original ^ \"Sarko's €35bn rail plan for a 'Greater Paris'\" The Independent Archived ^ \"€26.5bn Grand Paris metro expansion programme confirmed\" Archived ^ \"Le Metro du Grand Paris\" Archived ^ \"2015 Charlie Hebdo Attacks Fast Facts\" Archived ^ \"Attentats terroristes : les questions que vous nous avez le plus posées\" Archived ^ \"Les politiques s'affichent à la marche républicaine\" Archived ^ \"Islamic State claims Paris attacks that killed 127\" Archived ^ \"Paris attacks death toll rises to 130\" RTÉ.ie Archived ^ \"'Today is an historic day,' says Ban, as 175 countries sign Paris climate accord\" Archived a b \"Paris\" Archived ^ Blackmore & McConnachie 2004 a b Lawrence & Gondrand 2010 ^ \"Key figures for Paris\" the original ^ Google Maps Archived Wayback Machine ^ \"Climate\" the original ^ Lawrence & Gondrand 2010 ^ Goldstein 2005 ^ \"Climate in Paris\" the original ^ \"Visiting Paris in the Winter: A Complete Guide\" Archived ^ \"Weather in France – Climate and Temperatures of French Cities\" Archived ^ \"42.6 °C à Paris : record absolu de chaleur battu !\" Archived ^ \"Géographie de la capitale – Le climat\" the original ^ \"Paris–Montsouris (984)\" the original ^ 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Logement et le Logement dans les Villes Nouvelles\" the original ^ \"Atlas des Zones urbaines sensibles (Zus)\" the original ^ \"Une forte hétérogénéité des revenus en Île-de-France\" Archived ^ INSEE \"Individus localisés à la région en 2019 - Recensement de la population - Fichiers détail\" ^ INSEE \"IMG1B - Population immigrée par sexe, âge et pays de naissance en 2019 - Région d'Île-de-France (11)\" ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ \"Statistics on European cities\" Archived ^ Commune data sheet Paris EHESS ^ ^ Institut National de la Statistique et des Études Économiques \"Population en historique depuis 1968: Commune de Paris (75056)\" Archived ^ INSEE \"Évolution et structure de la population en 2017: Unité urbaine 2020 de Paris (00851)\" Archived a b \"Urban Europe — Statistics on cities, towns and suburbs\" Archived ^ \"Functional areas – Definition\" INSEE Archived ^ INSEE \"Évolution et structure de la population en 2017: Aire d'attraction des villes 2020 de Paris (001)\" Archived ^ INSEE \"Évolution et structure de la population en 2017: France entière\" Archived ^ \"Population statistics at regional level\" the original ^ \"Les immigrés par sexe, âge et pays de naissance – Département de Paris (75)\" Insee the original ^ \"Les immigrés par sexe, âge et pays de naissance – Région d'Île-de-France (11)\" Insee the original ^ \"Population par sexe, âge et nationalité – Région d'Île-de-France (11)\" Insee the original ^ \"Population par sexe, âge et nationalité – Département de Paris (75)\" Insee the original ^ \"Localisation des immigrés et des descendants d'immigrés\" Insee Archived ^ ISBN 978-1-349-13618-6 ^ After Integration: Islam, Conviviality and Contentious Politics in Europe ISBN 978-3-658-02594-6 Archived ^ \"que pese l'Islam en France\" Archived ^ \"How does France count its muslim population?\" Archived ^ \"Interview with Dalil Boubakeur\" Archived ^ \"Le manque de mosquée en Ile-de-France\" Archived ^ \"World Jewish Population 2014\" Archived ^ \"La Défense, Europe's largest business district\" the original ^ \"Largest banks worldwide as of December 2021, by assets\" Archived ^ \"De Las Cases à Jean Jaurès : Crédit Agricole S.A. à travers ses sièges\" Archived ^ \"Department of Paris; Complete Dossier\" Archived ^ \"Île-de-France Region – Complete dossier\" Archived ^ \"EMP2 – Emplois au lieu de travail par sexe, statut et secteur d'activité économique – Région d'Île-de-France (11)\" Archived ^ \"La nomenclature agrégée – NA, 2008\" Archived a b \"En Île-de-France, 39 poles d'emploi structurent l'economie régionale\" Archived ^ \"Gross domestic product (GDP) at current market prices by NUTS 3 regions\" Archived ^ \"Regional gross domestic product (PPS per inhabitant) by NUTS 2 regions\" Archived ^ \"L'Île-de-France, une des régions les plus riches d'Europe\" Archived ^ \"The Most Dynamic Cities of 2025\" Archived ^ \"GDP in value (current prices) – Metropolitan France\" Archived ^ \"GDP in value (current prices) – Île-de-France\" Archived a b c d e f g h i j k l \"L'Industrie en Île-de-France, Principaux Indicateurs Régionaux\" Archived ^ ^ \"Classement.Singapour, Hong Kong, Paris : le trio des villes les plus chères du monde\" Courrier International Archived ^ \"Station F, the world's largest startup campus opens in Paris\" Archived a b c d e \"Île-de-France – A la Page Nº288 – INSEE 2007\" Archived ^ \"Structure et distribution des revenus, inégalité des niveaux de vie en 2013\" Archived ^ \"Neighborhoods of Paris with more than 40 percent living below poverty line\" the original ^ ^ ^ \"Euromonitor International reveals world's Top 100 City Destinations for 2024\" a b \"Bilan de l'année touristique 2022 à Paris Île-de-France (mars 2023)\" Archived a b c d \"Tourism in Paris – Key Figures 2020\" the original ^ \"The World's Most-Visited City Is Bangkok\" Forbes Archived ^ \"Tourism in Paris – Key Figures 2016\" Archived ^ \"hoteliers-welcome-paris-decision-forcing-airbnb-hosts-to-register-rentals-idUSL8N1JW2DD\" ^ ^ \"'Paris Syndrome' strikes Japanese\" BBC News Archived ^ Montclos 2003 a b c d e f g h i Michelin 2011 ^ Perry 1995 ^ ^ ^ \"Municipal museums\" Archived ^ Lawrence & Gondrand 2010 ^ Schumacher 1996 ^ Fierro 1996 ^ Who's Where Archived ^ Fierro 1996 ^ \"scan of the book at the Bibliothèque nationale de France\" Archived ^ Fierro 1996 ^ \"Notre Dame Renovations\" Archived ^ \"Les Miserables\" Archived ^ \"Jules Verne\" ^ \"Official site of the Nobel Prize\" Archived ^ Fierro 1996 ^ ^ Damschroeder & Williams 1990 ^ Georges Bizet: Carmen Archived Wayback Machine ^ The Essential Canon of Classical Music ISBN 978-1-4668-0726-6 Archived ^ Dregni 2004 a b Dregni 2008 a b Mroue 2006 a b c \"Best Gypsy jazz bars in Paris\" Archived ^ Bezbakh 2004 ^ \"Rock en Seine '13\" Archived ^ \"Orchestre de Paris\" the original ^ Édith Piaf biography AllMusic ^ \"Hip-Hop à la Française\" The New York Times Archived ^ \"PRÉSENTATION DU CINÉMATOGRAPHE LUMIÈRE\" Archived ^ \"The Grand Rex ... and its Etoiles\" Archived ^ \"Le Cinéma à Paris\" Archived ^ \"2 Tamil Films in 1st SAFF in Paris\" The Times of India Archived ^ Fierro 1996 a b Fierro 1996 ^ Dominé 2014 ^ ^ \"Michelin Guide\" Michelin Guide Archived ^ Fierro 1996 ^ Fierro 1996 ^ \"11 Ways to Look like a Local in Paris\" Archived ^ Fashion Journalism Routledge ISBN 978-1-136-47536-8 Archived ^ The Fundamentals of Fashion Management ISBN 978-2-940411-58-0 Archived ^ \"Global ranking of manufacturers of luxury goods\" Archived ^ Department of Photographs, Photography and Surrealism, Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History Archived Wayback Machine ^ Hazan 2011 ^ \"Le Figaro\" Archived ^ \"French and Francophone Publications\" Archived ^ \"Paris's Top Newspapers\" Archived ^ \"Agence France-Presse\" Archived ^ \"France 24\" Archived ^ \"France Diplomatie\" Archived ^ \"French and Francophone TV Stations\" Archived ^ \"France's Radio Stations\" the original ^ \"La Poste\" the original a b BlackmoreMcConnachie 2004 ^ \"How to find us\" Bibliothèque nationale de France the original a b \"At These Parisian Landmarks, Shhh Is the Word\" Archived ^ \"Paris-Sorbonne libraries\" Archived ^ \"French Libraries and Archives\" Archived a b Lawrence & Gondrand 2010 ^ \"Locations of League: Paris\" ^ \"Wigan Warriors and Catalans Dragons progress Paris plans for 2026\" ^ \"EURO 2016: All you need to know\" UEFA ^ \"Arsenal aim to upset the odds\" Archived ^ \"2013 route\" the original ^ \"Roland-Garros\" Archived ^ \"Stade Pierre de Coubertin (Paris)\" the original ^ \"Paris Football Team | The Paris Football Team is an American football franchise of the European League of Football, based in Paris, France\" Archived ^ \"Le web des voyageurs franciliens\" the original ^ \"Optile en bref\" Archived ^ \"On foot or by bike? While Paris walks, Amsterdam pedals\" Archived ^ \"Bikes overtake cars as means of transport in Paris\" The Local the original ^ \"Cycling is now more popular than driving in the centre of Paris, study finds\" the original ^ \"5 reasons the world looks to Europe's cities\" Archived ^ \"How Bike Lanes Are Transforming Paris\" Archived ^ \"Paris' Vision for a '15-Minute City' Sparks a Global Movement\" ^ \"Why walking and public transport must be integrated\" ^ \"Mobility changes in Greater Paris -Grand Paris- Historical trends, current and emerging developments\" ^ \"The time of the whole car city is over': How is Paris encouraging walking and cycling?\" ^ \"How Paris became a 15-minute city\" ^ \"Métro2030, notre nouveau métro de Paris\" the original ^ \"2023 Airport Traffic Report\" ^ \"Bulletin statistique, trafic aérien commercial – année 2014\" Archived ^ \"Trafic aéroportuaire 1986–2013\" Archived ^ Lawrence & Gondrand 2010 ^ Jefferson 2009 ^ Hart 2004 ^ Rand 2010 ^ \"La production électrique en IdF\" Archived ^ \"Paris to be heated with US wood pellets\" Archived ^ \"Historique des égouts\" the original ^ Burchell 1971 ^ \"Les égouts parisiens\" the original ^ Air pollution in Paris Archived Wayback Machine ^ \"Air pollution in Europe: These are the worst-hit cities to live in\" Archived ^ Jarrassé 2007 ^ Lawrence & Gondrand 2010 ^ Lawrence & Gondrand 2010 ^ \"Le Jardin de Plantes\" Archived ^ Jarrassé 2007 ^ Jarrassé 2007 ^ Whaley 2012 ^ Broadwell 2007 ^ Ayers 2004 ^ \"Les 20 cimetières Parisiens\" Archived ^ \"Les célébrités du cimetière du Père Lachaise à Paris\" Archived ^ \"Indicateurs départementaux et régionaux sur les diplômes et la formation en 2009\" Archived ^ \"L'enseignement\" the original ^ Combeau 2013 ^ \"Contact and Maps\" École Normale Supérieure the original ^ \"Classement QS 2024 : Sciences Po devient la 2ème meilleure université mondiale en \"Politics\"\" ^ Financial Times \"European Business School Rankings 2023\" ^ ARWU \"2023 Academic Ranking of World Universities\" a b \"Rapport Annuel 2008\" the original ^ \"Hotel Dieu\" Archived ^ |Where we are |publisher oecd.org |accessed on 30 August 2016 a b \"Les pactes d'amitié et de coopération\" Archived ^ \"Twinning Rome – Paris\" Archived \"Roma – Relazioni Internazionali Bilaterali\" Archived ^ \"Dichiarazione congiunta Roma – Parigi – (2014)\" Archived ^ \"Twinning with Rome\" the original ^ \"Les pactes d'amitié et de coopération\" the original ^ \"International relations: special partners\" the original Larousse Paris ISBN 978-2-03-585012-6 Archived Les premiers habitants de l'Europe Archived The Architecture of Paris ISBN 978-3-930698-96-7 Archived Bayrou, François Henri IV: le roi libre ISBN 978-2-7028-3282-0 Archived Paris After the Liberation: 1944–1949: 1944–1949 ISBN 978-0-14-191288-2 Archived The Spirit of Cities: Why the Identity of a City Matters in a Global Age ISBN 978-1-4008-3972-8 Archived National Policy Responses to Urban Challenges in Europe ISBN 978-1-4094-8725-8 Archived The emerging city: Paris in the age of Louis XIV ISBN 978-0-8223-0214-8 Archived ISBN 978-2-03-505369-5 Rough Guide to Paris ISBN 978-1-84353-078-7 Archived Rough Guide Paris Directions ISBN 978-1-84353-317-7 Archived ISBN 978-2-7071-3904-7 Strength in Numbers: Population, Reproduction, and Power in Eighteenth-Century France ISBN 978-0-8018-6810-8 Archived Frommer's Paris 2013 ISBN 978-1-118-33143-9 Archived Five Hundred Buildings of Paris ISBN 978-1-60376-267-0 Archived Land Use and Soil Resources ISBN 978-1-4020-6778-5 Archived City of Light, City of Dark: Exploring Paris Below ISBN 978-1-4257-9022-6 Archived Imperial Masquerade: The Paris of Napoleon III Celtic Culture: A Historical Encyclopedia ISBN 978-1-85109-440-0 Archived Paris and the Ile de France ISBN 978-0-86350-038-1 Archived Conflict and Change: Europe 1870–1966 Archived Encyclopedia of the Black Death ISBN 978-1-59884-254-8 Archived The City and the Grassroots: A Cross-Cultural Theory of Urban Social Movements ISBN 978-0-520-05617-6 Archived Women and Achievement in Nineteenth-Century Europe ISBN 978-0-521-65098-4 Archived Histoire de Paris ISBN 978-2-13-060852-3 Histoire de Paris ISBN 978-2-13-053865-3 Archived Abelard And the Origin And Early History of Universities ISBN 978-1-4179-4646-4 Archived Iron Age communities in Britain : an account of England, Scotland and Wales from the seventh century BC until the Roman conquest ISBN 978-0-415-34779-2 Archived Paris ISBN 978-1-4396-4101-9 Archived Music Theory from Zarlino to Schenker: A Bibliography and Guide ISBN 978-0-918728-99-9 Archived Delamarre, Xavier ISBN 978-2-87772-369-5 ISBN 978-2-907970-91-4 ISBN 978-2-907970-98-3 ISBN 978-3-8331-1129-7 A Summer in '69 ISBN 978-1-60976-878-2 Archived La Langue Gauloise : Grammaire, Textes et Glossaire ISBN 978-2-05-100208-0 cite book help Django : The Life and Music of a Gypsy Legend: The Life and Music of a Gypsy Legend ISBN 978-0-19-803743-9 Archived Gypsy Jazz : In Search of Django Reinhardt and the Soul of Gypsy Swing: In Search of Django Reinhardt and the Soul of Gypsy Swing ISBN 978-0-19-804262-4 Archived Paris: ses organes, ses fonctions et sa vie jusqu'en 1870 ISBN 978-2-910305-02-4 Archived cite book help The Politics of Dreaming in the Carolingian Empire ISBN 978-0-8032-1653-2 Archived Paris as Seen and Described by Famous Writers ... Archived Cultural Planning: An Urban Renaissance? ISBN 978-0-203-45974-4 Archived ISBN 978-0-9557182-3-6 ISBN 978-1-74059-850-7 ISBN 978-0-7859-9300-1 Marie Antoinette in the Conciergerie, a lecture Archived Bohemian Paris: Picasso, Modigliani, Matisse, and the Birth of Modern Art ISBN 978-0-8021-3997-9 Archived Trains, Culture, and Mobility: Riding the Rails ISBN 978-0-7391-6749-6 Archived AARP Paris 2012 ISBN 978-1-118-26621-2 Archived The making of revolutionary Paris ISBN 978-0-520-24327-9 Anti-Imperial Metropolis: Interwar Paris and the Seeds of Third World Nationalism ISBN 978-1-107-07305-0 Archived Droughts And Heat Waves: A Practical Survival Guide ISBN 978-1-4042-0536-9 Archived The European Cities and Technology Reader: Industrial to Post-industrial City ISBN 978-0-415-20082-0 Archived ISBN 978-0-415-28061-7 The World of the Paris Café: Sociability Among the French Working Class, 1789–1914 ISBN 978-0-8018-6070-6 Archived The Polycentric Metropolis: Learning from Mega-City Regions in Europe ISBN 978-1-136-54768-3 Archived The Dead and the Living in Paris and London, 1500–1670 ISBN 978-0-521-81126-2 Archived Going to Live in Paris: How to Live and Work in France's Great Capital ISBN 978-1-85703-985-6 Archived Politics and Religion in France and the United States ISBN 978-0-7391-1930-3 Archived The Invention of Paris: A History in Footsteps ISBN 978-1-84467-800-6 Archived A Chronological Account of the History of France 72 Paris: Capital of the World ISBN 978-0-674-03864-6 Archived Seven Ages of Paris ISBN 978-0-679-45481-6 Paris and Versailles ISBN 978-2-7131-0202-8 Archived Through the French Canals ISBN 978-1-4081-0381-4 Archived Paris: Biography of a City ISBN 978-0-14-028292-4 Archived The Cambridge Illustrated History of France 48 ISBN 978-0-521-66992-4 Grammaire des jardins parisiens: de l'héritage des rois aux créations contemporaines ISBN 978-2-84096-476-6 Archived Paris ISBN 978-1-85828-679-2 The Engaged Sociologist: Connecting the Classroom to the Community ISBN 978-1-4129-6900-0 Archived The Government and Politics of France ISBN 978-0-415-35732-6 Dover Publications ISBN 978-0-486-29078-2 Lambert, Pierre-Yves ISBN 978-2-87772-089-2 Paris (City Guide) ISBN 978-981-282-079-2 Le refrain dans la chanson française: de Bruant à Renaud ISBN 978-2-84287-096-6 Archived Inner City Poverty in Paris and London ISBN 978-0-415-41762-4 Archived The Police, State and Society: Perspectives from India and France ISBN 978-81-317-3145-1 Archived Gourmet Archived ISBN 978-2-7373-6217-0 Paris Green Guide Michelin 2012–2013 ISBN 978-2-06-718220-2 Archived Paris, City of Art ISBN 978-0-86565-226-2 Archived Multiculturalism, Muslims and Citizenship: A European Approach ISBN 978-1-134-25561-0 Archived Frommer's Memorable Walks in Paris ISBN 978-0-470-03712-6 Archived Nègre, Ernest ISBN 978-2-600-02883-7 Paris Encounter ISBN 978-1-74220-503-8 Archived Urban Planning in Europe: International Competition, National Systems and Planning Projects ISBN 978-0-203-42794-1 Archived Past Forward: French Cinema and the Post-Colonial Heritage ISBN 978-0-8093-8588-1 Archived ISBN 978-1-84595-065-1 Rights of Man, Common Sense, and Other Political Writings ISBN 978-0-19-283557-4 Archived Planning Paris Before Haussmann ISBN 978-0-8018-7930-2 Archived Women Artists and the Parisian Avant-garde: Modernism and 'feminine Art' Art, 1900 to the Late 1920s ISBN 978-0-7190-4165-5 Archived Western Civilization: Ideas, Politics, and Society: from 1600: Ideas, Politics, and Society: From the 1600s ISBN 978-1-111-83171-4 Archived The French Connection ISBN 978-1-58685-529-1 Kick the Fossil Fuel Habit: 10 Clean Technologies to Save Our World ISBN 978-0-9812952-0-6 Archived Parisians: An Adventure History of Paris ISBN 978-0-330-52254-0 Archived A Literary Paris: Hemingway, Colette, Sedaris, and Others on the Uncommon Lure of the City of Light ISBN 978-1-4405-0740-3 Archived Encyclopedia of Contemporary Spanish Culture ISBN 978-0-415-13187-2 Archived ISBN 978-2-13-062078-5 Yourcenar ISBN 978-1-904341-28-4 Archived Infinite variety: the life and legend of the Marchesa Casati ISBN 978-0-8166-4520-6 Archived Histoire de Paris: politique, urbanisme, civilisation ISBN 978-2-7558-0330-3 Archived Lutèce: Paris, des origines à Clovis ISBN 978-2-262-03015-5 Archived Naturalism and Symbolism in European Theatre 1850–1918 ISBN 978-0-521-23014-8 Archived ISBN 978-0-520-22537-4 Paris ISBN 978-1-84537-661-1 Archived Innovation Networks and Learning Regions? ISBN 978-0-11-702360-4 Archived Paris Fashion: A Cultural History ISBN 978-1-85973-973-0 Archived The Statue of Liberty ISBN 978-0-7607-3890-0 Archived Religion, Society and Politics in France Since 1789 ISBN 978-1-85285-057-9 Archived Urban World History: An Economic and Geographical Perspective ISBN 978-2-7605-2209-1 Archived Les grands ensembles: une histoire qui continue ISBN 978-2-86272-260-3 Archived \"Paris\" Chisholm, Hugh Encyclopædia Britannica The Historia Occidentalis of Jacques de Vitry Archived Circles in the Sky: The Life and Times of George Ferris ISBN 978-0-7844-1010-3 Archived Mirrors of Mortality (Routledge Revivals): Social Studies in the History of Death ISBN 978-1-136-81060-2 Archived Coronation Rites 106 Rethinking the French City: Architecture, Dwelling, and Display After 1968 ISBN 978-90-420-2500-4 Archived \"Les contours d'une population susceptible d'être musulmane d'après la filiation\" ISBN 978-2-13-053723-6 Archived Bibliography of Paris Vincent Cronin Paris on the Eve, 1900–1914 HarperCollins ISBN 978-0-312-04876-1 ISBN 978-0-00-215191-7 Fayard ISBN 978-2-213-59874-1 ISBN 978-2-86930-648-6 Paris: The Biography of a City Penguin Viking ISBN 978-0-670-03393-5 ISBN 978-2-02-012864-3 ISBN 978-0-226-87023-6 Wikisource 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica Paris Official website v t e Paris Arrondissements Paris Centre 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 6th 7th 8th 9th 10th 11th 12th 13th 14th 15th 16th 17th 18th 19th 20th Administration Airports Charles de Gaulle Orly Archdiocese Architecture era of absolutism tallest buildings Bridges Culture music Cycling Vélib' Métropole Economy Education History timeline Landmarks Libraries Mayors Museums list Squares Topography Transport Métro Transilien Tramways RER Tourism syndrome Grand Paris Paris metropolitan area Île-de-France France v t e Paris Marseille Lyon Toulouse Nice Nantes Montpellier Strasbourg Bordeaux Lille Rennes Toulon Reims Saint-Étienne Le Havre Villeurbanne Dijon Angers Grenoble Saint-Denis, Réunion Nîmes Saint-Denis, Seine-Saint-Denis Aix-en-Provence Clermont-Ferrand Le Mans Brest Tours Amiens Annecy Limoges Metz Perpignan Boulogne-Billancourt Besançon Orléans Rouen Montreuil Caen Argenteuil Saint-Paul Mulhouse Nancy Complete list v t e Tourism in Paris Landmarks Arc de Triomphe Arc de Triomphe du Carrousel Arènes de Lutèce Bourse Catacombs Conciergerie Eiffel Tower Gare d'Austerlitz Gare de l'Est Gare de Lyon Gare du Nord Gare Montparnasse Gare Saint-Lazare Grand Palais Petit Palais Institut de France Jeanne d'Arc Les Invalides Napoleon's tomb Louvre Pyramid Luxor Obelisk Odéon Opéra Bastille Opéra Garnier Panthéon Philharmonie de Paris Place Diana Flame of Liberty Porte Saint-Denis Porte Saint-Martin Sorbonne Tour Montparnasse Museums list Army Museum Bibliothèque nationale Carnavalet Centre Pompidou Cité des Sciences et de l'Industrie Galerie nationale du Jeu de Paume Louis Vuitton Foundation Musée des Arts décoratifs Musée des Arts et Métiers Musée d'Art et d'Histoire du Judaïsme Musée d'Art Moderne de Paris Maison de Balzac Musée Bourdelle Musée de la Cinémathèque Musée Cognacq-Jay Musée Grévin Musée Guimet Maison de Victor Hugo Musée Jacquemart-André Musée du Louvre Musée Marmottan Monet Musée de la Vie romantique Musée de Montmartre Musée National d'Art Moderne Musée national Eugène Delacroix Musée national Gustave Moreau Musée national des Monuments Français Muséum national d'histoire naturelle Musée de Cluny – Musée national du Moyen Âge Musée de l'Orangerie Musée d'Orsay Musée Pasteur Musée Picasso Musée du Quai Branly Musée Rodin Palais de la Légion d'Honneur Musée de la Légion d'honneur Palais de Tokyo Religious buildings Alexander Nevsky Cathedral American Cathedral American Church Armenian Cathedral of St. John the Baptist Chapelle expiatoire Grand Mosque Grand Synagogue Synagogue de Nazareth La Madeleine Notre-Dame de Paris Notre-Dame-de-Bonne-Nouvelle Notre-Dame-de-Lorette Notre-Dame-des-Victoires Sacré-Cœur Saint Ambroise Saint-Augustin Saint-Étienne-du-Mont Saint-Eustache Saint-François-Xavier Saint-Germain-des-Prés Saint-Germain l'Auxerrois Saint-Gervais-Saint-Protais Tour Saint-Jacques Saint-Jean de Montmartre Saint-Paul-Saint-Louis Saint-Pierre de Montmartre Saint-Roch Saint-Sulpice Saint-Vincent-de-Paul Sainte-Chapelle Sainte-Clotilde Sainte-Trinité Temple du Marais Val-de-Grâce Élysée Palace Hôtel de Beauvais Hôtel de Charost Hôtel de Crillon Hôtel d'Estrées Hôtel de la Païva Hôtel de Pontalba Hôtel de Sens Hôtel de Soubise Hôtel de Sully Hôtel de Ville Hôtel Lambert Hôtel Matignon Luxembourg Palace Petit Luxembourg Palais Bourbon Palais de Justice Palais de la Cité Palais-Royal Avenue de l'Opéra Avenue Foch Avenue George V Boulevard de la Madeleine Boulevard de Sébastopol Canal de l'Ourcq Canal Saint-Martin Champ de Mars Champs-Élysées Covered passages Galerie Véro-Dodat Choiseul Panoramas Galerie Vivienne Havre Jouffroy Brady Latin Quarter Le Marais Montmartre Montparnasse Place Diana Place Dauphine Place de la Bastille Place de la Concorde Place de la Nation Place de la République Place des Émeutes-de-Stonewall Place des États-Unis Place des Pyramides Place des Victoires Place des Vosges Place du Carrousel Place du Châtelet Place du Tertre Place Saint-Michel Place Vendôme Pont Alexandre III Pont d'Iéna Pont de Bir-Hakeim Pont des Arts Pont Neuf Port du Louvre Rive Gauche Rue Basse Rue Bonaparte Rue Charlemagne Rue d'Argenteuil Rue de la Ferronnerie Rue de la Paix Rue de la Sourdière Rue de Montmorency Rue de Richelieu Rue de Rivoli Rue de Vaugirard Rue des Francs-Bourgeois Rue des Lombards Rue du Faubourg Saint-Honoré Rue Elzévir Rue Foyatier Rue Molière Rue Montorgueil Rue Radziwill Rue Rambuteau Rue Mondétour Rue Pastourelle Rue des Rosiers Rue Saint-Honoré Rue Saint-Denis Rue Sainte-Anne Saint-Germain-des-Prés Trocadéro Viaduc d'Austerlitz Parks and gardens list Bois de Boulogne Jardin d'Acclimatation Bois de Vincennes Parc floral Jardin du Luxembourg Parc André-Citroën Parc Clichy-Batignolles Parc de Belleville Parc de Bercy Parc de la Butte-du-Chapeau-Rouge Parc des Buttes Chaumont Parc Georges-Brassens Parc Monceau Parc Montsouris Tuileries Garden Coulée verte René-Dumont Accor Arena Auteuil Hippodrome Halle Georges Carpentier Longchamp Hippodrome Parc des Princes Piscine Molitor Porte de La Chapelle Arena Stade Jean Bouin Stade Pershing Stade Pierre de Coubertin Stade Roland Garros Stade Sébastien Charléty Vélodrome de Vincennes Vincennes Hippodrome Montmartre Cemetery Montparnasse Cemetery Passy Cemetery Père Lachaise Cemetery Oscar Wilde's tomb Picpus Cemetery Région parisienne Basilica of Saint-Denis Château d'Écouen Château de Chantilly Château de Fontainebleau Château de Malmaison Château de Rambouillet Château de Saint-Germain-en-Laye Château de Sceaux Château Gardens of Versailles Grand Trianon Petit Trianon Fresh pavilion Château de Vincennes La Défense Grande Arche Paris La Défense Arena Disneyland Paris Disneyland Park Walt Disney Studios Park Exploradôme Fort Mont-Valérien Mémorial de la France combattante Suresnes American Cemetery and Memorial France Miniature Musée de l'air et de l'espace Musée Fragonard d'Alfort Parc Astérix Parc de Saint-Cloud Provins La Roche-Guyon Sèvres – Cité de la céramique Stade de France Vaux-le-Vicomte Culture and events Bastille Day military parade Dîner en Blanc Fête de la Musique Nuit Blanche Paris Air Show Paris Fashion Week Paris-Plages Republican Guard Solidays Axe historique Bateau-Lavoir Bateaux Mouches Café des 2 Moulins Café Procope Folies Bergère Fountains in Paris La Ruche Les Deux Magots Maxim's Moulin de la Galette Moulin Rouge Paris Métro entrances Montmartre Funicular Paris Musées Paris syndrome Paris Zoological Park Pyramide inversée World Heritage Centre List of tourist attractions in Paris Art in Paris Paris syndrome v t e Paris transport network Métro RER Transilien Tramway Bus RATP Tvm Noctilien CDGVAL Orlyval Montmartre Funicular Grand Paris Express CDG Express Line 3bis and Line 7bis merger IDFM RATP SNCF Optile Keolis Transdev Navigo card Public transport fares in the Île-de-France Versement transport List of Paris Métro stations Architecture Ghost stations RER Transilien in Paris List of tram stops v t e Communes Paris metropolitan area Paris Argenteuil Boulogne-Billancourt Montreuil Saint-Denis Asnières-sur-Seine Aubervilliers Aulnay-sous-Bois Champigny-sur-Marne Colombes Courbevoie Créteil Nanterre Rueil-Malmaison Versailles Vitry-sur-Seine Antony Le Blanc-Mesnil Bobigny Bondy Cergy Chelles Clamart Clichy Corbeil-Essonnes Drancy Épinay-sur-Seine Évry-Courcouronnes Fontenay-sous-Bois Issy-les-Moulineaux Ivry-sur-Seine Levallois-Perret Maisons-Alfort Massy Meaux Neuilly-sur-Seine Noisy-le-Grand Pantin Saint-Maur-des-Fossés Saint-Ouen-sur-Seine Sarcelles Sartrouville Sevran Villejuif Alfortville Athis-Mons Bagneux Bagnolet Bezons Bois-Colombes Brétigny-sur-Orge Brunoy Bussy-Saint-Georges Cachan Champs-sur-Marne Charenton-le-Pont Châtenay-Malabry Châtillon Chatou Le Chesnay-Rocquencourt Choisy-le-Roi Clichy-sous-Bois Conflans-Sainte-Honorine Cormeilles-en-Parisis La Courneuve Creil Draveil Dreux Eaubonne Élancourt Ermont Étampes Fontenay-aux-Roses Franconville Fresnes Gagny La Garenne-Colombes Garges-lès-Gonesse Gennevilliers Gonesse Goussainville Grigny Guyancourt L'Haÿ-les-Roses Herblay-sur-Seine Houilles Limeil-Brévannes Livry-Gargan Malakoff Mantes-la-Jolie Melun Meudon Montfermeil Montigny-le-Bretonneux Montrouge Les Mureaux Neuilly-sur-Marne Nogent-sur-Marne Noisy-le-Sec Palaiseau Le Perreux-sur-Marne Plaisir Le Plessis-Robinson Poissy Pontault-Combault Pontoise Puteaux Rambouillet Ris-Orangis Romainville Rosny-sous-Bois Saint-Cloud Saint-Germain-en-Laye Sainte-Geneviève-des-Bois Sannois Savigny-sur-Orge Savigny-le-Temple Stains Sucy-en-Brie Suresnes Taverny Thiais Trappes Tremblay-en-France Les Ulis Vanves Vigneux-sur-Seine Villemomble Villeneuve-Saint-Georges Villeparisis Villepinte Villiers-le-Bel Villiers-sur-Marne Vincennes Viry-Châtillon Yerres v t e Île-de-France Paris Essonne Évry-Courcouronnes Three arrondissements 21 cantons 194 communes 10 legislative constituencies 10 intercommunalities Hauts-de-Seine Nanterre Three arrondissements 23 cantons 36 communes 13 legislative constituencies 4 EPTs Paris Paris One departmental arrondissement 1 commune 20 municipal arrondissements 80 administrative quarters 18 legislative constituencies 1 intercommunality Seine-et-Marne Melun Five arrondissements 23 cantons 507 communes 11 legislative constituencies 21 intercommunalities Seine-Saint-Denis Bobigny Three arrondissements 21 cantons 40 communes 12 legislative constituencies 4 EPTs Val-de-Marne Créteil Three arrondissements 25 cantons 47 communes 11 legislative constituencies 3 EPTs Val-d'Oise Pontoise Three arrondissements 21 cantons 184 communes 10 legislative constituencies 10 intercommunalities Yvelines Versailles Four arrondissements 21 cantons 259 communes 12 legislative constituencies 10 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https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Paris&oldid=1290542898 Categories Paris Capitals in Europe Catholic pilgrimage sites Cities in France Cities in Île-de-France Companions of the Liberation Departments of Île-de-France Culture of Europe Culture of France Gallia Lugdunensis Populated places established in the 3rd century BC Prefectures in France Pages using gadget WikiMiniAtlas Pages using the Phonos extension CS1 French-language sources (fr) Webarchive template wayback links Articles with French-language sources (fr) CS1 Italian-language sources (it) Articles with short description Short description is different from Wikidata Good articles Wikipedia indefinitely semi-protected pages EngvarB from July 2018 Use dmy dates from August 2024 Pages using infobox settlement with bad settlement type Articles containing French-language text Pages using multiple image with auto scaled images Articles containing Latin-language text Pages using infobox settlement with possible motto list 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48.85667; 2.35222 48°51′24″N 2°21′8″E 48°51′24″N 2°21′8″E 48°51′24″N 2°21′8″E / 48.85667°N 2.35222°E / 48.85667; 2.35222 48.85667°N 2.35222°E / 48.85667; 2.35222 48.85667; 2.35222 Palais Garnier Palais Garnier Fluctuat nec mergitur Show map of France Show map of Île-de-France (region) .mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}48°51′24″N 2°21′8″E / 48.85667°N 2.35222°E / 48.85667; 2.35222 48°51′24″N 2°21′8″E / 48.85667°N 2.35222°E / 48.85667; 2.35222 48°51′24″N 2°21′8″E 48°51′24″N 2°21′8″E 48°51′24″N 2°21′8″E / 48.85667°N 2.35222°E / 48.85667; 2.35222 48.85667°N 2.35222°E / 48.85667; 2.35222 48.85667; 2.35222 (2020–2026) [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] • Summer (DST) paris.fr French pronunciation: [paʁi] ⓘ [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] Musée National d'Art Moderne Musée National d'Art Moderne [ ] [ ] [ ] Lutetia Lutecia [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [paʁizjɛ̃] ⓘ [paʁiɡo] ⓘ [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] merde [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] Petit Palais Petit Palais [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] failed verification [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] (≥ 1.0 mm) [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] conseil d'arrondissement [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] Île-de-France [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] verification needed [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] Crédit Agricole Crédit 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French) (in Italian) [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] France portal Cities portal ^ The word was most likely created by Parisians of the lower popular class who spoke *argot*, then *parigot* was used in a provocative manner outside the Parisian region and throughout France to mean Parisians in general. ^ .mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:\"\\\"\"\"\\\"\"\"'\"\"'\"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url(\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg\")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url(\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg\")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url(\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg\")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url(\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg\")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}\"Répertoire national des élus: les maires\". data.gouv.fr (in French). 16 December 2022. Archived from the original on 27 February 2023. ^ a b c d e \"Département: Paris (75); Unité urbaine: Paris (00851); Région: Île-de-France (11); Aire d'attraction des villes: Paris (001)\". insee.fr. INSEE. 9 January 2025. Retrieved 24 January 2025. . Retrieved 24 January 2025 24 January ^ a b c d \"Estimation de la population au 1ᵉʳ Janvier 2025 - Séries par région, département, sexe et âge\". insee.fr. INSEE. 14 January 2025. Retrieved 24 January 2025. . Retrieved 24 January 2025 24 January ^ \"Populations légales 2019: Commune de Paris (75056)\". INSEE. 29 December 2021. Archived from the original on 22 January 2022. Retrieved 3 February 2022. . Retrieved 3 February 2022 3 February ^ \"The World's Most Densely Populated Cities\". WorldAtlas. 4 October 2020. Archived from the original on 19 March 2022. Retrieved 4 March 2022. . Retrieved 4 March 2022 4 March ^ \"Paris\". Encyclopædia Britannica. Archived from the original on 27 August 2022. Retrieved 8 August 2022. . 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"https://t1.gstatic.com/faviconV2?client=SOCIAL&type=FAVICON&fallback_opts=TYPE,SIZE,URL&url=https://en.wikipedia.org&size=96", "thumbnail": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4b/La_Tour_Eiffel_vue_de_la_Tour_Saint-Jacques%2C_Paris_ao%C3%BBt_2014_%282%29.jpg", "snippets": [ "From the Capetian dynasty that began with the 987 election of Hugh Capet, Count of Paris and Duke of the Franks (duc des Francs), as king of a unified West Francia, Paris gradually became the largest and most prosperous city in France. By the end of the 12th century, Paris had become the political, economic, religious, and cultural capital of France.", "With 200,000 inhabitants in 1328, Paris, then already the capital of France, was the most populous city of Europe. By comparison, London in 1300 had 80,000 inhabitants. By the early fourteenth century, so much filth had collected inside urban Europe that French and Italian cities were naming streets after human waste.", "Due to the Parisian uprisings during the Fronde civil war, Louis XIV moved his court to a new palace, Versailles, in 1682. Although no longer the capital of France, arts and sciences in the city flourished with the Comédie-Française, the Academy of Painting, and the French Academy of Sciences.", "A new boulevard named the Champs-Élysées extended the city west to Étoile, while the working-class neighbourhood of the Faubourg Saint-Antoine on the eastern side of the city grew increasingly crowded with poor migrant workers from other regions of France. Paris was the centre of an explosion of philosophic and scientific activity, known as the Age of Enlightenment. Diderot and D'Alembert published their Encyclopédie in 1751, before the Montgolfier Brothers launched the first manned flight in a hot air balloon on 21 November 1783. Paris was the financial capital of continental Europe, as well the primary European centre for book publishing, fashion and the manufacture of fine furniture and luxury goods.", "Paris (French pronunciation: [paʁi] ⓘ) is the capital and largest city of France. With an estimated population of 2,048,472 residents in January 2025 in an area of more than 105 km2 (41 sq mi), Paris is the fourth-most populous city in the European Union and the 30th most densely populated ..." ] }, { "title": "France | History, Maps, Flag, Population, Cities, Capital, & Facts | Britannica", "url": "https://www.britannica.com/place/France", "description": "France, a country of northwestern Europe, is historically and culturally among the most important countries in the Western world. It has also played a highly significant role in international affairs for centuries. Its capital is Paris, one of the most important cultural and commercial centers ...", "content": null, "site_name": "Britannica", "site_long_name": "britannica.com", "age": "2025-05-01T14:25:06.000Z", "language": "en", "image_urls": [], "links": [], "is_safe": true, "favicon": "https://t1.gstatic.com/faviconV2?client=SOCIAL&type=FAVICON&fallback_opts=TYPE,SIZE,URL&url=https://britannica.com&size=96", "thumbnail": "https://cdn.britannica.com/82/682-050-8AA3D6A6/Flag-France.jpg", "snippets": [ "France, a country of northwestern Europe, is historically and culturally among the most important countries in the Western world. It has also played a highly significant role in international affairs for centuries. Its capital is Paris, one of the most important cultural and commercial centers in the world.", "As one of the five permanent members of the United Nations Security Council—together with the United States, Russia, the United Kingdom, and China—France has the right to veto decisions put to the council. ... The capital and by far the most important city of France is Paris, one of the world’s preeminent cultural and commercial centres.", "France, 1180 to c. 1490 ... While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. ... Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. ... Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students. ... William H. Bonsall Professor Emeritus of History, Stanford University, California.", "Historically and culturally among the most important nations in the Western world, France has also played a highly significant role in international affairs, with former colonies in every corner of the globe. Bounded by the Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea, the Alps and the Pyrenees, France has long provided a geographic, economic, and linguistic bridge joining northern and southern Europe." ] }, { "title": "Paris, France - Intercultural City - The Council of Europe", "url": "https://www.coe.int/en/web/interculturalcities/paris", "description": "Paris is the capital and most populous city of France. Situated on the Seine River, in the north of the country, it is in the centre of the Île-de-France region, also known as the région parisienne, "Paris Region". The City of Paris has an area of 105 km² and a population of 2,241,346 (2014 ...", "content": null, "site_name": "Coe", "site_long_name": "coe.int", "age": "2024-10-15T08:30:31.000Z", "language": "en", "image_urls": [], "links": [], "is_safe": true, "favicon": "https://t1.gstatic.com/faviconV2?client=SOCIAL&type=FAVICON&fallback_opts=TYPE,SIZE,URL&url=https://coe.int&size=96", "snippets": [ "Paris is the capital and most populous city of France. Situated on the Seine River, in the north of the country, it is in the centre of the Île-de-France region, also known as the région parisienne, \"Paris Region\". The City of Paris has an area of 105 km² and a population of 2,241,346 (2014 estimate)." ] }, { "title": "Paris | Definition, Map, Population, Facts, & History | Britannica", "url": "https://www.britannica.com/place/Paris", "description": "Paris, city and capital of France, located along the Seine River, in the north-central part of the country. Paris is one of the world’s most important and attractive cities, famed for its gastronomy, haute couture, painting, literature, and intellectual community.", "content": null, "site_name": "Britannica", "site_long_name": "britannica.com", "age": "2025-05-14T00:20:03.000Z", "language": "en", "image_urls": [], "links": [], "is_safe": true, "favicon": "https://t1.gstatic.com/faviconV2?client=SOCIAL&type=FAVICON&fallback_opts=TYPE,SIZE,URL&url=https://britannica.com&size=96", "thumbnail": "https://cdn.britannica.com/36/135436-050-ED1D0FCE/skyline-Eiffel-Tower-France-Paris.jpg", "snippets": [ "The navigator is blind and the driver's in pain, but they're racing though France, busting barriers • May 21, 2025, 4:50 AM ET (AP) Show less · Paris, city and capital of France, situated in the north-central part of the country. People were living on the site of the present-day city, located along the Seine River some 233 miles (375 km) upstream from the river’s mouth on the English Channel (La Manche), by about 7600 bce.", "Paris’s site at a crossroads of both water and land routes significant not only to France but also to Europe has had a continuing influence on its growth. Under Roman administration, in the 1st century bce, the original site on the Île de la Cité was designated the capital of the Parisii tribe and territory.", "The Frankish king Clovis I had taken Paris from the Gauls by 494 ce and later made his capital there. Under Hugh Capet (ruled 987–996) and the Capetian dynasty the preeminence of Paris was firmly established, and Paris became the political and cultural hub as modern France took shape.", "Paris is the national capital of France." ] }, { "title": "Paris - Charming Capital of France | History and Top ...", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cfGgrWHAgcY", "description": "Enjoy the videos and music you love, upload original content, and share it all with friends, family, and the world on YouTube.", "content": null, "site_name": "YouTube", "site_long_name": "youtube.com", "language": "en", "image_urls": [], "links": [], "is_safe": true, "favicon": "https://t1.gstatic.com/faviconV2?client=SOCIAL&type=FAVICON&fallback_opts=TYPE,SIZE,URL&url=https://youtube.com&size=96" }, { "title": "What are the three official capitals of France and which one is the most commonly visited? - Quora", "url": "https://www.quora.com/What-are-the-three-official-capitals-of-France-and-which-one-is-the-most-commonly-visited", "description": "Answer (1 of 3): Is it a serious question? 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As in other European countries, the machinery of government was assembled long ago in a place that suited the King and has remained there ever since. The kingdom of Francia was on...", "content": null, "site_name": "Quora", "site_long_name": "quora.com", "language": "en", "image_urls": [], "links": [], "is_safe": true, "favicon": "https://t1.gstatic.com/faviconV2?client=SOCIAL&type=FAVICON&fallback_opts=TYPE,SIZE,URL&url=https://quora.com&size=96", "thumbnail": "https://qph.cf2.quoracdn.net/main-custom-t-1299-600x315-nfjunofpvfnkizbcsfmsrvtczfjvqyqt.jpeg" }, { "title": "Overview of France - Welcome to France", "url": "https://www.welcometofrance.com/en/fiche/overview-of-france", "description": "Discover the latest information about Overview of France on Welcome to France website numerous sheets dedicated to foreign talents wishing to settle in France", "content": null, "site_name": "Welcome to France", "site_long_name": "welcometofrance.com", "age": "2024-12-16T14:39:15.000Z", "language": "en", "image_urls": [], "links": [], "is_safe": true, "favicon": "https://t1.gstatic.com/faviconV2?client=SOCIAL&type=FAVICON&fallback_opts=TYPE,SIZE,URL&url=https://welcometofrance.com&size=96", "snippets": [ "Day-to-day life Discover France · Date of update 17/12/2019 · Surface area: 633,186 sq. km. Population 66.6 million · Capital city: Paris · Official language: French · Currency: Euro (EUR) System of government: Republic · Founding member of the European Union ·", "Prime Minister (Head of Government): Mr. François BAYROU · The climate in mainland France is temperate, with quite significant regional differences. Temperatures are relatively mild and rainfall occurs throughout the year. Regional variations occur due to latitude and differences in distance to the sea or mountainous areas.", "President of the Republic (Head of State): Mr." ] }, { "title": "What is the capital of France? Overview of Paris/", "url": "https://www.iroamly.com/france-travel/what-is-the-capital-of-france.html", "description": "Dive into the charm of Paris, the capital of France! Explore its rich history, iconic attractions, and delectable cuisine in our guide. Click to learn more!", "content": null, "site_name": "iRoamly", "site_long_name": "iroamly.com", "age": "2024-11-28T17:42:20.000Z", "language": "en", "image_urls": [], "links": [], "is_safe": true, "favicon": "https://t1.gstatic.com/faviconV2?client=SOCIAL&type=FAVICON&fallback_opts=TYPE,SIZE,URL&url=https://iroamly.com&size=96", "thumbnail": "https://www.iroamly.com/images/article/france/city-of-lights.webp", "snippets": [ "Dive into the charm of Paris, the capital of France! Explore its rich history, iconic attractions, and delectable cuisine in our guide. Click to learn more!/", "One interruption in Paris's role as capital came during the French Revolution, when fear of Parisian rebellion saw the revolutionary government declare the capital to be Versailles in 1789. · Its reign lasted less than two years, however, and the city swiftly resumed its role. In the centuries since, the city — for better or worse — has come to embody France itself, enduring fires, plagues, wars, and rebellions.", "Enjoy exploring the past, relishing the present, and marveling at the landscape and soul of Paris. · It's not just France's capital—it's a world unto itself, waiting to be explored for its every delight.", "Paris, being the culinary capital of France, has a gastronomic scene second to none." ] }, { "title": "Infoclip: European Union Capitals - Paris, France - Multimedia Centre", "url": "https://multimedia.europarl.europa.eu/en/video/infoclip-european-union-capitals-paris-france_I199003", "description": "This stockshot provides illustrative images of Paris, capital of France, filmed in November 2020. It presents general views of the city, official buildings and sights, general atmosphere in the streets and historic places and buildings in the heart of the city during the coronavirus pandemic.", "content": null, "site_name": "Multimedia Centre", "site_long_name": "multimedia.europarl.europa.eu", "language": "en", "image_urls": [], "links": [], "is_safe": true, "favicon": "https://t1.gstatic.com/faviconV2?client=SOCIAL&type=FAVICON&fallback_opts=TYPE,SIZE,URL&url=https://multimedia.europarl.europa.eu&size=96", "thumbnail": "https://api.multimedia.europarl.europa.eu/documents/20125/77824196/1724427949176_I199003_mobile.jpg" }, { "title": "iFly Tourism | Paris, the capital of France, is often referred to ...", "url": "https://www.instagram.com/reel/DEVmGsIMGRM/", "description": "6M Followers, 130 Following, 580 Posts - Reel Media House. (@reel) on Instagram: "Thanks for stopping by."", "content": null, "site_name": "Instagram", "site_long_name": "instagram.com", "language": "en", "image_urls": [], "links": [], "is_safe": true, "favicon": "https://t1.gstatic.com/faviconV2?client=SOCIAL&type=FAVICON&fallback_opts=TYPE,SIZE,URL&url=https://instagram.com&size=96" }, { "title": "Discover the city of Paris | Paris the capital city of France", "url": "https://www.cia-france.com/french-kids-teenage-courses/paris-school/visit-paris", "description": "Discover Paris and learn French, the pleasure of making progress. Paris is the city to visit while improving your French.", "content": null, "site_name": "Cia-france", "site_long_name": "cia-france.com", "age": "2022-12-01T13:06:43.000Z", "language": "en", "image_urls": [], "links": [], "is_safe": true, "favicon": "https://t1.gstatic.com/faviconV2?client=SOCIAL&type=FAVICON&fallback_opts=TYPE,SIZE,URL&url=https://cia-france.com&size=96", "thumbnail": "https://www.cia-france.com/media/121/presentation-paris_1920x1080.jpg", "snippets": [ "Paris is the city of romance par excellence, the fashion capital and the best example of French art de vivre. Exploring Paris is an essential rite of passage for anyone who decides to learn French and get to know France. There are so many things to do and see in Paris that, however long you stay, it won't seem long enough.", "You can climb to the top of the Eiffel Tower to enjoy breathtaking views of the city, wander along the Champs-Elysées, visit the Louvre, have fun at Disneyland Paris, go shopping or window-shopping in the stores of Le Marais and the Place des Vosges. Enjoying an ice-cream or macaroons on a terrace, enjoying the parks and gardens, seeing a musical or taking part in an Escape Game are all things you can do in the capital.", "In Paris, our program meets the expectations of juniors and the requirements of their parents. Teens are sure to love their stay on an international campus with other teens from the world over, as well as activities, parties and exploring the curiosities of the capital.", "In terms of internet access, there are many internet cafés and free wifi in public places (libraries, parks etc.). In terms of transport, the métro (subway) and RER (regional train network) run between 6 a.m. and 1 a.m. At night, the Noctilien (night bus) runs from 0:30 to 5:30 a.m." ] }, { "title": "Versailles, “capital” of the kingdom, 1682 | Palace of Versailles", "url": "https://en.chateauversailles.fr/discover/history/key-dates/versailles-capital-kingdom-1682", "description": "The establishment of the Court and the seat of power in Versailles had been underway since 1677, when the works on the site were sped up and the king doubled up state services between Paris and Versailles. 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Athough Paris never ceased to be the official capital, the decision made Versailles the de facto centre of the kingdom until 1789.", "In 1682 the Marquis de Sourches, talking of Versailles, remembered that “he loved this residence with a passion beyond reason”. His listener, King Louis XIV, already disliked Paris; he had been afraid of the city since he was a boy, when he had been forced to leave in some haste in 1649 to escape the Fronde (a series of French civil wars between 1648 and 1653).", "The sovereign was a man of the open air, with a strong interest in architecture and construction. In Versailles, unrestrained by noteworthy architecture (except for the small village, which he demolished) he was able to give free rein to his love of buildings.", "The king was 40 at the time and at the height of his power: he was on the point of signing the Peace treaties of Nijmegen with Holland. Between 1678 and 1682, Louis XIV built more than in his previous 20 years on the throne." ] }, { "title": "Paris celebrates 2,000th birthday | July 8, 1951 | HISTORY", "url": "https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/july-8/paris-celebrates-2000th-birthday", "description": "Paris, the capital city of France, celebrates turning 2,000 years old. The City of Lights was most likely founded around 250 B.C.", "content": null, "site_name": "HISTORY", "site_long_name": "history.com", "age": "2025-03-10T21:06:11.000Z", "language": "en", "image_urls": [], "links": [], "is_safe": true, "favicon": "https://t1.gstatic.com/faviconV2?client=SOCIAL&type=FAVICON&fallback_opts=TYPE,SIZE,URL&url=https://history.com&size=96", "thumbnail": "https://res.cloudinary.com/aenetworks/image/upload/c_fill,w_1200,h_630,g_auto/dpr_auto/f_auto/q_auto:eco/v1/55752370_awhdev?_a=BAVAZGDX0", "snippets": [ "On July 8, 1951, Paris, the capital city of France, celebrates turning 2,000 years old.", "By 52 B.C., Julius Caesar and the Romans had taken over the area, which eventually became Christianized and known as Lutetia, Latin for “midwater dwelling.” The settlement later spread to both the left and right banks of the Seine and the name Lutetia was replaced with “Paris.” In 987 A.D., Paris became the capital of France.", "Convicted of murder on meager evidence, the singing Wobbly Joe Hill is sentenced on July 8, 1914 to be executed in Utah. 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"https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_intercommunalities_of_the_Seine-Saint-Denis_department&action=edit&redlink=1", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arrondissements_of_the_Val-de-Marne_department", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cantons_of_the_Val-de-Marne_department", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communes_of_the_Val-de-Marne_department", "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_legislative_constituencies_of_the_Val-de-Marne_department&action=edit&redlink=1", "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_intercommunalities_of_the_Val-de-Marne_department&action=edit&redlink=1", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arrondissements_of_the_Val-d%27Oise_department", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cantons_of_the_Val-d%27Oise_department", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communes_of_the_Val-d%27Oise_department", "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_legislative_constituencies_of_the_Val-d%27Oise_department&action=edit&redlink=1", "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_intercommunalities_of_the_Val-d%27Oise_department&action=edit&redlink=1", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arrondissements_of_the_Yvelines_department", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cantons_of_the_Yvelines_department", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communes_of_the_Yvelines_department", "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_legislative_constituencies_of_the_Yvelines_department&action=edit&redlink=1", "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_intercommunalities_of_the_Yvelines_department&action=edit&redlink=1", "/wiki/Template:Prefectures_of_French_departments", "/wiki/Template_talk:Prefectures_of_French_departments", "/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Prefectures_of_French_departments", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prefectures_in_France", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bourg-en-Bresse", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ain", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aisne", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moulins,_Allier", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allier", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digne-les-Bains", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alpes-de-Haute-Provence", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gap,_Hautes-Alpes", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hautes-Alpes", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alpes-Maritimes", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Privas", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ard%C3%A8che", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charleville-M%C3%A9zi%C3%A8res", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ardennes_(department)", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foix", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ari%C3%A8ge_(department)", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aube", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carcassonne", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aude", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rodez", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aveyron", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bouches-du-Rh%C3%B4ne", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calvados_(department)", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aurillac", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cantal", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angoul%C3%AAme", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charente", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/La_Rochelle", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charente-Maritime", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cher_(department)", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tulle", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corr%C3%A8ze", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajaccio", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corse-du-Sud", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bastia", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haute-Corse", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C3%B4te-d%27Or", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint-Brieuc", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C3%B4tes-d%27Armor", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gu%C3%A9ret", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Creuse", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%A9rigueux", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dordogne", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doubs", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valence_(city)", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dr%C3%B4me", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89vreux", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eure", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chartres", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eure-et-Loir", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quimper", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Finist%C3%A8re", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gard", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haute-Garonne", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Auch", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gers", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gironde", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%A9rault", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ille-et-Vilaine", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ch%C3%A2teauroux", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indre", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indre-et-Loire", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Is%C3%A8re", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lons-le-Saunier", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jura_(department)", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mont-de-Marsan", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Landes_(department)", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blois", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Loir-et-Cher", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Loire_(department)", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Le_Puy-en-Velay", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haute-Loire", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Loire-Atlantique", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Loiret", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cahors", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lot_(department)", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agen", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lot-et-Garonne", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mende,_Loz%C3%A8re", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Loz%C3%A8re", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maine-et-Loire", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint-L%C3%B4", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manche", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ch%C3%A2lons-en-Champagne", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marne_(department)", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chaumont,_Haute-Marne", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haute-Marne", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laval,_Mayenne", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mayenne", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meurthe-et-Moselle", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bar-le-Duc", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meuse_(department)", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vannes", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morbihan", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moselle_(department)", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nevers", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ni%C3%A8vre", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nord_(French_department)", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beauvais", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oise", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alen%C3%A7on", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orne", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arras", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pas-de-Calais", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Puy-de-D%C3%B4me", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pau,_Pyr%C3%A9n%C3%A9es-Atlantiques", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pyr%C3%A9n%C3%A9es-Atlantiques", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tarbes", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hautes-Pyr%C3%A9n%C3%A9es", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pyr%C3%A9n%C3%A9es-Orientales", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bas-Rhin", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colmar", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haut-Rhin", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rh%C3%B4ne_(department)", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vesoul", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haute-Sa%C3%B4ne", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%A2con", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sa%C3%B4ne-et-Loire", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarthe", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chamb%C3%A9ry", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Savoie", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haute-Savoie", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seine-Maritime", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niort", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deux-S%C3%A8vres", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Somme_(department)", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albi", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tarn_(department)", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montauban", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tarn-et-Garonne", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Var_(department)", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avignon", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaucluse", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/La_Roche-sur-Yon", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vend%C3%A9e", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poitiers", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vienne_(department)", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haute-Vienne", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89pinal", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vosges_(department)", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Auxerre", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yonne", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belfort", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Territoire_de_Belfort", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Overseas_department", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basse-Terre", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fort-de-France", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cayenne", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_Guiana", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mamoudzou", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mayotte", "/wiki/Template:Prefectures_of_regions_of_France", "/wiki/Template_talk:Prefectures_of_regions_of_France", "/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Prefectures_of_regions_of_France", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Auvergne-Rh%C3%B4ne-Alpes", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bourgogne-Franche-Comt%C3%A9", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brittany_(administrative_region)", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Centre-Val_de_Loire", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corsica", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grand_Est", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hauts-de-France", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Normandy_(administrative_region)", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nouvelle-Aquitaine", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Occitania_(administrative_region)", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pays_de_la_Loire", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Provence-Alpes-C%C3%B4te_d%27Azur", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Overseas_departments_and_regions_of_France", "/wiki/Template:Departments_of_France", "/wiki/Template_talk:Departments_of_France", "/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Departments_of_France", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metropolis_of_Lyon", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint_Pierre_and_Miquelon", "/wiki/Wikipedia:Wikimedia_sister_projects", "https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Paris", "https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Special:Search/Paris", "https://en.wikiversity.org/wiki/Special:Search/Paris", "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:Search/Paris", "/wiki/Help:Authority_control", "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q90#identifiers", "https://isni.org/isni/000000012114268X", "https://viaf.org/viaf/158822968", "http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1205283/", "https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJrmbyBWhYrMkc793vqWjC", "https://d-nb.info/gnd/4044660-8", "https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n79058874", "https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11865278m", "https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11865278m", "https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00629026", "https://opac.sbn.it/nome/LO1V149084", "https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an35995688", "https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ge130380&CON_LNG=ENG", "https://datos.bne.es/resource/XX451222", "https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/1009791", "http://aleweb.ncl.edu.tw/F/?func=accref&acc_sequence=021097610&CON_LNG=ENG", "https://kopkatalogs.lv/F?func=direct&local_base=lnc10&doc_number=000042629&P_CON_LNG=ENG", "http://www.bncatalogo.cl/F?func=direct&local_base=red10&doc_number=000031011", "https://catalogo.bn.gov.ar/F/?func=direct&local_base=BNA10&doc_number=000047813", "https://www.nli.org.il/en/authorities/987007561794505171", "https://cantic.bnc.cat/registre/981058613861806706", "https://musicbrainz.org/area/dc10c22b-e510-4006-8b7f-fecb4f36436e", "https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA10980120?l=en", "http://kulturnav.org/5fd4d231-00c4-4f69-abf6-cd63ffe60e2a", "https://www.ngv.vic.gov.au/explore/collection/artist/13498/", "https://www.idref.fr/026397765", "https://hls-dhs-dss.ch/fr/articles/006604", "https://catalog.archives.gov/id/10045153", "https://catalog.archives.gov/id/10044289", "https://snaccooperative.org/ark:/99166/w6n62wkx", "/wiki/Category:Paris", "/wiki/Category:Capitals_in_Europe", "/wiki/Category:Catholic_pilgrimage_sites", "/wiki/Category:Cities_in_France", "/wiki/Category:Cities_in_%C3%8Ele-de-France", "/wiki/Category:Companions_of_the_Liberation", "/wiki/Category:Departments_of_%C3%8Ele-de-France", "/wiki/Category:Culture_of_Europe", "/wiki/Category:Culture_of_France", "/wiki/Category:Gallia_Lugdunensis", "/wiki/Category:Populated_places_established_in_the_3rd_century_BC", "/wiki/Category:Prefectures_in_France", "/wiki/Category:Pages_using_gadget_WikiMiniAtlas", "/wiki/Category:Pages_using_the_Phonos_extension", "/wiki/Category:CS1_French-language_sources_(fr)", "/wiki/Category:Webarchive_template_wayback_links", "/wiki/Category:CS1_Italian-language_sources_(it)", "/wiki/Category:Good_articles", "/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_indefinitely_semi-protected_pages", "/wiki/Category:EngvarB_from_July_2018", "/wiki/Category:Use_dmy_dates_from_August_2024", "/wiki/Category:Pages_using_infobox_settlement_with_bad_settlement_type", "/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_French-language_text", "/wiki/Category:Pages_using_multiple_image_with_auto_scaled_images", "/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Latin-language_text", "/wiki/Category:Pages_using_infobox_settlement_with_possible_motto_list", "/wiki/Category:Coordinates_on_Wikidata", "/wiki/Category:Pages_using_infobox_settlement_with_possible_demonym_list", "/wiki/Category:Pages_using_infobox_settlement_with_image_map1_but_not_image_map", "/wiki/Category:Pages_with_French_IPA", "/wiki/Category:Pages_including_recorded_pronunciations", "/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_failed_verification", "/wiki/Category:Articles_with_failed_verification_from_November_2024", "/wiki/Category:All_pages_needing_factual_verification", "/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_articles_needing_factual_verification_from_June_2019", "/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_incomplete_citations", "/wiki/Category:Articles_with_incomplete_citations_from_November_2023", "/wiki/Category:Articles_with_Italian-language_sources_(it)", "/wiki/Category:CS1_errors:_ISBN_date", "/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_articles_incorporating_a_citation_from_the_1911_Encyclopaedia_Britannica_with_Wikisource_reference", "/wiki/Category:Pages_using_Sister_project_links_with_wikidata_namespace_mismatch", "/wiki/Category:Pages_using_Sister_project_links_with_hidden_wikidata", "/wiki/Category:Pages_using_the_Kartographer_extension", "https://en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Paris&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" ], "_usage": { "input_tokens": 11, "output_tokens": 207720, "inference_time_tokens": 8461, "total_tokens": 216192 } } ``` # HTML To Any Source: https://jigsawstack.com/docs/api-reference/web/html-to-any POST https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/web/html_to_any Capture screenshots of a website, convert HTML to both image and PDF formats. ## Request Parameters ### Body The HTML content to convert to image or PDF. Either `html` or `url` is required, but not both. The URL of the webpage to capture. Either `html` or `url` is required, but not both. The output file format. Supported formats:
  • `png` - PNG image format
  • `jpeg` - JPEG image format
  • `webp` - WebP image format
  • `pdf` - PDF document
 The quality of the output image (1-100). Higher values produce better quality but larger file sizes. Only applies to jpeg and webp formats. When set to true, captures the entire scrollable area of the page instead of just the viewport. When set to true, makes the background transparent for PNG format images. The width of the viewport in pixels. The height of the viewport in pixels. Device scale factor (minimum: 1). Controls the resolution of the screenshot. Predefined screen size preset to use instead of specifying width and height manually. Supported values include:
  • `QVGA` - 320×240
  • `VGA` - 640×480
  • `SVGA` - 800×600
  • `HD` - 1280×720
  • `HD+` - 1600×900
  • `SXGA` - 1280×1024
  • `FHD` - 1920×1080
  • `2K` - 2048×1080
  • `2K QHD` - 2560×1440
  • `5K` - 5120×2880
  • `4K UHD` - 3840×2160
See the full list of screen size presets [here](/docs/additional-resources/size-preset) When set to true, emulates a mobile device viewport and takes the meta viewport tag into account. When set to true, forces the page to render in dark mode using the CSS prefers-color-scheme media feature. Enables WebGL, GPU acceleration, and other 3D APIs. Note: This option may impact performance and increase API latency. Custom page-load behavior settings. Maximum time to wait for the page to load, in milliseconds (max: 15000ms). Event to wait for before considering navigation complete:
  • `load` - Wait for the window\.load event
  • `domcontentloaded` - Wait for the DOMContentLoaded event
  • `networkidle0` - Wait until there are no network connections for at least 500ms
  • `networkidle2` - Wait until there are no more than 2 network connections for at least 500ms
 When set to true, displays header and footer in PDF output. Only applies when `type` is set to `pdf`. When set to true, prints background graphics in PDF output. Only applies when `type` is set to `pdf`. Page ranges to print in PDF format (e.g., '1-5, 8, 11-13'). Only applies when `type` is set to `pdf`. ## Response The API returns the generated file (image or PDF) directly in the response body as binary data. ## Common Use Cases ### Website Screenshots Capture screenshots of websites for: * Monitoring and testing * Generating previews or thumbnails * Creating social media images * Archiving webpage states ### HTML to Image Conversion Convert HTML snippets to images for: * Email templates * Social media posts * Dynamic image generation * Creating graphics from templates ### PDF Generation Create PDFs from webpages for: * Generating reports * Creating downloadable content * Archiving articles or documentation * Creating printable versions of web content ### Responsive Design Testing Test how websites appear on different screen sizes: * Mobile vs. desktop views * Various device dimensions * Light vs. dark mode ## Best Practices 1. **Optimal Quality Settings**: * For lossless quality, use PNG format with `quality: 100` * For smaller file sizes with good quality, use WebP format with `quality: 80-90` * For the smallest file sizes (where quality is less critical), use JPEG format with `quality: 70-80` 2. **Page Loading**: * Use `wait_until: "networkidle0"` for dynamic websites that load content via JavaScript * Set appropriate `timeout` values for websites that take longer to load * Consider using explicit `width` and `height` to match the content dimensions 3. **PDF Configuration**: * Enable `pdf_print_background` when capturing colorful websites as PDFs * Use `pdf_page_range` to capture only specific pages for large websites * Set appropriate page dimensions with `width` and `height` for better PDF layout ```javascript Javascript import { JigsawStack } from "jigsawstack"; const jigsaw = JigsawStack({ apiKey: "your-api-key" }); const response = await jigsaw.web.html_to_any({ "url": "https://news.ycombinator.com/" }) ``` ```python Python from jigsawstack import JigsawStack jigsaw = JigsawStack(api_key="your-api-key") response = jigsaw.web.html_to_any({ "url": "https://news.ycombinator.com/" }) ``` ```bash Curl curl https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/web/html_to_any \ -X POST \ -H 'Content-Type: application/json' \ -H 'x-api-key: your-api-key' \ -d '{"url":"https://news.ycombinator.com/"}' ``` ```php PHP 'https://news.ycombinator.com/' }.to_json req_options = { use_ssl: uri.scheme == 'https' } res = Net::HTTP.start(uri.hostname, uri.port, req_options) do |http| http.request(req) end ``` ```go Go package main import ( "fmt" "io" "log" "net/http" "strings" ) func main() { client := &http.Client{} var data = strings.NewReader(`{"url":"https://news.ycombinator.com/"}`) req, err := http.NewRequest("POST", "https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/web/html_to_any", data) if err != nil { log.Fatal(err) } req.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/json") req.Header.Set("x-api-key", "your-api-key") resp, err := client.Do(req) if err != nil { log.Fatal(err) } defer resp.Body.Close() bodyText, err := io.ReadAll(resp.Body) if err != nil { log.Fatal(err) } fmt.Printf("%s\n", bodyText) } ``` ```java Java import java.io.IOException; import java.net.URI; import java.net.http.HttpClient; import java.net.http.HttpRequest; import java.net.http.HttpRequest.BodyPublishers; import java.net.http.HttpResponse; HttpClient client = HttpClient.newHttpClient(); HttpRequest request = HttpRequest.newBuilder() .uri(URI.create("https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/web/html_to_any")) .POST(BodyPublishers.ofString("{\"url\":\"https://news.ycombinator.com/\"}")) .setHeader("Content-Type", "application/json") .setHeader("x-api-key", "your-api-key") .build(); HttpResponse response = client.send(request, HttpResponse.BodyHandlers.ofString()); ``` ```swift Swift import Foundation let jsonData = [ "url": "https://news.ycombinator.com/" ] as [String : Any] let data = try! JSONSerialization.data(withJSONObject: jsonData, options: []) let url = URL(string: "https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/web/html_to_any")! let headers = [ "Content-Type": "application/json", "x-api-key": "your-api-key" ] var request = URLRequest(url: url) request.httpMethod = "POST" request.allHTTPHeaderFields = headers request.httpBody = data as Data let task = URLSession.shared.dataTask(with: request) { (data, response, error) in if let error = error { print(error) } else if let data = data { let str = String(data: data, encoding: .utf8) print(str ?? "") } } task.resume() ``` ```dart Dart import 'package:http/http.dart' as http; void main() async { final headers = { 'Content-Type': 'application/json', 'x-api-key': 'your-api-key', }; final data = '{"url":"https://news.ycombinator.com/"}'; final url = Uri.parse('https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/web/html_to_any'); final res = await http.post(url, headers: headers, body: data); final status = res.statusCode; if (status != 200) throw Exception('http.post error: statusCode= $status'); print(res.body); } ``` ```kotlin Kotlin import java.io.IOException import okhttp3.MediaType.Companion.toMediaType import okhttp3.OkHttpClient import okhttp3.Request import okhttp3.RequestBody.Companion.toRequestBody val client = OkHttpClient() val MEDIA_TYPE = "application/json".toMediaType() val requestBody = "{\"url\":\"https://news.ycombinator.com/\"}" val request = Request.Builder() .url("https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/web/html_to_any") .post(requestBody.toRequestBody(MEDIA_TYPE)) .header("Content-Type", "application/json") .header("x-api-key", "your-api-key") .build() client.newCall(request).execute().use { response -> if (!response.isSuccessful) throw IOException("Unexpected code $response") response.body!!.string() } ``` ```csharp C# using System.Net.Http; using System.Net.Http.Headers; HttpClient client = new HttpClient(); HttpRequestMessage request = new HttpRequestMessage(HttpMethod.Post, "https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/web/html_to_any"); request.Headers.Add("x-api-key", "your-api-key"); request.Content = new StringContent("{\"url\":\"https://news.ycombinator.com/\"}"); request.Content.Headers.ContentType = new MediaTypeHeaderValue("application/json"); HttpResponseMessage response = await client.SendAsync(request); response.EnsureSuccessStatusCode(); string responseBody = await response.Content.ReadAsStringAsync(); ``` # Search Suggestion Source: https://jigsawstack.com/docs/api-reference/web/search-suggestion GET https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/web/search/suggest Get suggestions for a given query in real time. ### Query The search value. The maximum query character length is 200. ### Response Indicates whether the call was successful. ```javascript Javascript import { JigsawStack } from "jigsawstack"; const jigsaw = JigsawStack({ apiKey: "your-api-key" }); const response = await jigsaw.web.search_suggestions({ "query": "What is the capital" }) ``` ```python Python from jigsawstack import JigsawStack jigsaw = JigsawStack(api_key="your-api-key") response = jigsaw.web.search_suggestions({ "query": "What is the capital" }) ``` ```bash Curl curl https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/web/search/suggest?query=What+is+the+capital \ -X GET \ -H 'Content-Type: application/json' \ -H 'x-api-key: your-api-key' ``` ```php PHP 'What is the capital', } uri.query = URI.encode_www_form(params) req = Net::HTTP::Get.new(uri) req.content_type = 'application/json' req['x-api-key'] = 'your-api-key' req_options = { use_ssl: uri.scheme == 'https' } res = Net::HTTP.start(uri.hostname, uri.port, req_options) do |http| http.request(req) end ``` ```go Go package main import ( "fmt" "io" "log" "net/http" ) func main() { client := &http.Client{} req, err := http.NewRequest("GET", "https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/web/search/suggest?query=What+is+the+capital", nil) if err != nil { log.Fatal(err) } req.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/json") req.Header.Set("x-api-key", "your-api-key") resp, err := client.Do(req) if err != nil { log.Fatal(err) } defer resp.Body.Close() bodyText, err := io.ReadAll(resp.Body) if err != nil { log.Fatal(err) } fmt.Printf("%s\n", bodyText) } ``` ```java Java import java.io.IOException; import java.net.URI; import java.net.http.HttpClient; import java.net.http.HttpRequest; import java.net.http.HttpResponse; HttpClient client = HttpClient.newHttpClient(); HttpRequest request = HttpRequest.newBuilder() .uri(URI.create("https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/web/search/suggest?query=What+is+the+capital")) .GET() .setHeader("Content-Type", "application/json") .setHeader("x-api-key", "your-api-key") .build(); HttpResponse response = client.send(request, HttpResponse.BodyHandlers.ofString()); ``` ```swift Swift import Foundation let url = URL(string: "https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/web/search/suggest?query=What+is+the+capital")! let headers = [ "Content-Type": "application/json", "x-api-key": "your-api-key" ] var request = URLRequest(url: url) request.allHTTPHeaderFields = headers let task = URLSession.shared.dataTask(with: request) { (data, response, error) in if let error = error { print(error) } else if let data = data { let str = String(data: data, encoding: .utf8) print(str ?? "") } } task.resume() ``` ```dart Dart import 'package:http/http.dart' as http; void main() async { final headers = { 'Content-Type': 'application/json', 'x-api-key': 'your-api-key', }; final params = { 'query': 'What is the capital', }; final url = Uri.parse('https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/web/search/suggest') .replace(queryParameters: params); final res = await http.get(url, headers: headers); final status = res.statusCode; if (status != 200) throw Exception('http.get error: statusCode= $status'); print(res.body); } ``` ```kotlin Kotlin import java.io.IOException import okhttp3.OkHttpClient import okhttp3.Request val client = OkHttpClient() val request = Request.Builder() .url("https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/web/search/suggest?query=What+is+the+capital") .header("Content-Type", "application/json") .header("x-api-key", "your-api-key") .build() client.newCall(request).execute().use { response -> if (!response.isSuccessful) throw IOException("Unexpected code $response") response.body!!.string() } ``` ```csharp C# using System.Net.Http; using System.Net.Http.Headers; HttpClient client = new HttpClient(); HttpRequestMessage request = new HttpRequestMessage(HttpMethod.Get, "https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/web/search/suggest?query=What+is+the+capital"); request.Headers.Add("x-api-key", "your-api-key"); request.Content = new StringContent(""); request.Content.Headers.ContentType = new MediaTypeHeaderValue("application/json"); HttpResponseMessage response = await client.SendAsync(request); response.EnsureSuccessStatusCode(); string responseBody = await response.Content.ReadAsStringAsync(); ``` ```json Response { "success": true, "suggestions": [ "what is the capital of california", "what is the capital of australia", "what is the capital of canada", "what is the capital of the united states", "what is the capital of france", "what is the capital of texas", "what is the capital of england", "what is the capital of florida", "what is the capital of new york", "what is the capital of italy", "what is the capital of japan", "what is the capital of alaska", "what is the capital of georgia", "what is the capital of china", "what is the capital gains tax rate" ], "_usage": { "input_tokens": 8, "output_tokens": 134, "inference_time_tokens": 293, "total_tokens": 435 } } ``` # Speech to Text Source: https://jigsawstack.com/docs/examples/audio/speech-to-text Learn how to use JigsawStack's Speech to Text API to transcribe audio and video files ## Overview The Speech to Text API converts audio and video files containing speech into accurate text transcriptions. Powered by the Whisper large V3 AI model, it provides high-quality transcriptions for various applications. The API supports multiple audio formats and offers features like speaker diarization and language translation. * High-accuracy transcription with advanced AI model * Multiple audio format support (MP3, WAV, FLAC, etc.) * Speaker diarization capability (identifying different speakers) * Translation to English from other languages * Support for asynchronous processing via webhooks * Timestamps for each segment of transcription ## API Endpoint ``` POST /v1/ai/transcribe ``` ## Quick Start ```javascript JavaScript import { JigsawStack } from 'jigsawstack'; const jigsaw = new JigsawStack('your-api-key'); // Basic transcription from URL const response = await jigsaw.audio.speech_to_text({ url: "https://example.com/path/to/audio.mp3" }); console.log(response.text); // With speaker diarization const responseWithSpeakers = await jigsaw.audio.speech_to_text({ url: "https://example.com/path/to/audio.mp3", by_speaker: true }); // Display speakers and their text responseWithSpeakers.speakers.forEach(segment => { console.log(`${segment.speaker}: ${segment.text}`); }); ``` ## Response ```json { "success": true, "text": "Welcome to JigsawStack's Speech to Text API demo. This powerful tool converts spoken language into written text with high accuracy.", "chunks": [ { "timestamp": [0.0, 2.2], "text": "Welcome to JigsawStack's Speech to Text API demo." }, { "timestamp": [2.3, 5.24], "text": "This powerful tool converts spoken language into written text with high accuracy." } ], "speakers": [ { "speaker": "Speaker 1", "timestamp": [0.0, 2.2], "text": "Welcome to JigsawStack's Speech to Text API demo." }, { "speaker": "Speaker 1", "timestamp": [2.3, 5.24], "text": "This powerful tool converts spoken language into written text with high accuracy." } ] } ``` ## Examples If you've already uploaded files to JigsawStack's storage: ```javascript Processing Files from Storage // Using a file from JigsawStack storage const result = await jigsaw.audio.speech_to_text({ file_store_key: "uploads/meeting_recording.mp3", by_speaker: true }); ``` To transcribe audio in one language and translate to English: ```javascript Translation Example // Transcribe and translate to English const result = await jigsaw.audio.speech_to_text({ url: "https://example.com/path/to/french_audio.mp3", translate: true }); console.log("Translated text:", result.text); ``` # Text to Speech Source: https://jigsawstack.com/docs/examples/audio/text-to-speech Learn how to use the JigsawStack Text to Speech API to convert text into natural speech ## Overview The Text to Speech API converts written text into natural-sounding speech output. You can use predefined speaker accents or clone a voice from an audio sample to create personalized speech output. * Support for multiple languages and accents * Voice cloning from audio samples * High-quality, natural-sounding output * Simple integration options ## API Endpoint ``` POST /v1/ai/tts ``` ## Quick Start ```javascript Javascript import { JigsawStack } from "jigsawstack"; const jigsaw = JigsawStack({ apiKey: "your-api-key", }); const response = await jigsaw.audio.text_to_speech({ text: "Hello, how are you doing?", accent: "en-US-female-27", }); const data = await response.blob(); ``` See [Speaker Voice Accents](https://jigsawstack.com/docs/additional-resources/speaker-voices) for the complete list of supported speaker voice accents. ## Response The API returns the generated audio file directly in the response body as binary data, typically in MP3 format. ## Using Text to Speech Effectively * **Keep text natural**: Write text that sounds natural when spoken aloud * **Consider punctuation**: Use commas and periods to create natural pauses * **Test different accents**: Try different voice options to find the best fit for your use case * **For voice cloning**: Use high-quality audio samples with minimal background noise ## Examples ```javascript Using Speaker Clone URL import { JigsawStack } from "jigsawstack"; const jigsaw = JigsawStack({ apiKey: "your-api-key", }); const response = await jigsaw.audio.text_to_speech({ text: "Hello, how are you doing?", speaker_clone_url: "https://example.com/path/to/voice-sample.mp3", }); const data = await response.blob(); ``` ```javascript Using File Store Key import { JigsawStack } from "jigsawstack"; import fs from "fs"; const jigsaw = JigsawStack({ apiKey: "your-api-key", }); // Read the audio file const audioFile = fs.readFileSync("./speaker.wav"); // Upload the file const uploadResult = await jigsaw.store.upload(audioFile, { filename: "speaker", }); // Retrieve the file key const fileKey = uploadResult.key; // Use the file key for Text to Speech const response = await jigsaw.audio.text_to_speech({ text: "Hello, how are you doing?", voice_clone_id: fileKey, }); const data = await response.blob(); ``` ## Voice Clone Management JigsawStack provides functionalities to create, list, and delete voice clones for Text to Speech. These voice clones can be reused across multiple text-to-speech requests. ### Create Voice Clone Create a new voice clone from an audio sample. ```javascript Creating a Voice Clone import { JigsawStack } from "jigsawstack"; const jigsaw = JigsawStack({ apiKey: "your-api-key", }); // Using a URL const response = await jigsaw.audio.create_clone({ url: "https://example.com/path/to/voice-sample.mp3", name: "My Custom Voice", }); // OR using a file store key const response = await jigsaw.audio.create_clone({ file_store_key: "your-file-store-key", name: "My Custom Voice", }); console.log(response); // Sample response: // { // "voice_id": "2c57465d-1ffb-42f7-909a-d587bc9f977e", // "name": "My Custom Voice", // "created_at": "2025-05-22T20:49:05.03065+00:00" // } ``` ### List Voice Clones Retrieve a list of all your voice clones. ```javascript Listing Voice Clones import { JigsawStack } from "jigsawstack"; const jigsaw = JigsawStack({ apiKey: "your-api-key", }); // Get all voice clones (default pagination) const response = await jigsaw.audio.list_clones(); // With pagination const response = await jigsaw.audio.list_clones({ limit: 10, // Number of items per page page: 1, // Page number (starting from 1) }); console.log(response); // Sample response: // { // "voice_clones": [ // { // "id": "2c57465d-1ffb-42f7-909a-d587bc9f977e", // "name": "My Custom Voice", // "created_at": "2025-05-22T20:49:05.03065+00:00" // }, // // ... more clones // ], // "page": 1, // "limit": 10, // "has_more": false // } ``` ### Delete Voice Clone Delete a voice clone when you no longer need it. ```javascript Deleting a Voice Clone import { JigsawStack } from "jigsawstack"; const jigsaw = JigsawStack({ apiKey: "your-api-key", }); // Delete a voice clone using its ID const response = await jigsaw.audio.delete_clone("2c57465d-1ffb-42f7-909a-d587bc9f977e"); console.log(response); // Sample response: // { // "status": "success", // "message": "Voice clone deleted successfully" // } ``` ### Using Voice Clones for Text to Speech Once you've created a voice clone, you can use it for text-to-speech by referencing its ID. ```javascript Using a Voice Clone import { JigsawStack } from "jigsawstack"; const jigsaw = JigsawStack({ apiKey: "your-api-key", }); const response = await jigsaw.audio.text_to_speech({ text: "Hello, this is my cloned voice speaking.", voice_clone_id: "2c57465d-1ffb-42f7-909a-d587bc9f977e", }); const data = await response.blob(); ``` # HTML To Any Source: https://jigsawstack.com/docs/examples/computer-vision/screenshot Learn how to capture website screenshots and generate images or PDFs using JigsawStack's HTML To Any API ## Overview The HTML To Any API allows you to capture high-quality screenshots of any webpage or HTML content. This powerful tool enables you to generate images in various formats (PNG, JPEG, WebP) or PDF documents with extensive customization options for different use cases. * High-quality website captures with customizable resolution * Support for multiple output formats (PNG, JPEG, WebP, PDF) * Full-page screenshots that capture entire scrollable content * Dark mode rendering support * Advanced options for PDF generation ## API Endpoint ``` POST /v1/web/html_to_any ``` ## Quick Start ```javascript JavaScript import { JigsawStack } from 'jigsawstack'; import fs from 'fs'; import path from 'path'; const jigsaw = new JigsawStack('your-api-key'); const params = { url: "https://jigsawstack.com", quality: 80, full_page: true, type: "jpeg", dark_mode: true }; const result = await jigsaw.web.html_to_any(params); const buffer = await result.arrayBuffer(); fs.writeFileSync( path.join(__dirname, 'screenshot.jpeg'), Buffer.from(buffer) ); ``` ## Optimizing Performance For faster screenshot generation: ```javascript // Optimize load time by only waiting for essential elements const result = await jigsaw.web.html_to_any({ url: "https://example.com", goto_options: { wait_until: "domcontentloaded", // Faster than waiting for full load timeout: 5000 // Shorter timeout for quicker response }, quality: 70, // Lower quality for faster processing type: "jpeg" // Usually processes faster than PNG }); ``` ### Capturing Single-Page Applications For SPAs or dynamic content that requires extra time to load: ```javascript // Give more time for JavaScript-heavy pages to render const result = await jigsaw.web.html_to_any({ url: "https://dynamic-spa-example.com", goto_options: { wait_until: "networkidle0", // Wait until network is idle timeout: 15000 // Extended timeout for dynamic content }, full_page: true }); ``` ## Common Questions ### What's the difference between capturing by URL vs. HTML? When you provide a URL, the API loads the complete webpage including all external resources like JavaScript, CSS, and images. When you provide HTML directly, you need to ensure all resources are either embedded or accessible via absolute URLs. ### How long does the API wait for a page to load? By default, the API waits for the window\.load event with a timeout of 15 seconds. You can customize this behavior using the goto\_options parameter to wait for different events like domcontentloaded or networkidle0. # vOCR Source: https://jigsawstack.com/docs/examples/computer-vision/vocr Extract data from any document type in a consistent structure with fine-tuned vLLMs for the highest accuracy. ## Introduction The vOCR is a robust Object Character Recognition (OCR) API, enhanced with fine-tuned vLLMs, designed to efficiently extract data from various document types in a consistent structure. **vOCR** shines at the following: * KYC Automation: Streamlines the verification process by extracting Personally Identifiable Information (PII) from documents to verify customer identity. * Financial Data Extraction: Automates the extraction of financial data from statements, reports, and other financial documents for analysis and reporting. * Healthcare Records Management: Extracts patient information, medical history, and treatment details from healthcare records for efficient data management and analysis. * Classification Engines: Facilitates accurate categorization and organization of extracted data. Let's see the vOCR in action by building a data extractor. ## Initial requirements * Setup a JigsawStack account (if you don't have an account already) * Get your JigsawStack API key from [here](https://jigsawstack.com/dashboard). ### Request ```javascript JavaScript import { JigsawStack } from "jigsawstack"; const jigsawstack = JigsawStack({ apiKey: "your-api-key", }); const result = await jigsawstack.vision.vocr({ prompt: ["Title", "Description"], url: "https://res.cloudinary.com/dev-ninja/image/upload/v1712567895/webhooks_qaaslj.png" }); ``` ### Response ```json { "success": true, "context": { "Title": [ "Webhook Trigger" ], "Description": [ "Select events that will trigger the webhook will listen to. At least one event must be selected.", "Success logs", "Error logs", "Endpoint", "Create" ] }, "width": 2880, "height": 1800, "tags": [ "text", "screenshot", "software", "multimedia software", "graphics software" ], "has_text": true, "sections": [ { "text": "", "lines": [] } ] } ``` Find more information on vOCR API [here](/docs/api-reference/ai/vocr) # NSFW Detection Source: https://jigsawstack.com/docs/examples/content-validation/nsfw Learn how to use the JigsawStack NSFW Detection API to identify inappropriate images ## Overview The NSFW (Not Safe For Work) Detection API helps you identify potentially inappropriate images, including nudity, violence, and explicit content. This API is essential for applications that need to maintain content standards, protect users from offensive material, or comply with platform guidelines. * High-accuracy detection of explicit visual content * Multiple content categories detection (nudity, gore, etc.) * Fast analysis response times * Simple integration with any image source * Confidence scores for detailed risk assessment ## API Endpoint ``` POST /v1/validate/nsfw ``` ## Initial requirements * Setup a JigsawStack account (if you don't have an account already) * Get your API key from here. * Install the Node.js SDK ## Check a file ```javascript Javascript import { JigsawStack } from "jigsawstack"; const jigsawstack = JigsawStack({ apiKey: "your-api-key", }); const url = ""; const result = await jigsawstack.validate.nsfw(url); console.log(result); ``` ## Sample result ```json { "success": true, "nsfw": false, "nudity": false, "gore": false, "nudity_score": 0.005777647718787193, "nsfw_score": 0.004729619482532144, "gore_score": 0.003681591246277094 } ``` # Image Generation Source: https://jigsawstack.com/docs/examples/core-ai/image-generation Learn how use JigsawStack SDK to generate a images Generate an image based on the given text by automatically employing AI models like Flux, Stable Diffusion, DALL·E, and other top models. ## Quick Start ```javascript Javascript import { JigsawStack } from "jigsawstack"; const jigsaw = JigsawStack({ apiKey: "your-api-key" }); const response = await jigsaw.image_generation({ prompt: "A serene mountain landscape at sunset", aspect_ratio: "16:9", steps: 30 }); console.log(response); ``` ### Specify the image aspect ratio You can specify different aspect ratios for your generated images. Here are the supported ratios and their common use cases: | Aspect Ratio | Common Use Cases | | ------------ | ------------------------------------ | | `1:1` | Social media posts, profile pictures | | `16:9` | YouTube thumbnails, presentations | | `21:9` | Ultrawide displays, cinematic shots | | `3:2` | Digital photography, postcards | | `2:3` | Mobile phone wallpapers, book covers | | `4:5` | Instagram portraits | | `5:4` | Photo prints, desktop wallpapers | | `3:4` | Digital displays, e-reader content | | `4:3` | Traditional computer displays | | `9:16` | Mobile-first content, stories | | `9:21` | Vertical ultrawide displays | ## Writing Effective Prompts * **Be Specific**: Instead of "a cat", try "a fluffy orange tabby cat sleeping on a windowsill in soft morning light" * **Include Details**: Mention style, lighting, perspective, and mood * **Use Artistic References**: Include terms like "digital art", "oil painting", or "photography" * **Avoid Negatives**: Instead of saying what you don't want, focus on what you do want ## Example ```javascript Generate an Artistic Portrait import { JigsawStack } from "jigsawstack"; const jigsaw = JigsawStack({ apiKey: "your-api-key" }); const response = await jigsaw.image_generation({ prompt: "Create an image of a vast, futuristic cathedral-like interior with towering stained glass windows casting vibrant blue and orange light. In the center, a majestic, ethereal whale floats gracefully, its body shimmering with a mosaic of colors reflecting the stained glass. Surrounding the whale are several large, translucent, glowing crystals suspended in mid-air, each reflecting the ambient light. On the ground, a few small human figures stand in awe, emphasizing the scale and grandeur of the scene. The atmosphere is mystical and otherworldly, blending elements of fantasy and science fiction", aspect_ratio: "16:9", steps: 30 }); console.log(response); ``` # Prompt Engine Source: https://jigsawstack.com/docs/examples/core-ai/prompt-engine Run any prompt and get the optimal model to execute it without worrying about GPUs, tokens, or rate limits—it just works effortlessly. ## Overview JigsawStack Prompt Engine is a powerfult API built from the ground up to execute any prompt or instruction seamlessly. It intelligently selects the best model from a cluster of state-of-the-art models, allowing you to focus on results without worrying about GPUs, tokens, or rate limits. prompt engine The **Prompt Engine** takes in three things: the prompt, dynamic variables, and the output structure you expect every single time you run the prompt. The last two are optional. The **Prompt Engine** automatically enhances the initial prompt to improve accuracy, reduce token usage, and prevent output structure breakage. The **Prompt Engine** is great for a variety of task which include: * Intelligent AI agents or Chatbots. * Automations and workflows. * Data extraction and analysis. * Complex natural language processing ### The Prompt Engine can be utilized in two ways: 1. Creating and running a reusable prompt (recommended) 2. Executing a prompt directly Let’s explore these approaches by evaluating job application entries to determine if candidates meet the necessary job requirements. ## Initial requirements * Setup a JigsawStack account (if you don't have an account already) * Get your JigsawStack API key from [here](https://jigsawstack.com/dashboard). * Install the [Node.js SDK](/docs/quick-start/node/introduction) ### Approach 1 - Creating and executing a reusable prompt (recommended) #### - Create the prompt ```javascript prompt.ts import { JigsawStack } from "jigsawstack"; // initialize the JigsawStack SDK const jigsawstack = JigsawStack({ apiKey: "your-api-key", }); // Create a reusable prompt const params = { prompt: "Given this candidate's experience:{experience}, determine if she should be considered for the Senior Fullstack Mobile Engineer Role with React Native, Node.js, AWS, Next.js, Typescript", inputs: [ { key: "experience", optional: false, }, ], return_prompt: { experienceWithNodejs: "Return true, if candidate has 4 years and above experience with Node.js. Else return false", seniorInReactNative: "Return true if candidate has 6 years and above experience building apps with React Native", sectorExperience: "Return sector the candidate has the most experience in. Example of sector include: Fintech, Edtech, blockchain, Ecommerce, etc.", }, }; const result = await jigsawstack.prompt_engine.create(params); const prompt_id = result.prompt_engine_id; console.log(prompt_id); ``` #### - Run the prompt ```javascript // Execute the prompt using the prompt id const result = await jigsawstack.prompt_engine.run({ id: prompt_id, input_values: { experience: "As a seasoned React Native Developer with 4 years of experience, I have a proven track record in building high-quality mobile applications. Over the past 2 years, I have also gained substantial expertise in Node.js, enhancing my ability to develop robust backend services. My proficiency in TypeScript, acquired over the last year, further strengthens my development skills. In my most recent role in the Fintech sector, I successfully contributed to creating secure and efficient financial applications, demonstrating my ability to thrive in dynamic and challenging environments. My comprehensive skill set ensures seamless integration and functionality across diverse platforms.", }, }); // Here is the sample result { "success": true, "result": { "experienceWithNodejs": true, "seniorInReactNative": false, "sectorExperience": "Fintech" } } ``` ### Approach 2 - Executing the prompt directly ```javascript run_prompt_direct.ts import { JigsawStack } from "jigsawstack"; // initialize the JigsawStack SDK const jigsawstack = JigsawStack({ apiKey: "your-api-key", }); const params = { prompt: "Given this candidate's experience:{experience}, determine if she should be considered for the Senior Fullstack Mobile Engineer Role with React Native, Node.js, AWS, Next.js, Typescript", inputs: [ { key: "experience", optional: false, }, ], return_prompt: { experienceWithNodejs: "Return true, if candidate has 4 years and above experience with Node.js. Else return false", seniorInReactNative: "Return true if candidate has 6 years and above experience building apps with React Native", sectorExperience: "Return sector the candidate has the most experience in. Example of sector include: Fintech, Edtech, blockchain, Ecommerce, etc.", }, }; // Execute prompt outrightly const result = await jigsawstack.prompt_engine.run_prompt_direct(params); // Here is the sample result { "success": true, "result": { "experienceWithNodejs": true, "seniorInReactNative": false, "sectorExperience": "Fintech" } } ``` That's it! We've used the Prompt Engine API to automatically evaluate job applications. ### Recommendations * For prompts that will be used multiple times, it is recommended to first [Create](/docs/api-reference/prompt-engine/create) the prompt and then [Run](/docs/api-reference/prompt-engine/run) it using the prompt ID for better reliability. * [Run Prompt Direct](/docs/api-reference/prompt-engine/run-direct) is ideal for one-time use. Find more information on Prompt Engine API [here](/docs/api-reference/prompt-engine/create) # Sentiment Analysis Source: https://jigsawstack.com/docs/examples/core-ai/sentiment Learn how to use the JigsawStack Sentiment Analysis API to analyze text sentiment and emotions ## Overview The Sentiment Analysis API analyzes text to determine the emotional tone, providing detailed sentiment scoring and classification. This powerful tool detects positive, negative, and neutral sentiment along with specific emotions like joy, sadness, anger, and more. * Instant sentiment scoring and classification * Detailed emotion detection with sentence-level analysis * Contextual understanding of language * Support for multiple languages * High accuracy with natural language ## API Endpoint ``` POST /v1/ai/sentiment ``` ## Quick Start ```javascript Javascript import { JigsawStack } from 'jigsawstack'; const jigsaw = new JigsawStack('your-api-key'); const response = await jigsaw.ai.sentiment({ text: "The customer service was excellent, and I really enjoyed the product!" }); console.log(response); ``` ## Response ```json { "success": true, "sentiment": { "emotion": "happiness", "sentiment": "positive", "score": 0.92, "sentences": [ { "text": "The customer service was excellent,", "emotion": "satisfaction", "sentiment": "positive", "score": 0.90 }, { "text": "and I really enjoyed the product!", "emotion": "happiness", "sentiment": "positive", "score": 0.94 } ] } } ``` ## Optimizing Sentiment Analysis For best results with the Sentiment Analysis API: 1. **Provide sufficient context**: Longer text with complete context generally produces more accurate sentiment analysis than short, fragmented content 2. **Consider language nuances**: The API handles various languages and cultural expressions, but providing clear, well-structured text improves accuracy 3. **Use sentence-level analysis**: The API automatically breaks down text into sentences, allowing you to identify sentiment shifts within a single piece of content 4. **Optimal length**: Aim for 10-100 words for best results (maximum 5000 characters per request) ## Example ```javascript Customer Feedback Analyzer // Example: Analyze customer feedback async function analyzeCustomerFeedback(feedbackText) { const response = await jigsaw.ai.sentiment({ text: feedbackText }); // Find the most negative sentence const mostNegativeSentence = response.sentiment.sentences.reduce( (mostNegative, current) => { if (current.sentiment === "negative" && (mostNegative === null || current.score < mostNegative.score)) { return current; } return mostNegative; }, null ); return { overallSentiment: response.sentiment.sentiment, overallScore: response.sentiment.score, mostNegativeAspect: mostNegativeSentence ? mostNegativeSentence.text : null }; } // Usage const feedback = "Overall I liked the product. However, the shipping was delayed by two weeks. The customer service was helpful in resolving the issue."; const analysis = await analyzeCustomerFeedback(feedback); console.log(analysis); ``` # Text Summarization Source: https://jigsawstack.com/docs/examples/core-ai/summary Learn how to use JigsawStack's Summarization API to create concise summaries of long-form content ## Overview The Summarization API allows you to generate concise, accurate summaries of longer text content. Whether you're working with articles, documents, reports, or any long-form content, our API helps extract the essential information while maintaining context and meaning. * Transform long content into clear, concise summaries * Maintain key points and semantic meaning * Support for text, URL, and file inputs * Flexible output formats (paragraph or bullet points) * Process PDF documents directly from URLs or storage ## API Endpoint ``` POST /v1/ai/summary ``` ## Quick Start ```javascript JavaScript import { JigsawStack } from 'jigsawstack'; const jigsaw = new JigsawStack('your-api-key'); // Text summary example const response = await jigsaw.ai.summary({ text: "The renewable energy sector saw unprecedented growth in 2022, with solar and wind installation rates exceeding forecasts by 25%. Despite supply chain challenges related to the pandemic, global clean energy investment topped $500 billion for the first time. Notably, several major oil companies increased their renewable investments, with commitments to achieve carbon neutrality by 2050. However, challenges remain, including grid integration issues, regulatory hurdles in developing markets, and the need for advanced energy storage solutions. Experts project continued acceleration through 2023, particularly in utility-scale solar and offshore wind development." }); console.log(response); // Bullet point summary example const bulletResponse = await jigsaw.ai.summary({ text: "The renewable energy sector saw unprecedented growth in 2022...", type: "points", max_points: 5 }); console.log(bulletResponse); ``` ## Response ```json Text Summary Response { "success": true, "summary": "Renewable energy had record growth in 2022 with solar and wind exceeding forecasts, despite pandemic-related supply chain issues. Global clean energy investment surpassed $500 billion for the first time, with major oil companies investing in renewables to reach carbon neutrality by 2050. Challenges include grid integration, regulatory barriers, and energy storage needs. Growth is expected to continue in 2023, especially in utility-scale solar and offshore wind." } ``` ```json Bullet Points Response { "success": true, "summary": [ "Renewable energy growth exceeded forecasts by 25% in 2022", "Global clean energy investment topped $500 billion", "Major oil companies committed to carbon neutrality by 2050", "Challenges include grid integration, regulations, and energy storage", "Growth expected to continue in utility-scale solar and offshore wind" ] } ``` ## Optimizing Summary Quality For best results with the Summarization API: 1. **Provide sufficient context**: Longer text with complete context generally produces better summaries than short, fragmented content 2. **Choose the right format**: Use `type: "text"` for narrative content and `type: "points"` for factual or structured information 3. **Adjust max\_points**: When using bullet points, adjust the `max_points` parameter based on content complexity (more complex content may need more points) 4. **Consider the source**: For PDFs, ensure they're text-based rather than image-based for best results ## Example ```javascript Research Paper Assistant // Example: Process research papers from PDFs async function createResearchSummaries(paperUrl) { // Generate a text summary from the PDF URL const textSummary = await jigsaw.ai.summary({ url: paperUrl, type: "text", max_characters: 1000 }); // Generate key points from the same PDF const keyPoints = await jigsaw.ai.summary({ url: paperUrl, type: "points", max_points: 10 }); return { fullSummary: textSummary.summary, keyPoints: keyPoints.summary }; } ``` # Prediction Source: https://jigsawstack.com/docs/examples/data/prediction Learn how to use JigsawStack's Prediction API to forecast time series data ## Overview The Prediction API allows you to forecast time series data with minimal effort. Unlike traditional machine learning approaches that require model training and parameter tuning, our API automatically analyzes your data patterns and generates accurate predictions in seconds. * No model training required * Single API call for instant predictions * Works with any time-based numerical data * Automatically detects seasonality and trends * Supports business forecasting, IoT analytics, and market analysis * Ideal for resource planning and demand forecasting ## API Endpoint ``` POST /v1/ai/prediction ``` ## Quick Start ```javascript Javascript import { JigsawStack } from "jigsawstack"; const jigsaw = JigsawStack({ apiKey: "your-api-key" }); const response = await jigsaw.prediction({ dataset: [ { date: "2023-01-01", value: 353459 }, { date: "2023-01-02", value: 313734 }, { date: "2023-01-03", value: 333774 }, { date: "2023-01-04", value: 348636 }, { date: "2023-01-05", value: 278903 } ], steps: 3 }); console.log(response); ``` ## Response ```json { "success": true, "prediction": [ { "date": "2023-01-06 00:00:00", "value": 316329.9375 }, { "date": "2023-01-07 00:00:00", "value": 320094.71875 }, { "date": "2023-01-08 00:00:00", "value": 315214.5625 } ], "steps": 3 } ``` ## Data Requirements For optimal prediction accuracy, follow these guidelines: * **Consistent intervals**: Data points should follow a regular pattern (daily, hourly, etc.) * **Clean data**: Remove outliers or abnormal values that could skew predictions * **Sufficient history**: More historical data generally leads to better predictions * **Complete series**: Avoid gaps in your time series when possible ## Best Practices * **Start small and iterate**: Begin with a small dataset to test your integration before scaling up * **Validate predictions**: Compare API predictions with actual outcomes to calibrate expectations * **Combine with domain knowledge**: Enhance predictions by incorporating business context and external factors * **Update regularly**: Periodically refresh your models with new data to maintain accuracy ## Limitations * The prediction model works best with time series data that exhibits patterns or seasonality * Extreme events or disruptions in patterns may reduce prediction accuracy * Maximum forecast is limited to 500 steps ahead ## Sample Dataset A dataset must be an array of objects containing keys `date` and `value`. ```javascript type Dataset = { date: string, value: number | string, }; const dataset: Array = [ { date: "2023-01-01", value: 353459 }, { date: "2023-01-02", value: 313734 }, { date: "2023-01-03", value: 333774 }, { date: "2023-01-04", value: 348636 }, { date: "2023-01-05", value: 278903 }, ]; ``` For personalized assistance, contact our support team at [support@jigsawstack.com](mailto:support@jigsawstack.com). # Text To SQL Source: https://jigsawstack.com/docs/examples/data/text-to-sql JigsawStack Text to SQL example. ## Overview In this example, we will use the Text to SQL API to query transactions records stored in an SQL database on [Dzero](https://dzero.dev/dashboard) using prompts. ## Initial Steps * Setup a JigsawStack account (if you don't have an account already) * Get your JigsawStack API key from [here](https://jigsawstack.com/dashboard). * \[Optional] Obtain your Dzero token from [here](https://dzero.dev/dashboard). ### SQL Schema > A valid schema is passed to the `sql_schema` parameter as a string. The model uses this schema to generate an accurate SQL statement based on the given prompt. Below is an example of valid schema: ```sql CREATE TABLE transactions ( id TEXT UNIQUE NOT NULL DEFAULT ( lower(hex(randomblob(4))) || '-' || lower(hex(randomblob(2))) || '-4' || substr(lower(hex(randomblob(2))), 2) || '-' || substr('89ab', abs(random()) % 4 + 1, 1) || substr(lower(hex(randomblob(2))), 2) || '-' || lower(hex(randomblob(6))) ), created_at DATETIME NOT NULL DEFAULT (datetime('now', 'subsec')), amount NUMERIC NOT NULL, user_id TEXT NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (id)); ``` This schema was copied from the Dzero dashboard after the table was created. ## How to retrieve schema #### SQLite > Run this query to retrieve a schema for your SQLite database. ```SQL SELECT sql,name FROM sqlite_schema WHERE type='table' AND sql NOT NULL ``` #### MySQL ```SQL SELECT CONCAT('SHOW CREATE TABLE ', table_name, ';') FROM information_schema.tables WHERE table_schema = 'your_database_name'; ``` #### PostgreSQL ```SQL SELECT 'CREATE TABLE ' || table_name || ' (' || string_agg( column_name || ' ' || data_type || CASE WHEN character_maximum_length IS NOT NULL THEN '(' || character_maximum_length || ')' ELSE '' END || CASE WHEN is_nullable = 'NO' THEN ' NOT NULL' ELSE '' END, ', ' ) || ');' AS create_table_statement FROM information_schema.columns WHERE table_schema = 'your_database_name' GROUP BY table_schema, table_name; ``` ### After getting schema (optional) > If you are performing the operation above in node.js, you can consider the following below: ```javascript const fullSchema = schemas.map((s) => s.sql).join("\n\n"); // Then use the full schema on guide below. ``` ### Usage ```javascript sql.ts type TextToSQLParams = { prompt: string, sql_schema: string, }; type TextToSQLResult = { success: boolean, sql: string, }; type BodyParams = { prompt: string, }; import { JigsawStack } from "jigsawstack"; const jigsawstack = JigsawStack({ apiKey: "your-api-key", }); export const POST = async (request: Request) => { try { const params: BodyParams = await request.json(); // SQL schema const schema = `CREATE TABLE transactions ( id TEXT UNIQUE NOT NULL DEFAULT ( lower(hex(randomblob(4))) || '-' || lower(hex(randomblob(2))) || '-4' || substr(lower(hex(randomblob(2))), 2) || '-' || substr('89ab', abs(random()) % 4 + 1, 1) || substr(lower(hex(randomblob(2))), 2) || '-' || lower(hex(randomblob(6))) ), created_at DATETIME NOT NULL DEFAULT (datetime('now', 'subsec')), amount NUMERIC NOT NULL, user_id TEXT NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (id))`; const payload: TextToSQLParams = { prompt: params.prompt, sql_schema: schema, }; const data: TextToSQLResult = await jigsawstack.text_to_sql(payload); // Makes DB call with translated query // Instead of using Dzero, you can use any SQL DB service of your choice. const dbResponse = await fetch("https://db.dzero.dev", { method: "POST", headers: { token: "", "content-type": "application/json", }, body: JSON.stringify({ sql: data.sql, }), }); const resp = await dbResponse.json(); return Response.json( { results: resp.results, }, { status: 200, } ); } catch (error) { handleError(error); } }; ``` Find more information on Text to SQL API [here](/docs/api-reference/ai/text-to-sql) # File Upload Source: https://jigsawstack.com/docs/examples/file-management/file-upload Learn how to upload files to JigsawStack File Storage and use them across different APIs ## Overview The JigsawStack File Storage API allows you to easily upload, manage, and serve files for your applications. Files are stored securely and can be accessed via URL, making it an ideal solution for image uploads, document storage, or any file-handling needs in your applications. > **Note**: The file upload method is ideal for files up to 100MB in size. * Secure file storage with fine-grained access control * Simple integration with other JigsawStack APIs * Automatic content-type detection * Support for overwriting existing files * Customizable file accessibility ## API Endpoint The File Storage API is accessed through the SDK's `store.upload` method. ## Quick Start ```javascript JavaScript import { JigsawStack } from 'jigsawstack'; import fs from 'fs'; const jigsaw = new JigsawStack('your-api-key'); // Your public key for making files accessible const publicKey = "your-public-key"; // Read file data const imageFile = fs.readFileSync("./beach_house.png"); // Upload the file const result = await jigsaw.store.upload(imageFile, { filename: "beach_house.png", }); // Create a publicly accessible URL const publicFileUrl = `${result.url}?x-api-key=${publicKey}`; console.log("Upload result:", result); console.log("Public URL:", publicFileUrl); ``` ## Advanced Usage By default, trying to upload a file with a name that already exists will return an error. To replace an existing file, use the `overwrite` parameter: ```javascript Overwriting Existing Files const result = await jigsaw.store.upload(imageFile, { filename: "beach_house.png", overwrite: true }); ``` While the API automatically detects the content type of uploaded files, you can explicitly set it with the `content_type` parameter: ```javascript Specifying Content Type const result = await jigsaw.store.upload(imageFile, { filename: "beach_house.png", content_type: "image/png" }); ``` Uploaded files are private by default. To make a file accessible without authentication, append your public key to the URL: ```javascript Making Files Publicly Accessible const publicFileUrl = `${result.url}?x-api-key=${publicKey}`; ``` You can use an uploaded file with other JigsawStack APIs by referencing its `key` in the `file_store_key` parameter: ```javascript Using Uploaded Files with Other JigsawStack APIs // JavaScript example: Upload an image and use it with Vision OCR const uploadResult = await jigsaw.store.upload(imageFile, { filename: "receipt.jpg" }); // Use the uploaded image with the Vision OCR API const ocrResult = await jigsaw.vision.vocr({ prompt: "Extract all text from this receipt", file_store_key: uploadResult.key }); ``` # Text Translation Source: https://jigsawstack.com/docs/examples/translate/text-translation Learn how to use the JigsawStack Translation API to translate text between 100+ languages ## Overview The Translation API provides fast, accurate translation between more than 100 languages. Designed for developers looking to build multilingual applications without complex setup, our translation service allows you to integrate language capabilities with just a few lines of code. * Support for 100+ languages * High-quality translations with context awareness * Automatic language detection * Batch translation support (translate multiple strings at once) * Specialized vocabulary handling ## API Endpoint ``` POST /v1/ai/translate ``` ## Quick Start ```javascript JavaScript import { JigsawStack } from 'jigsawstack'; const jigsaw = new JigsawStack('your-api-key'); const response = await jigsaw.ai.translate({ text: "Hello, how are you today?", target_language: "es" }); console.log(response); ``` ## Response Example ```json { "success": true, "translated_text": "Hola, ¿cómo estás hoy?", "detected_language": "en" } ``` ## Supported Languages The Translation API supports over 100 languages. Here are some of the most commonly used: | Code | Language | Code | Language | Code | Language | | ---- | -------- | ---- | -------- | ---- | ---------- | | ar | Arabic | fr | French | pt | Portuguese | | bn | Bengali | de | German | ru | Russian | | zh | Chinese | hi | Hindi | es | Spanish | | en | English | ja | Japanese | sw | Swahili | | fi | Finnish | ko | Korean | tr | Turkish | For a complete list of supported languages, please visit our [Language Codes Reference](https://jigsawstack.com/docs/additional-resources/languages). ## Example You can translate multiple strings at once by passing an array: ```javascript Batch Translation Example const response = await jigsaw.ai.translate({ text: [ "Hello, how are you?", "What is your name?", "Welcome to our service!" ], target_language: "fr" }); console.log(response); // { // success: true, // translated_text: [ // "Bonjour, comment allez-vous ?", // "Comment vous appelez-vous ?", // "Bienvenue dans notre service !" // ], // detected_language: "en" // } ``` # Webhook Intro Source: https://jigsawstack.com/docs/examples/web/introduction Webhooks on JigsawStack. ## Overview Webhooks are used to push real-time data to you about changes(updates) to certain API requests. All webhooks use HTTPS and deliver a JSON payload that can be used by your application. You can use webhook feeds to do things like: * Create alerts in your messaging or incident tools based on event types * Store all payload events in your own database for custom reporting/retention * Update the status of an async request in your application. ## Getting Started Create a webhook endpoint to receive requests on your server. E.g `https://your-domain.com/api/webhook` Attach your webhook endpoint to the body parameters of an API that supports webhooks. See example below: ```javascript const endpoint = "https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/ai/transcribe"; const options = { method: "POST", headers: { "Content-Type": "application/json", "x-api-key": "", // Replace with your actual API key. }, body: JSON.stringify({ url: "https://rogilvkqloanxtvjfrkm.supabase.co/storage/v1/object/public/demo/Video%201737458382653833217.mp4?t=2024-03-22T09%3A50%3A49.894Z", webhook_url: "https://your-domain.com/api/webhook", // Replace with your actual webhook URL. }), }; const result = await fetch(endpoint, options); const data = await result.json(); ``` #### Response ```json { "success": false, "status": "success", "id": "35643965633a84534a396dcc11252cd1", "text": "Hey guys, I'm pretty excited to talk about a new API that we're going to be releasing in Jigsaw Stack. It's our AI Scrape API, which can basically scrape any website by just prompting and giving you back structured data consistently, no matter the site." "chunks":[ { "timestamp": [ 0.96, 7.2 ], "text": " Hey guys, I'm pretty excited to talk about a new API that we're going to be releasing in Jigsaw" }, ... ] } ``` ### Webhook logs To enable webhook for the Logs, follow the steps below: * Under the Settings tab in your dashboard, select Webhook * Enable the type of logs to receive i.e `Success logs` or `Error logs` * Add webhook URL in the endpoint field. * Click `Create` button to save. Add Webhook URL Hurray! You can now receive log events. To secure your webhook, follow this guide [Secure Webhook](/docs/learn/webhook/secure) # Secure Webhook Source: https://jigsawstack.com/docs/examples/web/secure Securing your webhook. ## Overview Webhooks are not secured by default. To secure your webhook involve the steps below: * Generate a webhook key * Attach it as a parameter in the webhook URL * Verify webhook key on your server. ## Example Generate a random secured webhook key. ```javascript function generateHmacKey(secret, payload) { return crypto.createHmac("sha256", secret).update(payload).digest("hex"); } const webhookKey = generateHmacKey(secretKey, "leaning tower of pisa"); ``` Add the key as a query parameter to your webhook URL ```javascript const webhookUrl = "https://your-domain.com/webhook?webhookKey=${webhookKey}"; ``` Attach webhook to request payload. ```javascript const endpoint = "https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/ai/transcribe"; const options = { method: "POST", headers: { "Content-Type": "application/json", "x-api-key": "", // Replace with your actual API key. }, body: JSON.stringify({ url: "https://rogilvkqloanxtvjfrkm.supabase.co/storage/v1/object/public/demo/Video%201737458382653833217.mp4?t=2024-03-22T09%3A50%3A49.894Z", webhook_url: webhookUrl, // Replace with your actual webhook URL. }), }; const result = await fetch(endpoint, options); const data = await result.json(); ``` Verify webhook key on your server. ```javascript app.post("/webhook", (req, res) => { const receivedHmac = req.query["webhookKey"]; // Generate HMAC const generatedHmac = generateHmacKey(secretKey, "learning tower of pisa"); // Verify the HMAC if (receivedHmac === generatedHmac) { console.log("Webhook verified and processed:", req.body); res.status(200).send("Webhook verified and processed"); } else { console.log("Webhook verification failed"); res.status(401).send("Webhook verification failed"); } }); ``` # AI Web Scraper Source: https://jigsawstack.com/docs/examples/web/web-scraper Learn how to use JigsawStack's AI Web Scraper to intelligently extract specific information from any website ## Overview The AI Web Scraper API allows you to extract specific information from any website using natural language prompts. Unlike traditional web scrapers that require complex CSS selectors or XPath expressions, our AI-powered scraper lets you describe what data you want in plain English, then intelligently extracts it from the page. * Extract data using simple natural language prompts * No need for complex selectors, XPath, or DOM knowledge * Works with dynamic websites and JavaScript-rendered content * Handles various data structures (text, lists, tables) * Adapts to changing website layouts ## API Endpoint ``` POST /v1/ai/scrape ``` ## Quick Start ```javascript Javascript import { JigsawStack } from "jigsawstack"; const jigsaw = JigsawStack({ apiKey: "your-api-key" }); const response = await jigsaw.scrape({ url: "https://example.com", element_prompts: [ { name: "title", selector: "h1" }, { name: "description", selector: "meta[name='description']", attribute: "content" } ] }); console.log(response); ``` ## Response ```json { "success": true, "data": { "product name": "UltraPhone Pro X5", "current price": "$899.99", "average rating": "4.7/5", "available colors": ["Midnight Black", "Ocean Blue", "Silver", "Rose Gold"], "key specifications": { "processor": "OctoCore X3 4.5GHz", "memory": "12GB RAM", "storage": "256GB", "display": "6.7-inch AMOLED", "camera": "108MP quad camera system", "battery": "5000mAh" } }, "page_position": 1, "status_code": 200 } ``` ## Writing Effective Prompts The quality of your element prompts significantly affects extraction accuracy. Follow these guidelines: 1. **Be specific**: Instead of "price", use "current sale price" or "subscription price per month" 2. **Provide context**: Use "number of rooms available" instead of just "number" 3. **Specify format when needed**: "Release date in YYYY-MM-DD format" or "price in USD" 4. **Clarify structure**: "List of ingredients" indicates you expect an array return ## Example ```javascript Handling Dynamic Content // Example: Scraping a page that loads content dynamically const response = await jigsaw.ai.scrape({ url: "https://example.com/dynamic-content", // Wait for a specific element that indicates content is loaded wait_for: { mode: "selector", value: ".content-loaded" }, element_prompts: [ "main article title", "article publication date", "author name", "full article text" ] }); ``` # Web Search Source: https://jigsawstack.com/docs/examples/web/web-search Learn how to use JigsawStack's Web Search API to access high-quality search results with built-in geo search capabilities ## Overview The Web Search API provides access to high-quality search results with built-in AI overviews, comprehensive metadata, and geo-spatial search capabilities. This API makes it easy to integrate powerful search functionality into your applications while also providing location-based context for search queries. * Get comprehensive search results with rich metadata * AI-generated overviews for quick content digestion * Built-in geo search capabilities for location-aware applications * Safe search filtering options * Customizable search parameters ## API Endpoint ``` POST /v1/web/search ``` ## Quick Start ```javascript Javascript import { JigsawStack } from "jigsawstack"; const jigsaw = JigsawStack({ apiKey: "your-api-key" }); const response = await jigsaw.web.search({ query: "capital of France", ai_overview: true, safe_search: "moderate" }); console.log(response); console.log(response.geo_results[0].geoloc); ``` ## Response ```json { "success": true, "query": "capital of France", "ai_overview": "The capital of France is Paris. It has been the capital since its liberation in 1944.", "is_safe": true, "results": [ { "title": "List of capitals of France - Wikipedia", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_capitals_of_France", "description": "This is a chronological list of capitals of France. The capital of France has been Paris since its liberation in 1944...", "content": "List of capitals of France\nContents\nChronology\nReferences\nThis is a chronological list of capitals of France. The capital of France has been Paris since its liberation in 1944...", "site_name": "Wikipedia", "site_long_name": "en.wikipedia.org", "age": "2023-12-02T17:44:00.000Z", "language": "en", "image_urls": [], "is_safe": true, "favicon": "https://t1.gstatic.com/faviconV2?client=SOCIAL&type=FAVICON&fallback_opts=TYPE,SIZE,URL&url=https://en.wikipedia.org&size=96", "snippets": [...] }, // Additional results... ], "geo_results": [ { "type": "place", "name": "Paris", "place_formatted": "France", "country": {...}, "language": "need_request_lang", "geoloc": { "type": "Point", "coordinates": [42.947813, 1.957948] }, "additional_properties": {} }, // Additional geo results... ], "image_urls": [...] } ``` ## Search Parameters | Parameter | Type | Description | | -------------- | ------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------- | | `query` | string | The search query (1-400 characters) | | `spell_check` | boolean | Enable or disable spell check (default: true) | | `safe_search` | string | Safe search level: "strict", "moderate", or "off" (default: "moderate") | | `ai_overview` | boolean | Include AI-generated overview of results (default: true) | | `byo_urls` | array | Optional array of up to 3 URLs to include in search results | | `country_code` | string | ISO-3 country code to localize search results | | `auto_scrape` | boolean | Automatically scrape and extract content from results (default: true) | ## Working with Geo Results The API automatically includes geolocation data when relevant to your search query. The `geo_results` array contains location information with the following structure: * `type`: Type of location (place, street, etc.) * `name`: Name of the location * `place_formatted`: Formatted place name * `country`: Country information * `geoloc`: GeoJSON object with coordinates * Additional fields depending on the location type ## Examples ### Basic Search ```javascript const basicSearch = await jigsaw.web.search({ query: "best restaurants in New York", }); console.log(basicSearch.ai_overview); console.log(basicSearch.results.length); ``` ### Location-Based Search ```javascript const locationSearch = await jigsaw.web.search({ query: "nearest national parks", country_code: "USA", }); // Access geo results locationSearch.geo_results.forEach(location => { console.log(`${location.name}: ${location.geoloc.coordinates}`); }); ``` ### Custom URL Inclusion ```javascript const customSearch = await jigsaw.web.search({ query: "climate change solutions", byo_urls: [ "https://www.un.org/en/climatechange/", "https://climate.nasa.gov/solutions/resources/" ], ai_overview: true }); ``` ## Tips for Effective Searches 1. **Be specific**: More detailed queries yield more precise results 2. **Use location context**: For geo-aware searches, include location names in your query 3. **Leverage AI overviews**: Enable `ai_overview` to get concise summaries of search results 4. **Filter appropriately**: Use `safe_search` levels based on your application needs 5. **Consider rate limits**: Be mindful of your API usage limits, especially for high-volume applications # ARES Source: https://jigsawstack.com/docs/integration/aries JigsawStack AI Search powers ARES for enhanced AI capabilities Powered by ARES We're excited to announce our strategic partnership with [ARES](https://www.getares.ai/), bringing JigsawStack's powerful AI Search capabilities to their cutting-edge platform. With the ARES 3.20 update, users now have access to enhanced AI models powered by JigsawStack Search technology. ## Enhanced AI Models ### GPT-4o + JigsawStack Search GPT-4o, OpenAI's most advanced model, now leverages JigsawStack Search to access the latest information from across the web, providing accurate, up-to-date responses for your research, content creation, and information needs. * Latest data for informed decision-making * Comprehensive research capabilities * Factual grounding for better outputs ### Claude 3.5 Sonnet + JigsawStack Search Anthropic's Claude 3.5 Sonnet, known for exceptional reasoning and creative output, now incorporates real-time data through JigsawStack Search, enhancing its problem-solving capabilities and creative potential. * Current context for creative projects * Enhanced coding assistance with latest documentation * Improved analysis with real-world data ## Technical Integration Benefits ### Advanced Search Algorithm JigsawStack's proprietary search algorithm delivers precisely relevant information by understanding context and intent, not just keywords. ### Seamless Experience The integration provides a unified experience where AI models can access external information without disrupting your workflow. ### Performance Optimization Our search capabilities are optimized for speed and efficiency, reducing latency and improving the overall user experience on the ARES platform. ## Real-World Applications

Research & Analysis

Access current market data, research papers, and industry trends to inform strategic decisions.

Content Creation

Generate factually accurate content with references to current events and verified information.

Software Development

Get up-to-date coding examples, documentation, and best practices while building applications.

Business Intelligence

Analyze latest industry developments and competitive information for strategic planning.

## Getting Started To experience the enhanced capabilities of JigsawStack Search on ARES: 1. **Visit [ARES website](https://www.getares.ai/)** to create an account or log in 2. **Update to version 3.20 or later** to access the latest features 3. **Select either GPT-4o or Claude 3.5 Sonnet** with JigsawStack Search enabled 4. **Start exploring** the enhanced capabilities with real-time information access ARES offers a free trial period for new users. [Start your free trial today](https://www.getares.ai/) to experience how JigsawStack Search transforms your AI interactions. ## Developer Resources For developers interested in incorporating similar capabilities into their own applications: * [JigsawStack AI Search API documentation](/docs/api-reference/web/ai-search) ## Partnership Inquiries If you're interested in integrating JigsawStack's capabilities into your platform or product, please get in touch with [support@jigsawstack.com](mailto:support@jigsawstack.com) to discuss potential collaboration opportunities. # Groq Source: https://jigsawstack.com/docs/integration/groq Learn how to use Prompt Engine powered by Groq to automate tasks in your application. Powered by Groq JigsawStack Prompt Engine is a powerful AI SDK designed to integrate into any backend, automating tasks such as web scraping, optical character recognition (OCR), translation, and more, using custom fine-tuned models. By plugging JigsawStack into your existing application infrastructure, you can offload the heavy lifting and focus on building. The JigsawStack Prompt Engine is powered by the [Groq](https://groq.com/) LPU Inference Engine to deliver an exceptionally efficient workflow optimized for real-time performance. By leveraging Groq in the backend for fast inference and low latency, the JigsawStack Prompt Engine provides rapid results for your AI applications. Packed with a range of built-in features, Prompt Engine makes working with LLMs effortless and efficient: * 🌐 Prompt caching for repeated prompt runs * 💬 Automatic prompt optimization for improved performance * 📄 Response schema validation for accuracy and consistency * 🔁 Reusable prompts to streamline your workflow * 🧠 Multi-agent LLM from 50+ models for flexibility depending on your apps * 🚫 No virtual rate limits, tokens, and GPU management ## How does it work? JigsawStack Prompt Engine workflow The JigsawStack Prompt Engine is based on a Mixture-of-Agents (MoA) approach. Each time a prompt is executed, it is run across 5 LLMs under the hood, including LLMs powered by Groq for lightning-fast inference speed and performance, such as: * `llama-3.1-70b-versatile` * `llama-3.1-8b-instant` * `mixtral-8x7b-32768` The output of each LLM is then ranked by a smaller model based on similarity and quality before being merged into a single output. The JigsawStack Prompt Engine especially works well if you run the same base prompt repeatedly to allow the engine to self-tune for running the best model every single time with the built-in prompt caching feature. Optionally each prompt execution is first ran through `llama-guard-3-8b` to detect and filter for common abuse such as prompt injection, crimes, sexual content and more. Prompt guard is a feature that’s built into every step of the Prompt Engine and is configurable to allow or block specific content types. Learn more about [how prompt engine works here](https://jigsawstack.com/blog/jigsawstack-mixture-of-agents-moa-outperform-any-single-llm-and-reduce-cost-with-prompt-engine) ## Getting Started ### Prerequisite * Create a [free JigsawStack account](https://jigsawstack.com/auth) * Generate a secret key from the dashboard and securely store it ### Installation ```bash JavaScript npm i jigsawstack ``` ```bash Python pip install jigsawstack ``` ### Usage You can get a JigsawStack API key by creating an account [here](https://jigsawstack.com/auth). Store the key in a secure environment like a `.env` file. #### Creating a prompt engine: ```javascript JavaScript import { JigsawStack } from "jigsawstack"; const jigsaw = JigsawStack({ apiKey: "your-api-key" }); const result = await jigsaw.prompt_engine.create({ prompt: "How to cook {dish}", inputs: [{ key: "dish" }], return_prompt: [ { step: "step counter", instructions: "details of this step", }, ], }); ``` ```python Python from jigsawstack import JigsawStack jigsaw = JigsawStack(api_key="your-api-key") params = { "prompt": "How to cook {dish}", "inputs": [{ "key": "dish" }], "return_prompt": "Return the result in a markdown format", } result = jigsaw.prompt_engine.create(params) ``` All prompts are stored allowing you to rerun them with just the prompt ID #### Running the prompt: ```javascript JavaScript const resp = await jigsaw.prompt_engine.run({ id: result.prompt_engine_id, input_values: { dish: "Singaporean chicken rice", }, }); ``` ```python Python resp = jigsaw.prompt_engine.run( { "id": result.prompt_engine_id, "input_values": { "about": "Singaporean chicken rice", }, } ) ``` #### Running a prompt directly: ```javascript JavaScript const result = await jigsaw.prompt_engine.run_prompt_direct({ prompt: "Tell me a story about {about}", inputs: [ { key: "about", optional: false, initial_value: "Leaning Tower of Pisa", }, ], return_prompt: "Return the result in a markdown format", }); ``` ```python Python params = { "prompt": "Tell me a story about {about}", "inputs": [ { "key": "about", "optional": False, "initial_value": "Leaning Tower of Pisa", }, ], "return_prompt": "Return the result in a markdown format", } result = jigsaw.prompt_engine.run_prompt_direct(params) ``` You can learn more about the [Prompt Engine in the docs](/docs/api-reference/prompt-engine/create) ## Llama Guard 3 by Groq The prompt engine comes with prompt guards to prevent prompt injection from user inputs and a wide range of unsafe use cases. This can be turned on automatically using the `prompt_guard` field. ```javascript JavaScript const result = await jigsaw.prompt_engine.run_prompt_direct({ prompt: "Tell me a story about {about}", inputs: [ { key: "about", optional: false, initial_value: "Leaning Tower of Pisa", }, ], return_prompt: "Return the result in a markdown format", prompt_guard: ["sexual_content", "defamation"], }); ``` ```python Python params = { "prompt": "Tell me a story about {about}", "inputs": [ { "key": "about", "optional": False, "initial_value": "Leaning Tower of Pisa", }, ], "return_prompt": "Return the result in a markdown format", "prompt_guard": ["sexual_content", "defamation"] } result = jigsaw.prompt_engine.run_prompt_direct(params) ``` ### Prompt Guard Categories * `defamation`: Guards against potentially libelous content * `privacy`: Protects personal information * `hate`: Filters out discriminatory content * `sexual_content`: Blocks explicit material * `elections`: Prevents election misinformation * `code_interpreter_abuse`: Guards against code exploitation * `indiscriminate_weapons`: Blocks content about mass destruction weapons * `specialized_advice`: Prevents unauthorized professional advice By implementing prompt guard, you can create more secure, reliable, and user-friendly AI-powered applications. It's an invaluable tool for developers looking to harness the power of AI while maintaining control over the content generated and processed by their applications. For the most up-to-date list of prompt guard options and detailed usage, refer to the [full documentation](/docs/api-reference/prompt-engine/create). # LangChain Source: https://jigsawstack.com/docs/integration/langchain Unlock the Power of the JigsawStack on LangChain! Powered by LangChain LangChain.js now supports calling [JigsawStack Prompt Engine](/docs/examples/ai/prompt-engine) and more through the JigsawStack Tool. The JigsawStack Tool provides your agent with several capabilities: * **JigsawStack Prompt Engine**: Use JigsawStack's advanced prompt engine to interact with large language models. * **JigsawStackAIScrape**: Scrape web content with AI-powered precision. * **JigsawStackAISearch**: Perform AI-powered web searches for high-quality results. * **JigsawStackSpeechToText**: Transcribe audio or video using the powerful large V3 Whisper model. * **JigsawStackVOCR**: Recognize and extract data from images via AI prompts. * **JigsawStackTextToSQL**: Generate SQL queries from natural language text. ## Setup 1. **Set up an [account](https://jigsawstack.com/)**: Get started for free 2. **Create and retrieve your API key**: ```bash export JIGSAWSTACK_API_KEY="your-api-key" ``` ## Installation Install the JigsawStack integration package for your project: ```bash # npm npm install @langchain/jigsawstack # Yarn yarn add @langchain/jigsawstack # pnpm pnpm add @langchain/jigsawstack ``` ## Usage: Standalone ### Example 1: Using the JigsawStack Prompt Engine ```javascript import { JigsawStackPromptEngine } from "@langchain/jigsawstack"; export const run = async () => { const model = new JigsawStackPromptEngine(); const res = await model.invoke( "Tell me about the leaning tower of pisa?\nAnswer:", ); console.log({ res }); }; ``` ### Example 2: Using Other JigsawStack Tools ```javascript import { JigsawStackAIScrape, JigsawStackAISearch, JigsawStackSpeechToText, JigsawStackVOCR, JigsawStackTextToSQL, } from "@langchain/jigsawstack"; // Example of AI Scrape Tool const aiScrapeTool = new JigsawStackAIScrape({ params: { element_prompts: ["Pro plan"], }, }); const scrapeResult = await aiScrapeTool.invoke( "https://jigsawstack.com/pricing", ); console.log({ scrapeResult }); // Example of AI Search Tool const aiSearchTool = new JigsawStackAISearch(); const searchResult = await aiSearchTool.invoke("The leaning tower of Pisa"); console.log({ searchResult }); // Example of VOCR Tool const vocrTool = new JigsawStackVOCR({ params: { prompt: "Describe the image in detail", }, }); const vocrResult = await vocrTool.invoke("https://link-to-image.jpg"); console.log({ vocrResult }); // Example of Speech-to-Text Tool const sttTool = new JigsawStackSpeechToText(); await sttTool.invoke("https://link-to-video.mp4"); // Example of Text-to-SQL Tool const sqlTool = new JigsawStackTextToSQL({ params: { sql_schema: "CREATE TABLE Transactions (transaction_id INT PRIMARY KEY, user_id INT NOT NULL, ... )", }, }); const sqlResult = await sqlTool.invoke( "Generate a query to get transactions exceeding $10,000.", ); console.log({ sqlResult }); ``` ## Usage: In an Agent ```javascript import { ChatOpenAI } from "@langchain/openai"; import { initializeAgentExecutorWithOptions } from "langchain/agents"; import { JigsawStackAIScrape, JigsawStackAISearch, JigsawStackVOCR, JigsawStackSpeechToText, JigsawStackTextToSQL, } from "@langchain/jigsawstack"; const model = new ChatOpenAI({ temperature: 0 }); // Add the necessary tools const tools = [ new JigsawStackAIScrape(), new JigsawStackAISearch(), new JigsawStackVOCR(), new JigsawStackSpeechToText(), new JigsawStackTextToSQL(), ]; const executor = await initializeAgentExecutorWithOptions(tools, model, { agentType: "zero-shot-react-description", verbose: true, }); const res = await executor.invoke({ input: "Kokkalo Restaurant Santorini", }); console.log(res.output); ``` For more details, visit the [LangChain documentation](https://js.langchain.com/docs/integrations/llms/jigsawstack/). # Postman Source: https://jigsawstack.com/docs/integration/postman Explore and test JigsawStack APIs directly in Postman with our official collection Postman Logo ## Access JigsawStack APIs in Postman Postman is a popular API platform that makes working with APIs faster and easier. With our official JigsawStack Postman collection, you can: * **Explore** our complete API suite in an interactive environment * **Test** API calls with pre-configured requests * **Integrate** JigsawStack into your projects with generated code snippets * **Collaborate** with your team on API development * **Build workflows** using Postman's powerful features ## Getting Started ## Setup Instructions 1. **Create a Postman account** if you don't already have one 2. **Fork the JigsawStack collection** from our [official workspace](https://www.postman.com/jigsawstack/workspace/jigsawstack/) 3. **Set up your environment variables**: * Create a new environment in Postman * Add the variable `JIGSAWSTACK_API_KEY` with your API key * Set the `BASE_URL` to `https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1` ## Available API Categories Our Postman collection is organized by API category, making it easy to find and test the specific functionality you need:
Category Description Example Endpoints
Core AI Essential AI capabilities for text and data analysis Sentiment Analysis, Translation, Summary
Web & Search Web scraping and search capabilities AI Web Scraper, Web Search, HTML to Any
Computer Vision Image analysis and processing vOCR, Object Detection
Audio Speech processing and voice capabilities Speech to Text, Text to Speech
Geolocation Location-based services and data Geo Search, Geocode
Validation Content validation and verification NSFW Detection, Profanity Check, Spell Check
File Management Cloud-based file storage and retrieval File Storage
## Workflow Examples ### Example 1: Sentiment Analysis Workflow 1. Send a request to the Sentiment Analysis endpoint 2. Visualize the sentiment score in Postman's visualization tab 3. Use the response to trigger conditional follow-up requests ### Example 2: Content Generation Pipeline 1. Generate text summaries with the Summary API 2. Translate the summary to different languages 3. Convert the translated text to speech 4. Store the audio file for later use ## Postman Features for JigsawStack ### Code Generation Easily generate code snippets for any API request in your preferred programming language: 1. Send a request in Postman 2. Click the "Code" button (<>) in the right sidebar 3. Select your programming language (JavaScript, Python, PHP, etc.) 4. Copy the generated code to your project ### Environment Variables Set up environment variables to easily switch between development and production: ```json { "development": { "JIGSAWSTACK_API_KEY": "your-development-api-key", "BASE_URL": "https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1" }, "production": { "JIGSAWSTACK_API_KEY": "your-production-api-key", "BASE_URL": "https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1" } } ``` ### Response Examples Each request in our collection includes example responses, helping you understand what to expect before making an API call. ## Community & Support * **Join our [Discord community](https://discord.gg/GnvmdZ7z)** for questions and collaboration * **Contribute to our collection** by suggesting improvements * **Vote for JigsawStack** in the [2025 Postman Developers' Choice Awards](https://www.postman.com/jigsawstack)

Need Help?

If you have questions or need assistance with the JigsawStack Postman collection, please contact [support@jigsawstack.com](mailto:support@jigsawstack.com).

## Additional Resources * [JigsawStack API Documentation](/docs/api-reference/authentication) * [Postman Learning Center](https://learning.postman.com/) # Zapier Source: https://jigsawstack.com/docs/integration/zapier Automate your workflow by connecting JigsawStack's AI capabilities with thousands of apps through Zapier JigsawStack + Zapier Integration ## Automate Your AI Workflows Zapier lets you connect JigsawStack with 7,000+ popular apps to automate your work and create powerful AI-enhanced workflows without writing code. Build time-saving automations by connecting JigsawStack's AI capabilities to the tools you already use.

Why Use JigsawStack with Zapier?

  • Connect JigsawStack to thousands of apps
  • Automate repetitive AI tasks
  • Process data through AI models automatically
  • No coding required
  • Free forever for core features

Get Started

Create a Zapier account and connect JigsawStack to start building automated workflows.

Connect JigsawStack to Zapier
## Supported JigsawStack Actions in Zapier JigsawStack provides the following actions that you can use in your Zaps:
Action Description Use Case
Sentiment Analysis Analyze text sentiment (positive, negative, neutral) Categorize customer feedback automatically
Speech to Text Transcribe audio files using Whisper large V3 Convert meeting recordings to searchable text
Text Summary Generate concise summaries of longer text Create article summaries for newsletters
Translation Translate text between languages Automatically translate customer communications
vOCR Extract text from images with high accuracy Process receipts and invoices automatically
Object Detection Recognize objects within images Catalog product images by detected items
NSFW Detection Detect inappropriate content in images Filter user-uploaded content automatically
Profanity Check Check text for inappropriate language Moderate comments before publishing
Spam Check Analyze text for spam indicators Filter form submissions for quality
Spell Check Detect and correct spelling errors Automatically proofread content
Email Verification Verify email deliverability and status Clean contact lists before campaigns
## Example Zap Workflows ### Sentiment Analysis for Customer Support 1. **Trigger**: New support ticket in Zendesk 2. **Action**: Analyze sentiment with JigsawStack 3. **Action**: Tag ticket based on sentiment analysis 4. **Action**: Route high-priority negative tickets to senior support staff ### Automated Content Moderation 1. **Trigger**: New forum post in Discourse 2. **Action**: Check text for profanity with JigsawStack 3. **Action**: Hold posts with flagged content for review 4. **Action**: Notify moderators of potential issues ### Multilingual Customer Communication 1. **Trigger**: New email in Gmail from international domain 2. **Action**: Detect language with JigsawStack 3. **Action**: Translate content to your team's language 4. **Action**: Send translated response back to customer ## Setup Instructions 1. **Create or log in** to your [Zapier account](https://zapier.com) 2. **Visit the [JigsawStack integration page](https://zapier.com/apps/jigsawstack/integrations)** 3. **Click "Connect JigsawStack to..."** and select an app to pair with 4. **Follow the prompts** to authorize JigsawStack and the other app 5. **Create your Zap** by selecting triggers and actions 6. **Test and activate** your automated workflow

Need Help?

Some JigsawStack APIs may not be available in the Zapier actions. If there's a specific capability you need, please contact [support@jigsawstack.com](mailto:support@jigsawstack.com) for assistance.

## Resources * [JigsawStack Zapier App Directory](https://zapier.com/apps/jigsawstack/integrations) * [Zapier Getting Started Guide](https://zapier.com/learn/getting-started-guide) * [JigsawStack API Documentation](/docs/api-reference/authentication) # Introduction Source: https://jigsawstack.com/docs/introduction Welcome to the JigsawStack docs! Learn about how to use and integrate small models in your application. Explore our complete list of models and API references here. Hero Light Hero Dark JigsawStack is provides a suite of custom small models plugged into the right infrastructure to power your AI applications ## Prerequisites To get the most out of this guide, you’ll need to: * **Set up an** [account](https://jigsawstack.com/dashboard) * **Create and retrieve your** [API key](https://jigsawstack.com/dashboard) ## Get started Get started using the JigsawStack SDK in your project. ### Installation ```bash node.js npm install jigsawstack # or yarn add jigsawstack # or pnpm add jigsawstack # or bun add jigsawstack ``` ```bash python pip install jigsawstack ``` ### Usage ```javascript node.js import { JigsawStack } from "jigsawstack"; const jigsawstack = JigsawStack({ apiKey: "your-api-key", }); const result = await jigsawstack.web.ai_scrape({ url: "https://www.amazon.com/Cadbury-Mini-Caramel-Eggs-Bulk/dp/B0CWM99G5W", element_prompts: ["prices"], }); ``` ```py python from jigsawstack import JigsawStack jigsawstack = JigsawStack(api_key="your-api-key") params = { "url": "https://www.amazon.com/Cadbury-Mini-Caramel-Eggs-Bulk/dp/B0CWM99G5W", "element_prompts": ["prices"] } result = jigsawstack.web.ai_scrape(params) ``` ## Quickstart Learn more on how to get JigsawStack set up in your project. Learn how to use the JigsawStack Node.js SDK to build AI powered applications. Learn how to use the Python SDK to build AI powered applications. # Introduction Source: https://jigsawstack.com/docs/quick-start/node/introduction Getting started with JigsawStack Node.js SDK to build AI-powered applications Explore our complete list of models and API references here. ## Prerequisites Before you begin, make sure you have: * Created a [JigsawStack account](https://jigsawstack.com/dashboard) * Retrieved your [API key](https://jigsawstack.com/dashboard) * Installed Node.js (version 18.10.0 or higher) ## Installation Choose your preferred package manager to install the JigsawStack SDK: ```bash npm npm install jigsawstack ``` ```bash yarn yarn add jigsawstack ``` ```bash pnpm pnpm add jigsawstack ``` ```bash bun bun add jigsawstack ``` ## Configuration There are two ways to configure your JigsawStack SDK: ### Option 1: Using environment variables (recommended) Create a `.env` file in your project root: ```bash .env JIGSAWSTACK_API_KEY=your-api-key ``` ### Option 2: Direct configuration Initialize the SDK with your API key: ```javascript import { JigsawStack } from "jigsawstack"; const jigsawstack = JigsawStack({ apiKey: "your-api-key", }); ``` ## Quick Example Here's how to use JigsawStack's AI Web Scraper to extract product information: ```javascript import { JigsawStack } from "jigsawstack"; // Initialize the SDK (API key from environment variables) const jigsawstack = JigsawStack(); // Basic usage - extract pricing information const result = await jigsawstack.web.ai_scrape({ url: "https://supabase.com/pricing", element_prompts: ["Plan title", "Plan price"], }); ``` ## Response Format The AI scraper returns structured data based on your prompts: ```json { "page_position": 1, "page_position_length": 3, "context": { "Plan title": ["Free", "Pro", "Team", "Enterprise"], "Plan price": ["$0", "$25", "$599", "Custom"] }, "selectors": { "Plan title": [ "h3.text-foreground.text-2xl.font-normal.uppercase.flex.items-center.gap-4.font-mono" ], "Plan price": [ "div.text-foreground.flex.items-baseline.text-5xl.font-normal.lg\\:text-4xl.xl\\:text-4xl.border-b.border-default.lg\\:min-h-\\[175px\\].py-8.lg\\:pb-0.lg\\:pt-10 p.mt-2.pb-1.font-mono.text-5xl", "div.text-foreground.flex.items-baseline.text-5xl.font-normal.lg\\:text-4xl.xl\\:text-4xl.border-b.border-default.lg\\:min-h-\\[175px\\].py-6.lg\\:pb-0.pt-6 p.mt-2.pb-1.font-mono.text-5xl", "div.text-foreground.flex.items-baseline.text-5xl.font-normal.lg\\:text-4xl.xl\\:text-4xl.border-b.border-default.lg\\:min-h-\\[175px\\].py-8.lg\\:pb-0.lg\\:pt-10 p.mt-2.pb-1.font-mono.text-4xl" ] }, ... } ``` ## What's Next? Now that you've set up JigsawStack, you can: * Explore our [API reference](/docs/api-reference/authentication) for all available models * Check out our [examples](https://jigsawstack.com/docs/examples/ai/vocr) for common use cases * Join our [Discord](https://discord.gg/GnvmdZ7z) for support Kuddos! You're ready to build powerful AI applications with JigsawStack. # Next.js Source: https://jigsawstack.com/docs/quick-start/node/next Learn how to integrate JigsawStack with Next.js to build AI-powered applications Explore our complete list of models and API references here. ## Prerequisites Before you begin, make sure you have: * Created a [JigsawStack account](https://jigsawstack.com/dashboard) * Retrieved your [API key](https://jigsawstack.com/dashboard) * Installed Node.js (version 18.10.0 or higher) * Set up a Next.js project ## Installation Add the JigsawStack SDK to your Next.js project: ```bash npm npm install jigsawstack ``` ```bash yarn yarn add jigsawstack ``` ```bash pnpm pnpm add jigsawstack ``` ## Configuration ### Setting up environment variables 1. Create or modify your `.env.local` file in the root of your Next.js project: ```bash .env.local JIGSAWSTACK_API_KEY='your-api-key' ``` 2. For production, make sure to add the environment variable to your deployment platform (Vercel, Netlify, etc.) ## API Route Implementation JigsawStack can be easily integrated into Next.js API routes. Here's an example of a text-to-speech API endpoint: ```javascript pages/api/tts.ts import type { NextApiRequest, NextApiResponse } from "next"; import { JigsawStack } from "jigsawstack"; const jigsawstack = JigsawStack(); // API key will be read from environment export default async (req: NextApiRequest, res: NextApiResponse) => { try { const result = await jigsawstack.audio.text_to_speech({ text: "Hello, how are you doing?", }); const data = result.blob(); res.status(200).json({ success: true, }); } catch (error) { return res.status(400).json(error); } }; ``` ## Client-Side Implementation For client components that need to use JigsawStack, you should make requests through your API routes rather than directly from the client to protect your API key. ```javascript components/TextToSpeechButton.jsx "use client"; import { useState } from "react"; export default function TextToSpeechButton() { const [loading, setLoading] = useState(false); const handleTextToSpeech = async () => { setLoading(true); try { const response = await fetch("/api/tts"); const data = await response.json(); if (data.success) { // Handle successful response console.log("Text-to-speech generated successfully"); } } catch (error) { console.error("Error generating speech:", error); } finally { setLoading(false); } }; return ( ); } ``` ## App Router Support If you're using Next.js App Router, you can create a route handler: ```javascript app/api/tts/route.ts import { NextResponse } from "next/server"; import { JigsawStack } from "jigsawstack"; const jigsawstack = JigsawStack(); export async function POST(request) { try { const { text } = await request.json(); const result = await jigsawstack.audio.text_to_speech({ text: text || "Hello, how are you doing?", }); const data = result.blob(); return NextResponse.json({ success: true }); } catch (error) { return NextResponse.json({ error: error.message }, { status: 400 }); } } ``` JigsawStack seamlessly integrates with Next.js to provide powerful AI capabilities while maintaining best practices for security and performance. # Window.ai Source: https://jigsawstack.com/docs/quick-start/node/window-ai How to integrate JigsawStack with the window.ai API for browser-based AI capabilities Explore our complete list of models and API references here. ## Overview The `window.ai` Chrome API introduces native AI capabilities that run locally within the browser environment. While Chrome's native implementation is still in its early stages (available in Chrome Canary) with limited capabilities, **JigsawStack extends this concept** by providing a comprehensive suite of powerful AI utilities through the same familiar interface. By integrating JigsawStack with the `window.ai` object, you can: * Provide consistent AI capabilities across all browsers * Access advanced AI features beyond what's natively available * Create seamless browser-based AI experiences for your users ## Prerequisites Before integrating JigsawStack with window\.ai, you'll need: * A [JigsawStack account](https://jigsawstack.com/dashboard) * Your JigsawStack [Public API key](https://jigsawstack.com/dashboard) For client-side browser integration, always use your `public key` instead of your secret key. You can enhance security by restricting the `public key` to specific APIs or domains. Learn more about [public vs. secret API keys](/docs/api-reference/authentication#public-and-secret-api-keys). ## Integration ### Basic Setup Add JigsawStack to your browser application and assign it to the window\.ai object: ```javascript // Import JigsawStack in a module environment import { JigsawStack } from "jigsawstack"; // Initialize with your public key const jigsawstack = JigsawStack({ apiKey: "pk_fecc....92je9" // Use your public key here }); // Assign to window.ai window.ai = jigsawstack; ``` For script tag inclusion: ```html ``` ### TypeScript Support For TypeScript projects, add proper typing for the window\.ai object: ```typescript // index.d.ts or types.d.ts import type { JigsawStack } from "jigsawstack"; declare global { interface Window { ai: ReturnType; } } export {}; ``` ## Using window\.ai Once integrated, you can access all JigsawStack capabilities through the window\.ai object: ### Sentiment Analysis ```javascript // Analyze sentiment with a simple call const sentiment = await window.ai.sentiment("I love how easy it is to get started"); console.log(sentiment); // { sentiment: "positive", score: 0.92 } ``` ### Text Translation ```javascript // Translate text between languages const translation = await window.ai.translate({ text: "Hello, world!", targetLang: "es" }); console.log(translation); // "¡Hola, mundo!" ``` ### Text Summarization ```javascript // Generate a summary of longer text const summary = await window.ai.summary({ text: "Long article or document content here...", maxLength: 100 }); console.log(summary); // Concise summary of the text ``` ### Image Generation ```javascript // Generate an image from a text prompt const image = await window.ai.image_generation({ prompt: "A serene mountain landscape with a lake" }); document.getElementById('generatedImage').src = image.url; ``` ## Complete Example Here's a complete example showing how to integrate JigsawStack with window\.ai in a web application: ```html JigsawStack window.ai Demo

JigsawStack window.ai Demo

Sentiment Analysis

``` ## Fallback Strategy To create a resilient application that works with both native window\.ai (when available) and JigsawStack: ```javascript // Check if native window.ai exists, otherwise use JigsawStack if (!window.ai) { const jigsawstack = JigsawStack({ apiKey: "pk_fecc....92je9" }); window.ai = jigsawstack; } // Now you can use window.ai safely const result = await window.ai.sentiment("Your text here"); ``` ## Browser Compatibility JigsawStack's window\.ai integration works across all major browsers: * Chrome * Firefox * Safari * Edge * Opera This provides consistent AI capabilities regardless of native browser AI support. # Introduction Source: https://jigsawstack.com/docs/quick-start/python/introduction Get started with the JigsawStack Python SDK to build powerful AI applications Explore our complete list of models and API references here. ## Prerequisites Before you begin, you'll need: * A [JigsawStack account](https://jigsawstack.com/dashboard) * Your [API key](https://jigsawstack.com/dashboard) from the JigsawStack dashboard * Python 3.7 or higher installed on your system The SDK is compatible with Python 3.7+ and works on all major operating systems (Windows, macOS, and Linux). ## Installation Install the JigsawStack Python SDK using pip: ```bash pip pip install jigsawstack ``` ```bash pipenv pipenv install jigsawstack ``` ```bash poetry poetry add jigsawstack ``` ## Authentication There are two ways to authenticate with the JigsawStack API: ### Option 1: Environment Variable (Recommended) Set your API key as an environment variable: ```bash # Linux/macOS export JIGSAWSTACK_API_KEY='your-api-key' # Windows (Command Prompt) set JIGSAWSTACK_API_KEY=your-api-key # Windows (PowerShell) $env:JIGSAWSTACK_API_KEY = 'your-api-key' ``` Or in your project's `.env` file: ```bash .env JIGSAWSTACK_API_KEY='your-api-key' ``` Then initialize the SDK without explicitly providing the API key: ```python from jigsawstack import JigsawStack jigsawstack = JigsawStack() # API key will be read from environment ``` ### Option 2: Direct Initialization Provide your API key directly when initializing the SDK: ```python from jigsawstack import JigsawStack jigsawstack = JigsawStack(api_key="your-api-key") ``` ## Basic Usage Here's a quick example of using the AI web scraper to extract information from an Amazon product page: ```python from jigsawstack import JigsawStack # Initialize the SDK jigsawstack = JigsawStack() # API key from environment variables # Define parameters for web scraping params = { "url": "https://www.amazon.com/Cadbury-Mini-Caramel-Eggs-Bulk/dp/B0CWM99G5W", "element_prompts": ["prices", "title", "ratings", "product_details"] } # Make the API call result = jigsawstack.web.ai_scrape(params) # Print the results print(f"Product Title: {result.get('title')}") print(f"Price Information: {result.get('prices')}") ``` ## Response Handling JigsawStack returns structured data as Python dictionaries. Here's how to handle the response: ```python # Example response handling try: result = jigsawstack.web.ai_scrape(params) # Access nested data if "prices" in result: current_price = result["prices"].get("current_price") print(f"Current Price: ${current_price}") # Iterate through multiple results if "product_details" in result: print("Product Details:") for key, value in result["product_details"].items(): print(f"- {key}: {value}") except Exception as e: print(f"Error: {e}") ``` ## More Examples ### Sentiment Analysis ```python sentiment_result = jigsawstack.ai.sentiment({ "text": "I absolutely love this product! It's amazing!" }) print(f"Sentiment: {sentiment_result.get('sentiment')}") print(f"Score: {sentiment_result.get('score')}") ``` ### Text Translation ```python translation = jigsawstack.ai.translate({ "text": "Hello, world!", "target_language": "es" # Spanish }) print(f"Translated text: {translation.get('translated_text')}") ``` ### Text to Speech ```python speech = jigsawstack.audio.text_to_speech({ "text": "Welcome to JigsawStack Python SDK!", "voice": "en-US-female" }) # Save the audio to a file with open("welcome_message.mp3", "wb") as audio_file: audio_file.write(speech.content) ``` ## Next Steps Now that you've set up the JigsawStack Python SDK, you can: * Explore the [complete API reference](/docs/api-reference/authentication) to discover all available models * Try out different AI capabilities like [image generation](https://jigsawstack.com/docs/api-reference/ai/image-generation), [OCR](https://jigsawstack.com/docs/api-reference/ai/vocr), and more * Join our [Discord](https://discord.gg/GnvmdZ7z) for help and to share your projects Start building powerful AI applications with JigsawStack today!